scholarly journals Beyond working memory: the role of persistent activity in decision making

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 216-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton E. Curtis ◽  
Daeyeol Lee
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Persistent Activity

Age differences in decision making under known risk: The role of working memory and impulsivity.

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-252
Author(s):  
Jutta Kray ◽  
Barbara K. Kreis ◽  
Corinna Lorenz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Age Differences

scholarly journals Recent advances in understanding the role of the basal ganglia

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Simonyan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Procedural Learning ◽  
Voluntary Movements ◽  
Subcortical Structure ◽  
Functional Importance ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Simultaneous Inhibition

The basal ganglia are a complex subcortical structure that is principally involved in the selection and implementation of purposeful actions in response to external and internal cues. The basal ganglia set the pattern for facilitation of voluntary movements and simultaneous inhibition of competing or interfering movements. In addition, the basal ganglia are involved in the control of a wide variety of non-motor behaviors, spanning emotions, language, decision making, procedural learning, and working memory. This review presents a comparative overview of classic and contemporary models of basal ganglia organization and functional importance, including their increased integration with cortical and cerebellar structures.

scholarly journals Exploring the Inner Workings of Neuron Circuits That Exhibit Persistent Activity To Explain How Working Memory and Executive Function Are Implemented in The Brain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Persistent Activity ◽  
Storage Mechanism ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Task Processing ◽  
The Brain

In this research we explore in detail how a phenomenon called sustained persistent activity is achieved by circuits of interconnected neurons. Persistent activity is a phenomenon that has been extensively studied (Papoutsi et al. 2013; Kaminski et. al. 2017; McCormick et al. 2003; Rahman, and Berger, 2011). Persistent activity consists in neuron circuits whose spiking activity remains even after the initial stimuli are removed. Persistent activity has been found in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and has been correlated to working memory and decision making (Clayton E. Curtis and Daeyeol Lee, 2010). We go beyond the explanation of how persistent activity happens and show how arrangements of those basic circuits encode and store data and are used to perform more elaborated tasks and computations. The purpose of the model we propose here is to describe the minimum number of neurons and their interconnections required to explain persistent activity and how this phenomenon is actually a fast storage mechanism required for implementing working memory, task processing and decision making.

scholarly journals Role of LIP persistent activity in visual working memory

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 718-718
Author(s):  
K. Johnston ◽  
E. Brunamonti ◽  
N. Thomas ◽  
M. Pare
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Persistent Activity

scholarly journals Cool and hot executive functions at 5 years old as predictors of physical and relational aggression between 5 and 6 years old

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
Sarah E. O’Toole ◽  
Stella Tsermentseli ◽  
Sajid Humayun ◽  
Claire P. Monks
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Relational Aggression ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Delay Of Gratification ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children

To study the role of executive function (EF) in the early development of aggression, the role of cool and hot EF skills at 5 years old, in the development of physical and relational aggression between 5 and 6 years old, was explored. Typically developing children ( N = 80) completed tasks assessing their cool (inhibition, working memory, planning) and hot EF (affective decision making, delay of gratification) skills at 5 years old. Longitudinal data were collected from teachers that rated children’s aggression when they were 5, 5.5, and 6 years old. Inhibition at 5 years old predicted changes in physical and relational aggression between 5 and 6 years old. Early cool EF, but not hot EF, may therefore be associated with aggression and inhibitory control specifically with changes in aggression during early childhood.

On the role of dopamine replacement therapy in decision-making, working memory, and reward in Parkinson’s disease: Does the therapy-dose matter?

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Maria Elena Torta ◽  
Lorys Castelli ◽  
Maurizio Zibetti ◽  
Leonardo Lopiano ◽  
Giuliano Geminiani
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Dopamine Replacement Therapy

scholarly journals Persistent Activity during Working Memory from Front to Back

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton E Curtis ◽  
Thomas C Sprague
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Persistent Activity ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Early Visual Cortex ◽  
High Level

Working memory (WM) extends the duration over which information is available for processing. Given its importance in supporting a wide-array of high level cognitive abilities, uncovering the neural mechanisms that underlie WM has been a primary goal of neuroscience research over the past century. Here, we critically review what we consider the two major arcs of inquiry, with a specific focus on findings that were theoretically transformative. For the first arc, we briefly review classic studies that led to the canonical WM theory that cast the prefrontal cortex (PFC) as a central player utilizing persistent activity of neurons as a mechanism for memory storage. We then consider recent challenges to the theory regarding the role of persistent neural activity. The second arc, which evolved over the last decade, stemmed from sophisticated computational neuroimaging approaches enabling researchers to decode the contents of WM from the patterns of neural activity in many parts of the brain including early visual cortex. We summarize key findings from these studies, their implications for WM theory, and finally the challenges these findings pose. A comprehensive theory of WM will require a unification of these two arcs of research.

scholarly journals Persistent Activity During Working Memory From Front to Back

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton E. Curtis ◽  
Thomas C. Sprague
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Persistent Activity ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Early Visual Cortex ◽  
High Level

Working memory (WM) extends the duration over which information is available for processing. Given its importance in supporting a wide-array of high level cognitive abilities, uncovering the neural mechanisms that underlie WM has been a primary goal of neuroscience research over the past century. Here, we critically review what we consider the two major “arcs” of inquiry, with a specific focus on findings that were theoretically transformative. For the first arc, we briefly review classic studies that led to the canonical WM theory that cast the prefrontal cortex (PFC) as a central player utilizing persistent activity of neurons as a mechanism for memory storage. We then consider recent challenges to the theory regarding the role of persistent neural activity. The second arc, which evolved over the last decade, stemmed from sophisticated computational neuroimaging approaches enabling researchers to decode the contents of WM from the patterns of neural activity in many parts of the brain including early visual cortex. We summarize key findings from these studies, their implications for WM theory, and finally the challenges these findings pose. Our goal in doing so is to identify barriers to developing a comprehensive theory of WM that will require a unification of these two “arcs” of research.

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