Liver initiation activity of norfloxacin but not nalidixic acid, pipemidic acid, and ciprofloxacin on in vivo short-term liver initiation assay in rats

Toxicology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 222 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Itoh ◽  
Mitsuyoshi Moto ◽  
Miwa Takahashi ◽  
Hiroki Sakai ◽  
Kunitoshi Mitsumori
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Pipemidic Acid ◽  
Short Term

Effects of short-term saffron (Crocus sativus L.) intake on the in vivo activities of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in healthy volunteers

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Begas ◽  
Maria Bounitsi ◽  
Thomas Kilindris ◽  
Evangelos Kouvaras ◽  
Konstantinos Makaritsis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Crocus Sativus L

Case study in 21 st century ecotoxicology: using in vitro aromatase inhibition data to predict short term in vivo responses in adult female fish

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Villeneuve ◽  
Brett R. Blackwell ◽  
Jenna E. Cavallin ◽  
Wan‐Yun Cheng ◽  
David J. Feifarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Aromatase Inhibition ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Inhibition Data

scholarly journals Mechanistic insights into synergy between nalidixic acid and tetracycline against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Gaurav ◽  
Varsha Gupta ◽  
Sandeep K. Shrivastava ◽  
Ranjana Pathania
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
E Coli

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance has become a global health problem. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen due to its capacity to persist in the hospital environment. It has a high mortality rate and few treatment options. Antibiotic combinations can help to fight multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, but they are rarely used in the clinics and mostly unexplored. The interaction between bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics are mostly reported as antagonism based on the results obtained in the susceptible model laboratory strain Escherichia coli. However, in the present study, we report a synergistic interaction between nalidixic acid and tetracycline against clinical multi-drug resistant A. baumannii and E. coli. Here we provide mechanistic insight into this dichotomy. The synergistic combination was studied by checkerboard assay and time-kill curve analysis. We also elucidate the mechanism behind this synergy using several techniques such as fluorescence spectroscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, morphometric analysis, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Nalidixic acid and tetracycline combination displayed synergy against most of the MDR clinical isolates of A. baumannii and E. coli but not against susceptible isolates. Finally, we demonstrate that this combination is also effective in vivo in an A. baumannii/Caenorhabditis elegans infection model (p < 0.001)

Short‐Term Repeatability of in Vivo Cardiac Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Tensor Imaging in Healthy Human Volunteers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu‐Shi Zhang ◽  
En‐Hui Liu ◽  
Xin‐Yu Wang ◽  
Xin‐Xiang Zhou ◽  
Hong‐Xia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intravoxel Incoherent Motion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Human Volunteers

scholarly journals Glycogen synthesis in the perfused liver of adrenalectomized rats

1976 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Whitton ◽  
D A Hems
Keyword(s):  
Intact Animal ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Perfused Liver ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Glycogen Accumulation ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats

1. A total loss of capacity for net glycogen synthesis was observed in experiments with the perfused liver of starved adrenalectomized rats. 2. This lesion was corrected by insulin or cortisol in vivo (over 2-5h), but not by any agent tested in perfusion. 3. The activity of glycogen synthetase a, and its increase during perfusion, in the presence of glucose plus glucogenic substrates, were proportional to the rate of net glycogen accumulation. 4. This complete inherent loss of capacity for glycogen synthesis after adrenalectomy is greater than any defect in hepatic metabolism yet reported in this situation, and is not explicable by a decrease in the rate of gluconegenesis (which supports glycogen synthesis in the liver of starved rats). The short-term (2-5h) stimulatory effect of glucocorticoids in the intact animal, on hepatic glycogen deposition, may be mediated partly through insulin action, although neither insulin or cortisol appear to act directly on the liver to stimulate glycogen synthesis.

Altered colony-forming activities of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells in mice following short-term in vivo exposure to parathion

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent S. Gallicchio ◽  
Thomas D. Watts ◽  
George P. Casale ◽  
Philip M. Bartholomew
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

scholarly journals Short-Term Treadmill Running as a Model for Studying Cell-Free DNA Kinetics In Vivo

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Beiter ◽  
Annunziata Fragasso ◽  
Jens Hudemann ◽  
Andreas M Nieß ◽  
Perikles Simon
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Cross Country

BACKGROUND Increased plasma concentrations of cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) are considered a hallmark of various clinical conditions. Despite intensive research in this field, limited data are available concerning the time course of release and clearance of cf-DNA in vivo. METHODS We extracted cf-DNA from plasma samples taken before and immediately after a 10-km cross-country run, and from samples taken before, immediately after, and 30 min after exhaustive short-term treadmill exercise. The contribution of nuclear (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The incremental treadmill exercise setup was exploited to delineate the precise sequencing and timing of cf-nDNA, lactate, and high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) release during the exercise and recovery phases. RESULTS Postexercise plasma cf-nDNA concentrations in cross-country and treadmill runners were significantly increased, by 7.6-fold and 9.9-fold, respectively (P &lt; 0.001). cf-nDNA concentrations were not correlated with age, sex, or body mass index. Plasma concentrations of cf-nDNA and HMGB1 in postexercise samples of treadmill runners were significantly correlated (r = 0.84; P = 0.004). cf-mtDNA concentrations were not affected by treadmill exercise. Time-course analyses demonstrated that cf-nDNA is released within minutes after the onset of exercise and is rapidly cleared from the circulation after the cessation of exercise. Nearly congruent kinetics for cf-nDNA, lactate, and HMGB1 were observed during the exercise phase. CONCLUSIONS A single bout of exhaustive short-term treadmill exercise constitutes a versatile model system suitable for addressing basic questions about cf-DNA biology.

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