scholarly journals The role of BMPs in endothelial cell function and dysfunction

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 472-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Dyer ◽  
Xinchun Pi ◽  
Cam Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function

Enhanced Vascular Endothelial Cell Function on Nanostructured Titanium Surface Features: The Role of Nano to Submicron Roughness

2008 ◽  
Vol 1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Lu ◽  
Dongwoo Khang ◽  
Thomas J. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
Endothelial Cell Adhesion

ABSTRACTTo study the contribution of different surface feature properties in improving vascular endothelial cell adhesion, rationally designed nano/sub-micron patterns with various dimensions were created on titanium surfaces in this study. In vitro results indicated that endothelial cell adhesion was improved when the titanium pattern dimensions decreased into the nano-scale. Specifically, endothelial cells preferred to adhere on sub-micron and nano rough titanium substrates compared to flat titanium. Moreover, titanium with nano and sub-micron roughness and with the same chemistry as compared to flat titanium, had significantly greater surface energy. Thus, the present study indicated the strong potential of surface nanotopography and nano/sub-micron roughness for improving current vascular stent design.

scholarly journals FKBPL and SIRT-1, key angiogenesis proteins, are downregulated by diabetes in pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelrahim Alqudah ◽  
Kelly-Ann Eastwood ◽  
Djurdja Jerotic ◽  
Naomi Todd ◽  
Denise Hoch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Diabetes In Pregnancy ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractContextDiabetes in pregnancy is associated with numerous complications, however the mechanisms are still poorly understood.ObjectiveTo investigate the role of new angiogenesis markers, FKBPL and SIRT-1, in pre-gestational (type 1 diabetes, T1D) and gestational diabetes (GDM).Design and interventionPlacental FKBPL, SIRT-1, PlGF and VEGF-R1 protein expression was determined from pregnant women with GDM or T1D, and in first trimester trophoblast cells exposed to high glucose and varying oxygen concentrations. Endothelial cell function was assessed in high glucose conditions and FKBPL overexpression.Settings and ParticipantsHuman placental samples from pregnant women with GDM (n=6) or T1D (n=8) were collected to assess FKBPL and SIRT-1 protein expression compared to non-diabetic controls.Main outcome measuresTo determine the role of placental FKBPL and/or SIRT-1 in diabetic pregnancies, in first trimester trophoblasts and endothelial cell function in high-glucose environment.ResultsPlacental FKBPL protein expression was downregulated in T1D (FKBPL; p<0.05) whereas PlGF/VEGF-R1 were upregulated (p<0.05); correlations adjusted for gestational age were also significant. In the presence of GDM, only SIRT-1 (p<0.001) was significantly downregulated even when adjusted for gestational age (r=-0.92, p=0.001). FKBPL and SIRT-1 were also downregulated in ACH-3P cells in high glucose conditions and 6.5%/2.5% oxygen concentrations (p<0.05). FKBPL overexpression in HUVECs reduced tubule formation compared to empty vector control, in high glucose conditions (junctions; p<0.01, branches; p<0.05).ConclusionsFKBPL and/or SIRT-1 downregulation in response to diabetes may have a role in the development of vascular dysfunction in pregnancy, and associated complications such as preeclampsia.

The Evolving Role of MicroRNAs in Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in Response to Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (03) ◽  
pp. 216-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Watkin ◽  
Glenn Fitzpatrick ◽  
Steve Kerrigan
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function ◽  
Rna Molecules

AbstractThe microRNAs are short noncoding RNA molecules responsible for translational repression and silencing of target genes via binding to the mRNA. They are found in all eukaryotic cells and play a critical role in virtually all physiological processes, including within the cardiovascular system where they influence cellular development, differentiation, cardiovascular function, hemostasis, and programmed cell death. Dysregulated microRNA expression is associated with several conditions ranging from cancer and autoimmune disease to infection. Progressively, it has become increasingly clear that microRNAs are important components of the host response to microbes. The cardiovascular system, coupled with cells of the innate immune system, provide the initial interaction and first response to microbial infection, respectively. This review presents the current state of knowledge regarding the role of microRNAs with emphasis on their role in controlling endothelial cell function.

scholarly journals Effect of the Anti-retroviral Drugs Efavirenz, Tenofovir and Emtricitabine on Endothelial Cell Function: Role of PARP

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Faltz ◽  
Hild Bergin ◽  
Elly Pilavachi ◽  
Guy Grimwade ◽  
Jon G. Mabley
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function

scholarly journals Up-regulation of Delta-like 4 Ligand in Human Tumor Vasculature and the Role of Basal Expression in Endothelial Cell Function

2005 ◽  
Vol 65 (19) ◽  
pp. 8690-8697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilay S. Patel ◽  
Ji-Liang Li ◽  
Daniele Generali ◽  
Richard Poulsom ◽  
David W. Cranston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Tumor Vasculature ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function ◽  
Basal Expression

scholarly journals Role of lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 in human aortic endothelial cell function

2016 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 702-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahia Touat-Hamici ◽  
Henri Weidmann ◽  
Yuna Blum ◽  
Carole Proust ◽  
Hervé Durand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Human Aortic Endothelial Cell ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cell ◽  
Lipid Phosphate ◽  
Aortic Endothelial

scholarly journals Pathological Roles of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dynamics in Cardiac Microvascular Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Sam Toan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Mitochondrial Fission ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function

Mitochondria are key regulators of cell fate through controlling ATP generation and releasing pro-apoptotic factors. Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury to the coronary microcirculation has manifestations ranging in severity from reversible edema to interstitial hemorrhage. A number of mechanisms have been proposed to explain the cardiac microvascular I/R injury including edema, impaired vasomotion, coronary microembolization, and capillary destruction. In contrast to their role in cell types with higher energy demands, mitochondria in endothelial cells primarily function in signaling cellular responses to environmental cues. It is clear that abnormal mitochondrial signatures, including mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial fusion, and mitophagy, play a substantial role in endothelial cell function. While the pathogenic role of each of these mitochondrial alterations in the endothelial cells I/R injury remains complex, profiling of mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics in endothelial cell dysfunction may offer promising potential targets in the search for novel diagnostics and therapeutics in cardiac microvascular I/R injury. The objective of this review is to discuss the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress on cardiac microvascular endothelial cells dysfunction. Mitochondrial dynamics, including mitochondrial fission and fusion, are critically discussed to understand their roles in endothelial cell survival. Finally, mitophagy, as a degradative mechanism for damaged mitochondria, is summarized to figure out its contribution to the progression of microvascular I/R injury.

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