Postreplication targeting of transformants by bacterial immune systems?

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 516-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calum Johnston ◽  
Bernard Martin ◽  
Patrice Polard ◽  
Jean-Pierre Claverys
Keyword(s):  
Immune Systems ◽  
Bacterial Immune Systems

scholarly journals Prophage-encoded hotspots of bacterial immune systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Rousset ◽  
Julien Dowding ◽  
Aude Bernheim ◽  
Eduardo P.C. Rocha ◽  
David Bikard
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Protein Domains ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
Significant Source ◽  
Abortive Infection ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Bacterial Immune Systems

AbstractThe arms race between bacteria and phages led to the emergence of a variety of genetic systems used by bacteria to defend against viral infection, some of which were repurposed as powerful biotechnological tools. While numerous defense systems have been identified in genomic regions termed defense islands, it is believed that many more remain to be discovered. Here, we show that P2- like prophages and their P4-like satellites have genomic hotspots that represent a significant source of novel anti-phage systems. We validate the defense activity of 14 systems spanning various protein domains and describe PARIS, an abortive infection system triggered by a phage-encoded anti-restriction protein. Immunity hotspots are present across prophages of distant bacterial species, highlighting their biological importance in the competition between bacteria and phages.

scholarly journals Mucin induces CRISPR-Cas defence in an opportunistic pathogen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel MF Almeida ◽  
Ville Hoikkala ◽  
Janne J Ravantti ◽  
Noora Rantanen ◽  
Lotta-Riina Sundberg
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Flavobacterium Columnare ◽  
Fish Pathogen ◽  
Defense Strategies ◽  
Virulent Phage ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Bacterial Immune Systems ◽  
Host Signal

Parasitism by bacteriophages has led to the evolution of a variety of defense mechanisms in their host bacteria. However, it is unclear what factors lead to specific defenses being deployed upon phage infection. To explore this question, we exposed the bacterial fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare to its virulent phage V156 in the presence of a eukaryotic host signal (mucin). All tested conditions led to some level of innate immunity, but the presence of mucin led to a dramatic increase in CRISPR spacer acquisition, especially in low nutrient conditions where over 60% of colonies had obtained at least one new spacer. Additionally, we show that the presence of a competitor bacterium further increases CRISPR spacer acquisition in F. columnare. These results suggest that ecological factors are important in determining defense strategies against phages, and that the concentration of phages on metazoan surfaces may select for the diversification of bacterial immune systems.

Immune Systems of HIV Patients Age Rapidly

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
SHERRY BOSCHERT
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Immune Systems

Die Rolle des innate immune systems in der Entwicklung der Lungenerkrankung bei zystischer Fibrose

Pneumologie ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 464-468
Author(s):  
R Bals ◽  
D J Weiner ◽  
J M Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Systems
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document