Conformational analysis of ephedrine using molecular mechanical, semi-empirical and ab initio quantum mechanical methods

2007 ◽  
Vol 809 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Gourlay ◽  
J. Kendrick ◽  
F.J.J. Leusen
Keyword(s):  
Conformational Analysis ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Semi Empirical

An Introduction to the Theoretical Basis of Semi-Empirical Quantum-Mechanical Methods for Biological Chemists

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel G. J. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Photosynthetic Reaction Center ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Classical Models ◽  
The Many ◽  
Semi Empirical

Computational methods that can be employed to investigate fundamental questions concerning the complex chemical and structural behavior of biological molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids have been traditionally limited by the large number of atoms that comprise even the simplest system of biochemical interest. As a consequence, highly parameterized, empirical force field methods have been developed that describe the energy of macromolecular structures as a function of the spatial locations of the atomic nuclei. In combination with algorithms for simulating molecular dynamics, these classical models allow relatively accurate calculations of the structural and thermodynamic properties associated with proteins and nucleic acids. On the other hand, empirical approaches cannot be used to model molecular behavior that is directly dependent on electrons and their energies. For example, no information can be obtained concerning the electronic spectra of macromolecule/ligand complexes, electron transfer reactions such as those that occur within the photosynthetic reaction center, nitrogenase, an enzyme involved in nitrogen fixation, or cytochrome c oxidase which catalyzes the reduction of oxygen in the last step of aerobic respiration. Accurate modeling of transition states, excited states, and intermediates in biological catalysis requires application of quantummechanical (QM) representations since all of these phenomena depend on the distribution and/or excitation of electrons. At present, the most accurate ab initio algorithms for calculating electronic structure cannot be applied to systems comprised of hundreds of atoms, as such calculations scale as N4–N7 on most workstations, where N is the number of functions used in constructing the many-electron, molecular wavefunction. Even with the implementation of ab initio codes optimized for use on parallel computing engines, and density functional approaches, it is likely that high-accuracy QM calculations in the near future will remain limited to systems that comprise tens, rather than hundreds, of nonhydrogen atoms. Semi-empirical quantum-mechanical methods combine fundamental theoretical treatments of electronic behavior with parameters obtained from experiment to obtain approximate wavefunctions for molecules composed of hundreds of atoms.

scholarly journals Interactions between large molecules pose a puzzle for reference quantum mechanical methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmine S. Al-Hamdani ◽  
Péter R. Nagy ◽  
Andrea Zen ◽  
Dennis Barton ◽  
Mihály Kállay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Information ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Interaction Energies ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Large Molecules ◽  
Reference Information ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Covalent Interactions

AbstractQuantum-mechanical methods are used for understanding molecular interactions throughout the natural sciences. Quantum diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) and coupled cluster with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations [CCSD(T)] are state-of-the-art trusted wavefunction methods that have been shown to yield accurate interaction energies for small organic molecules. These methods provide valuable reference information for widely-used semi-empirical and machine learning potentials, especially where experimental information is scarce. However, agreement for systems beyond small molecules is a crucial remaining milestone for cementing the benchmark accuracy of these methods. We show that CCSD(T) and DMC interaction energies are not consistent for a set of polarizable supramolecules. Whilst there is agreement for some of the complexes, in a few key systems disagreements of up to 8 kcal mol−1 remain. These findings thus indicate that more caution is required when aiming at reproducible non-covalent interactions between extended molecules.

scholarly journals A Review on Combination of Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics and NMR Parameters Calculations

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4378
Author(s):  
Anna Helena Mazurek ◽  
Łukasz Szeleszczuk ◽  
Dariusz Maciej Pisklak
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Small Amplitude ◽  
Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Nmr Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Simulation Time

This review focuses on a combination of ab initio molecular dynamics (aiMD) and NMR parameters calculations using quantum mechanical methods. The advantages of such an approach in comparison to the commonly applied computations for the structures optimized at 0 K are presented. This article was designed as a convenient overview of the applied parameters such as the aiMD type, DFT functional, time step, or total simulation time, as well as examples of previously studied systems. From the analysis of the published works describing the applications of such combinations, it was concluded that including fast, small-amplitude motions through aiMD has a noticeable effect on the accuracy of NMR parameters calculations.

Crystal Structure and Tautomerism of 1-[N-(4-Iodophenyl)]aminomethylidene-2(1H)naphthalenone

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ünver ◽  
M. Kabak ◽  
D. M. Zengin ◽  
T. N. Durlu
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
Quantum Mechanical Calculations ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen ◽  
Semi Empirical

1-[N-(4-Iodophenyl)]aminomethylidene-2(1H)naphthalenone (1) (C17H12NOI) has been studied by X-ray analysis, IR, 1H NMR, UV and AM1 semi-empirical quantum mechanical methods. It crystallises in the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 4.844(3), b = 21.428(2), c = 13.726(2) Å, ß = 93.07(2)° (R1 =0.032 for 4132 reflections [I > 2σ(I)]). The title compound is not planar and an intramolecular hydrogen bond connects O1 and N1 [2.530(4) Å]. Complementary IR, 1H NMR and UV measurements out. Tautomerism and conformations of the title semi-empirical quantum mechanical calculations and the results are compared with the X-ray data.

scholarly journals Accelerated Computation of Free Energy Profile at ab Initio Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanics Accuracy via a Semi-Empirical Reference Potential. II. Recalibrating Semi-Empirical Parameters with Force Matching

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoliang Pan ◽  
Pengfei Li ◽  
Junming Ho ◽  
Jingzhi Pu ◽  
Ye Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Energy Profile ◽  
Free Energy Profile ◽  
Force Matching ◽  
Energy Profiles ◽  
Reference Potential ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Free Energy Profiles

An efficient and accurate reference potential simulation protocol is proposed for producing ab initio quantum mechanical molecular mechanical (AI-QM/MM) quality free energy profiles for chemical<br>reactions in a solvent or macromolecular environment. This protocol involves three stages: (a) using force matching to recalibrate a semi-empirical quantum mechanical (SE-QM) Hamiltonian for the specific reaction under study; (b) employing the recalibrated SE-QM Hamiltonian (in combination with molecular mechanical force fields) as the reference potential to drive umbrella samplings along the reaction pathway; and (c) computing AI-QM/MM energy values for collected configurations from the sampling and performing weighted thermodynamic perturbation to acquire AI-QM/MM corrected reaction free energy profile. For three model reactions (identity SN2 reaction, Menshutkin reaction, and glycine proton transfer reaction) in aqueous solution and one enzyme reaction (Claisen arrangement in chorismate mutase), our simulations using recalibrated PM3 SE-QM Hamiltonians well reproduced AI-QM/MM free energy profiles (at the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory) all within 1 kcal/mol with a 20 to 45 fold reduction in the computer time.

scholarly journals Accelerated computation of free energy profile at ab initio quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical accuracy via a semi-empirical reference potential. II. Recalibrating semi-empirical parameters with force matching

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (37) ◽  
pp. 20595-20605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoliang Pan ◽  
Pengfei Li ◽  
Junming Ho ◽  
Jingzhi Pu ◽  
Ye Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Energy Profile ◽  
Force Matching ◽  
Energy Profiles ◽  
Reference Potential ◽  
Simulation Protocol ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Free Energy Profiles

An efficient and accurate reference potential simulation protocol is proposed for producing ab initio quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (AI-QM/MM) quality free energy profiles for chemical reactions in a solvent or macromolecular environment.

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