Ebselen and diorganylchalcogenides decrease in vitro glutamate uptake by RAT brain slices: Prevention by DTT and GSH

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Moretto ◽  
A.P. Thomazi ◽  
G. Godinho ◽  
T.M. Roessler ◽  
C.W. Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Glutamate Uptake ◽  
Brain Slices

CONVERSION OF TYROSINE TO CATECHOLAMINES BY RAT BRAIN SLICES

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1565-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Iyer ◽  
P. L. McGeer ◽  
E. G. McGeer
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Adrenal Medulla ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Enzymatic Conversion

Evidence is presented for the enzymatic conversion of tyrosine to DOPA and the catecholamines by rat brain slices in vitro. Conversion is favored by ATP and TPNH and inhibited by pyridoxal phosphate. The conversion is very much less than that found under comparable conditions with rat adrenal medulla slices and also differs in that, in brain slices, there is a greater increase in DOPA than in dopamine or noradrenaline.

Acute hypoxia induces elevation of ornithine decarboxylase activity in neonatal rat brain slices

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
LD Longo ◽  
S Packianathan
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Ornithine Decarboxylase ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Brain Slice ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Newborn Rat ◽  
Rat Brain Slice

Recent studies in vivo have demonstrated that ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in the fetal rat brain is elevated 4-5-fold by acute maternal hypoxia. This hypoxic-associated increase is seen in the rat brain in both the newborn and the adult. Because of the intimate involvement of ODC in transcription and translation, as well as in growth and development, it is imperative that the manner in which hypoxia affects the regulation of this enzyme be better understood. In order to achieve this, a brain preparation in vitro was required to eliminate the confounding effects of the dam on the fetal and newborn brain ODC activity in vivo. Therefore, brain slices from 3-4-day-old (P-3) newborn rats were utilized to test the hypothesis that ODC activity increases in response to hypoxia in vitro. Cerebral slices from the P-3 rat pups were allowed to equilibrate and recover in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) continuously bubbled with a mixture of 95% O2 and 5% CO2 for 1 h before beginning hypoxic exposures. Higher basal ODC activities were obtained by treating the slices with 0.03% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 0.003% bovine serum albumin (BSA), rather than with ACSF alone. Hypoxia was induced in the slices by replacing the gas with 40%, 21%, 10%, or 5% O2, all with 5% CO2 and balance N2. With FBS and BSA treatment, ODC activity was maintained at about 0.15-0.11 nM CO2 mg-1 protein h-1 throughout the experiment, which was 2-3-fold higher than that without FBS and BSA. ODC activity increased significantly and peaked between 1 h and 2 h after initiation of hypoxia. For instance, with 21% O2, ODC activity increased approximately 1.5-fold at 1 h and approximately 2-fold at 2 h. These studies demonstrate that: (1) the hypoxic-induced increases observed in vivo in the fetal and newborn rat brain ODC activity can be approximated in a newborn rat brain slice preparation in vitro; (2) newborn rat brain slice preparations may provide an alternative to methods in vivo or cell culture methods for studying the regulation of acute hypoxic-induced enzymes; and (3) high, stable baseline ODC activities in brain slices suggest that the cells in the slice are capable of active metabolism if FBS and BSA are available to mimic conditions in vivo.

NovelSecoergoline Derivatives Inhibit Both GABA and Glutamate Uptake in Rat Brain Homogenates:  Synthesis, in Vitro Pharmacology, and Modeling

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (23) ◽  
pp. 5620-5629 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Héja ◽  
Ilona Kovács ◽  
Éva Szárics ◽  
Mária Incze ◽  
Eszter Temesváriné-Major ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Glutamate Uptake ◽  
In Vitro Pharmacology

CONVERSION OF TYROSINE TO CATECHOLAMINES BY RAT BRAIN SLICES

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1565-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Iyer ◽  
P. L. McGeer ◽  
E. G. McGeer
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Adrenal Medulla ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Enzymatic Conversion

Evidence is presented for the enzymatic conversion of tyrosine to DOPA and the catecholamines by rat brain slices in vitro. Conversion is favored by ATP and TPNH and inhibited by pyridoxal phosphate. The conversion is very much less than that found under comparable conditions with rat adrenal medulla slices and also differs in that, in brain slices, there is a greater increase in DOPA than in dopamine or noradrenaline.

Rutin improves glutamate uptake and inhibits glutamate excitotoxicity in rat brain slices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael S. Ferreira ◽  
Jéssica Teles-Souza ◽  
Cleide dos Santos Souza ◽  
Érica P. L. Pereira ◽  
Fillipe M. de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Glutamate Uptake ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Glutamate Excitotoxicity
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