scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Tract Infections: When Host Immune Response and the Microbiome Collide

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 750-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noa Ziklo ◽  
Wilhelmina M. Huston ◽  
Jane S. Hocking ◽  
Peter Timms
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Genital Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Male genital tract immune response against Chlamydia trachomatis infection

Reproduction ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
pp. R99-R110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Mackern-Oberti ◽  
Rubén Darío Motrich ◽  
Maria Teresa Damiani ◽  
Héctor Alex Saka ◽  
Cristian Andrés Quintero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Male Genital Tract ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Male Genital

Chlamydia trachomatisis the most commonly reported agent of sexually transmitted bacterial infections worldwide. This pathogen frequently leads to persistent, long-term, subclinical infections, which in turn may cause severe pathology in susceptible hosts. This is in part due to the strategies thatChlamydia trachomatisuses to survive within epithelial cells and to evade the host immune response, such as subverting intracellular trafficking, interfering signaling pathways and preventing apoptosis. Innate immune receptors such as toll-like receptors expressed on epithelial and immune cells in the genital tract mediate the recognition of chlamydial molecular patterns. After bacterial recognition, a subset of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are continuously released by epithelial cells. The innate immune response is followed by the initiation of the adaptive response againstChlamydia trachomatis, which in turn may result in T helper 1-mediated protection or in T helper 2-mediated immunopathology. Understanding the molecular mechanisms developed byChlamydia trachomatisto avoid killing and host immune response would be crucial for designing new therapeutic approaches and developing protective vaccines. In this review, we focus on chlamydial survival strategies and the elicited immune responses in male genital tract infections.

scholarly journals Unveiling New Molecular Factors Useful for Detection of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease due to Chlamydia trachomatis Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Carmen Rodriguez-Cerdeira ◽  
Elena Sanchez-Blanco ◽  
Alberto Molares-Vila ◽  
Alfonso Alba
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Genital Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Background. Untreated Chlamydia trachomatis infections in women can result in disease sequelae such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ultimately culminating in tubal occlusion and infertility. While nucleic acid amplification tests can effectively diagnose uncomplicated lower genital tract infections, they are not suitable for diagnosing upper genital tract pathological sequelae. Objective. The purpose of this paper was to provide a comprehensive review of new molecular factors associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of PID. Material and Methods. The literature was searched using the key words “Chlamydia trachomatis infections,” “pelvic inflammatory disease,” and “molecular factors” in the PubMed database. Relevant articles published between 1996 and 2012 were evaluated. Conclusions. The use of new molecular factors could potentially facilitate earlier diagnosis and prognosis in women with PID due to C. trachomatis infection.

scholarly journals Animal Models for Studying Female Genital Tract Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis

2013 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 3060-3067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelien De Clercq ◽  
Isabelle Kalmar ◽  
Daisy Vanrompay
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Genital Tract Infection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genital Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Female Genital

ABSTRACTChlamydia trachomatisis a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen. It is the leading cause of bacterial sexually transmitted disease in the world, with more than 100 million new cases of genital tract infections withC. trachomatisoccurring each year. Animal models are indispensable for the study ofC. trachomatisinfections and the development and evaluation of candidate vaccines. In this paper, the most commonly used animal models to study female genital tract infections withC. trachomatiswill be reviewed, namely, the mouse, guinea pig, and nonhuman primate models. Additionally, we will focus on the more recently developed pig model.

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