Long-term in situ observations at the Athina mud volcano, Eastern Mediterranean: Taking the pulse of mud volcanism

2017 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 12-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Menapace ◽  
David Völker ◽  
Heiko Sahling ◽  
Christian Zoellner ◽  
Christian dos Santos Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Mud Volcano ◽  
Mud Volcanism ◽  
In Situ Observations

scholarly journals Erratum to: Long-term in situ monitoring at Dashgil mud volcano, Azerbaijan: a link between seismicity, pore-pressure transients and methane emission

2010 ◽  
Vol 99 (S1) ◽  
pp. 241-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achim Kopf ◽  
Georg Delisle ◽  
Eckhard Faber ◽  
Behrouz Panahi ◽  
Chingiz S. Aliyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Pressure ◽  
Methane Emission ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Mud Volcano ◽  
Pressure Transients

scholarly journals Mediterranean Sea climatic indices: monitoring long term variability and climate changes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasia Iona ◽  
Athanasios Theodorou ◽  
Sarantis Sofianos ◽  
Sylvain Watelet ◽  
Charles Troupin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Climatic Indices ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract. We present a new product composed of a set of thermohaline climatic indices from 1950 to 2015 for the Mediterranean Sea such as decadal temperature and salinity anomalies, their mean values over selected depths, decadal ocean heat and salt content anomalies at selected depth layers as well as their long times series. It is produced from a new high-resolution climatology of temperature and salinity on a 1/8° regular grid based on historical high quality in situ observations. Ocean heat and salt content differences between 1980–2015 and 1950–1979 are compared for evaluation of the climate shift in the Mediterranean Sea. The spatial patterns of heat and salt content shifts demonstrate in greater detail than ever before that the climate changes differently in the several regions of the basin. Long time series of heat and salt content for the period 1950 to 2015 are also provided which indicate that in the Mediterranean Sea there is a net mean volume warming and salting since 1950 with acceleration during the last two decades. The time series also show that the ocean heat content seems to fluctuate on a cycle of about 40 years and seems to follow the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation climate cycle indicating that the natural large scale atmospheric variability could be superimposed on to the warming trend. This product is an observations-based estimation of the Mediterranean climatic indices. It relies solely on spatially interpolated data produced from in-situ observations averaged over decades in order to smooth the decadal variability and reveal the long term trends with more accuracy. It can provide a valuable contribution to the modellers' community, next to the satellite-based products and serve as a baseline for the evaluation of climate-change model simulations contributing thus to a better understanding of the complex response of the Mediterranean Sea to the ongoing global climate change. The product is available here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1210100.

Long-term in situ monitoring at Dashgil mud volcano, Azerbaijan: a link between seismicity, pore-pressure transients and methane emission

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (S1) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achim Kopf ◽  
Georg Delisle ◽  
Eckhard Faber ◽  
Behrouz Panahi ◽  
Chingiz S. Aliyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Pressure ◽  
Methane Emission ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Mud Volcano ◽  
Pressure Transients

New record of Munidopsis taiwanica (Decapoda, Anomura) from a mud volcano field in the Mariana Trench, with in-situ observations on habitat

Crustaceana ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Dong ◽  
Xinzheng Li
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
Mud Volcano ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Mariana Trench ◽  
Squat Lobster ◽  
The World ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Seafloor Sediments ◽  
Squat Lobsters

Squat lobsters are prevalent in chemosynthetic environments but have been insufficiently studied in mud volcano habitats. An abyssal species,Munidopsis taiwanicaOsawa, Lin & Chan, 2008 was recently collected in a mud volcano field in the Mariana Trench at a depth greater than 5000 m, which represents a new distributional record. Its diagnostic characters are presented in this study. In-situ observation suggested thatM. taiwanicawas closely associated with this chemosynthetic environment and probably exhibited camouflage behaviour by attaching seafloor sediments onto its body.Munidopsis taiwanicais the first confirmed species of squat lobster found in the mud volcano environment, and currently represents the deepest record (5491 m) of squat lobsters in the world.

Mesoscale Activity in the Eastern Mediterranean: Blending Altimetry with in situ observations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Baaklini ◽  
Leila Issa ◽  
Julien Brajard ◽  
Milad Fakhri ◽  
Milena Menna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Surface Dynamics ◽  
Ocean Modelling ◽  
Lagrangian Drifters ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Surface Drifters ◽  
Lebanese Coast

<p>Mesoscale to sub-mesoscale surface dynamics in the ocean is a key parameter, driving, for instance, the dispersion of pollutants emanating from heavily populated coastal areas for example. Estimating the surface velocity can be challenging especially when data is sparse. In [1], the authors developed a near real-time 3D-Var assimilation algorithm that blends in-situ Lagrangian drifters’ positions with altimetry data to improve the estimation of the surface velocity in the Eastern Levantine Mediterranean. The algorithm was tested near the Lebanese coast and in the case of an eddy between Lebanon and Cyprus. The objective of this work is to further validate the algorithm.</p><p>First, a Comparison with Ocean color satellite images shows that eddies’ shapes and location are more consistent after the assimilation of drifter data.Independent in-situ current-meter data provided from the EGYPT campaign are also used to validate the results of the algorithm in terms of velocity intensity and direction. The comparison shows an improvement of the estimated velocity, particularly in terms of direction.</p><p>We also address the question of extending the algorithm to a larger regional scale in the Eastern Levantine Mediterranean, which is subject to a high mesoscale activity but which is less densely observed than the western part.</p><p> </p><p><span>[1] L. Issa, J. Brajard, M. Fakhri, D. Hayes, L. Mortier, P-M. Poulain. </span>Modelling Surface Currents in the Eastern Levantine Mediterranean Using Surface Drifters and Satellite Altimetry. Ocean Modelling, May 2016. Doi: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.05.006</p>

scholarly journals An evaluation of ASCAT surface soil moisture products with in-situ observations in Southwestern France

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Albergel ◽  
C. Rüdiger ◽  
D. Carrer ◽  
J.-C. Calvet ◽  
N. Fritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Surface Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Index ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Term Data

Abstract. A long term data acquisition effort of profile soil moisture is currently underway at 13 automatic weather stations located in Southwestern France. In this study, the soil moisture measured in-situ at 5 cm is used to evaluate the normalised surface soil moisture (SSM) estimates derived from coarse-resolution (25 km) active microwave data of the ASCAT scatterometer instrument (onboard METOP), issued by EUMETSAT for a period of 6 months (April–September) in 2007. The seasonal trend is removed from the satellite and in-situ time series by considering scaled anomalies. One station (Mouthoumet) of the ground network, located in a mountainous area, is removed from the analysis as very few ASCAT SSM estimates are available. No correlation is found for the station of Narbonne, which is close to the Mediterranean sea. On the other hand, nine stations present significant correlation levels. For two stations, a significant correlation is obtained when considering only part of the ASCAT data. The soil moisture measured in-situ at those stations, at 30 cm, is used to estimate the characteristic time length (T) of an exponential filter applied to the ASCAT product. The best correlation between a soil water index derived from ASCAT and the in-situ soil moisture observations at 30 cm is obtained with a T-value of 14 days.

scholarly journals Traffic restrictions in Beijing during the Sino-African Summit 2006: aerosol size distribution and visibility compared to long-term in situ observations

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12971-12998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. F. Cheng ◽  
J. Heintzenberg ◽  
B. Wehner ◽  
Z. J. Wu ◽  
M. Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Ultrafine Particle ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
In Situ Observations

Abstract. Based on the long-term in-situ observations of aerosol particle number size distributions and meteorological parameters, the traffic restriction measures during the Sino-African Summit (4–6 November 2006) in Beijing, China have been found to be remarkably efficient in reducing the number concentration of aerosol particles, in particular Aitken and accumulation mode particles, and in improving the visibility. The influence of traffic restriction in Beijing on the particle concentrations differed for different particle sizes. More significant effects on fine particles with diameters ranging from 40 to 800 nm have been found. Based on statistical analysis of long-term observation, under comparable weather conditions, the source strength of the particles in Aitken and accumulation modes seemingly was reduced by 40–60% when the traffic restrictions were in place. It may be mainly due to the reduction of secondary particle formation. Our size-dependent aerosol data also indicate that measures led to reductions in particulate air pollution in the optically most important diameter range, whereas further vehicle control measures may lead to an increase in ultrafine particle formation from the gas phase if the condensational sink further decreased. Assuming that there were no traffic restrictions and with normal levels of the vehicle emissions, the visibilities during the Summit would have been lower by about 50%. The importance of the restrictions is highest when the wind speed is lower than 3 m s−1. The fact that over 95% cases with visual range lower than 5 km during 2004 to 2007 occurred when the local wind speed was lower than 3 m s−1 may suggest that future traffic restrictions will lead to significant improvements of visibility in Beijing.

scholarly journals Regional improvement of global reanalyses by means of a new long-term Mediterranean hindcasted precipitation dataset: a first study over the Iberian Peninsula

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 307-311
Author(s):  
M. G. Sotillo ◽  
M. L. Martín ◽  
F. Valero ◽  
M. Y. Luna
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Important Improvement ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Global Reanalysis

Abstract. Generation of a Mediterranean long-term (1958-2001) homogeneous high resolution environmental database constituted the main objective whitin the HIPOCAS Project. The high number of parameters included in this database allows a complete characterization of Mediterranean storms. In this paper, the HIPOCAS precipitation reliability over the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands is evaluated against long-term in-situ observations from Iberia. In order to provide a more complete study, comparisons of the HIPOCAS field with NCEP/NCAR and ERA global reanalysis show the important improvement in the characterisation of the observed precipitation introduced by the HIPOCAS hindcast.

scholarly journals Seawater Salinity Estimating Module Based on the Sound Velocity Measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
А. P. Tolstosheev ◽  
E. G. Lunev ◽  
S. V. Motyzhev ◽  
V. Z. Dykman ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Velocity ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Salinity Field ◽  
In Situ Observations

Purpose. Reliability of knowledge about the ocean dynamics and climate variability is largely limited for lack of systematic in situ observations of the sea surface layer salinity, which is one of the basic hydrological parameters determining circulation and stratification of the water masses. The study is aimed at developing an autonomous device for long-term monitoring of salinity in the seawater upper layer. Methods and Results. One of the most effective tools for in situ observations of the ocean upper layer is the global network of surface drifting buoys – drifters. At present, the network consists of more than 1500 buoys, but only a few of them provide sea surface salinity observations within the framework of a limited number of pilot experiments. In the drifters, salinity is calculated by the traditional method using the results of the electrical conductivity and temperature measurements. There are a few problems related both to the principle of determining salinity by this method and to providing long-term stable running of conductivity sensors under the conditions of pollution and biological fouling. A drifter equipped with the module for the sound velocity and temperature measurements used for calculating salinity by an alternative method just aboard the drifter, was developed in Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences. The sound velocity and temperature module includes a specially designed time-of-flight sound velocity sensor with the fixed base and a quartz temperature sensor. In course of two years, numerous laboratory and in situ tests of several prototypes of the sound velocity and temperature module were performed. The laboratory tests showed that the repeatability limits for the results of the sound velocity measurements in the distilled water were 0.02 m/s. According to the data of the long-term in situ tests performed at intensive biological fouling, the error of salinity estimation resulted from of the sound velocity and temperature measurements were within 0.05 ‰. This result permits to expect that the sound velocity and temperature module parameters will remain stable in real conditions of long-term autonomous operation. Conclusions. The obtained results make it possible to recommend application of the drifters equipped with the modules for the sound velocity and temperature measurements as an effective tool for regular operational monitoring of the salinity field of the upper sea layer.

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