A financial and environmental evaluation for the introduction of diesel-hydraulic hybrid-drive system in urban waste collection

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 100-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Alencar de Oliveira ◽  
Marcio de Almeida D’Agosto ◽  
Vicente Aprigliano Fernandes ◽  
Cíntia Machado de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Drive System ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Hydraulic Hybrid

scholarly journals Solving an urban waste collection problem using ants heuristics

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 3020-3033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín Bautista ◽  
Elena Fernández ◽  
Jordi Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Waste Collection ◽  
Urban Waste

scholarly journals Reduction of work accidents through the implementation of containers for solid waste collection

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Nailson Diniz Dos Santos ◽  
Tomi Zlatar ◽  
Felipe Mendes Da Cruz ◽  
Béda Barkokébas Junior ◽  
Eliane Maria Gorga Lago
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
World Population ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Collection ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Work Accidents

The activity of waste collection is fundamental for preserving human health and the environment. As the world population increases, so does the waste production, consequently leading to a higher number of professionals involved in the collection activity. The objective of this study was to identify the main causes of accidents in urban waste collection and to verify if the implementation of containers would reduce the number of accidents in the sector. The causes were identified by analyzing accidents in two waste-collection companies for 4 years. Company A had 3,859 employees with 756 registered accident cases, while company B had 2020 workers with 189 cases. In total, it was analyzed 945 accident cases from urban waste collection. One municipality from company A which implemented the highest number of containers was studied thoroughly to verify if the implementation of containers reduces the number of accidents. The analysis shows that the household collection had the highest accident rate, with 65.61%. Sharp materials and falls were the leading causes of accidents, representing 53% in the company A and 62% in the company B. After containers implementation, the number of accidents caused by sharp materials and falls decreased from 37 without the container in 2014, to 18 with the container in 2015, and 11 with the container in 2016. It was concluded that the implementation of containers improves occupational safety and health during the urban cleaning process. Further studies should be conducted in order to improve the working conditions in the urban cleaning sector.

scholarly journals Electrification of Urban Waste Collection: Introducing a Simulation-Based Methodology for Technical Feasibility, Impact and Cost Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ewert ◽  
Alexander Grahle ◽  
Kai Martins-Turner ◽  
Anne Magdalene Syré ◽  
Kai Nagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Urban Emissions

Electrification is a potential solution for transport decarbonization and already widely available for individual and public transport. However, the availability of electrified commercial vehicles like waste collection vehicles is still limited, despite their significant contribution to urban emissions. Moreover, there is a lack of clarity whether electric waste collection vehicles can persist in real world conditions and which system design is required. Therefore, we introduce a multi-agent-based simulation methodology to investigate the technical feasibility and evaluate environmental and economic sustainability of an electrified urban waste collection. We present a synthetic model for waste collection demand on a per-link basis, using open available data. The tour planning is solved by an open-source algorithm as a capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP). This generates plausible tours which handle the demand. The generated tours are simulated with an open-source transport simulation (MATSim) for both the diesel and the electric waste collection vehicles. To compare the life cycle costs, we analyze the data using total cost of ownership (TCO). Environmental impacts are evaluated based on a Well-to-Wheel approach. We present a comparison of the two propulsion types for the exemplary use case of Berlin. And we are able to generate a suitable planning to handle Berlin’s waste collection demand using battery electric vehicles only. The TCO calculation reveals that the electrification raises the total operator cost by 16–30%, depending on the scenario and the battery size with conservative assumptions. Furthermore, the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) can be reduced by 60–99%, depending on the carbon footprint of electric power generation.

Motion design and implementation for a hybrid drive system

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kireçci ◽  
L C Dülger
Keyword(s):  
Drive System ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Polynomial Functions ◽  
Interpolation Function ◽  
Servo Motor ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Experimental Application ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Motion Design

This paper presents a study of motion design and its implementation on a hybrid drive system that combines the motions of a large constant speed motor with a small servo motor by means of a mechanism in order to provide a powerful programmable drive system. In general, the most suitable function used to generate motion curves is the power form of polynomial functions. However, this function may produce some unexpected oscillations between the boundary conditions. A methodology is given to prevent this drawback of the interpolation function. A laboratory type set-up is designed and manufactured in order to realize the problems of practical implementation. An experimental application involving the hybrid drive system is included in the study presented.

scholarly journals BIN-CT: Urban waste collection based on predicting the container fill level

Biosystems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 103962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Ferrer ◽  
Enrique Alba
Keyword(s):  
Waste Collection ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Fill Level

scholarly journals A Study of an Electric-Pneumatic Hybrid Drive System and its Control Methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi NAKADA ◽  
Yasuo SAKURAI ◽  
Kazuhiro TANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Drive System ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Hybrid Drive

scholarly journals Energy consumption of a passenger car with a hybrid powertrain in real traffic conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bieniek ◽  
Mariusz Graba ◽  
Jarosław Mamala ◽  
Krzysztof Prażnowski ◽  
Krystian Hennek
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Passenger Car

The analysis of energy consumption in a hybrid drive system of a passenger car in real road conditions is an important factor determining its operational indicators. The article presents energy consumption analysis of a car equipped with an advanced Plug-in Hybrid Drive System (PHEV), driving in real road conditions on a test section of about 51 km covered in various environmental conditions and seasons. Particular attention was paid to the energy consumption resulting from the cooperation of two independent drive units, analyzed in terms of the total energy expenditure. The energy consumption obtained from fuel and energy collected from the car’s batteries for each run over the total distance of 12,500 km was summarized. The instantaneous values of energy consumption for the hybrid drive per kilometer of distance traveled in car’s real operating conditions range from 0.6 to 1.4 MJ/km, with lower values relating to the vehicle operation only with electric drive. The upper range applies to the internal combustion engine, which increases not only the energy expenditure in the TTW (Tank-to-Wheel) system, but also CO2 emissions to the environment. Based on the experimental data, the curves of total energy consumption per kilometer of the road section traveled were determined, showing a close correlation with the actual operating conditions. Obtained values were compared with homologation data from the WLTP test of the tested passenger car, where the average value of energy demand is 1.1 MJ/km and the CO2 emission is 23 g/km.

scholarly journals METAHEURISTICS FOR THE WASTE COLLECTION VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEM IN URBAN AREAS

2020 ◽  
pp. 001
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Stanković ◽  
Danijel Marković ◽  
Goran Petrović ◽  
Žarko Čojbašić
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Routing ◽  
Vehicle Routing Problem ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heuristic Algorithms ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Capacitated Vehicle

This paper presents a methodology for solving the municipal waste collection problem in urban areas. The problem is treated as a distance-constrained capacitated vehicle routing problem for municipal waste collection (DCCVRP-MWC). To solve this problem, four meta-heuristic algorithms were used: Genetic algorithm (GA), Simulated annealing (SA), Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Ant colony optimization (ACO). Vehicle guidance plays a huge role in large transportation companies, and with this test, we propose one of several algorithms for solving urban waste collection problems.

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