scholarly journals Structural Insight into the Core of CAD, the Multifunctional Protein Leading De Novo Pyrimidine Biosynthesis

Structure ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 912-923.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Moreno-Morcillo ◽  
Araceli Grande-García ◽  
Alba Ruiz-Ramos ◽  
Francisco del Caño-Ochoa ◽  
Jasminka Boskovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Pyrimidine Biosynthesis ◽  
Multifunctional Protein ◽  
The Core ◽  
Structural Insight ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Autophagosome biogenesis: From membrane growth to closure

2020 ◽  
Vol 219 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Melia ◽  
Alf H. Lystad ◽  
Anne Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Double Membrane ◽  
The Core ◽  
Membrane Modeling ◽  
Membrane Growth ◽  
Initial Discovery ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Key Questions

Autophagosome biogenesis involves de novo formation of a membrane that elongates to sequester cytoplasmic cargo and closes to form a double-membrane vesicle (an autophagosome). This process has remained enigmatic since its initial discovery >50 yr ago, but our understanding of the mechanisms involved in autophagosome biogenesis has increased substantially during the last 20 yr. Several key questions do remain open, however, including, What determines the site of autophagosome nucleation? What is the origin and lipid composition of the autophagosome membrane? How is cargo sequestration regulated under nonselective and selective types of autophagy? This review provides key insight into the core molecular mechanisms underlying autophagosome biogenesis, with a specific emphasis on membrane modeling events, and highlights recent conceptual advances in the field.

scholarly journals Meiotic cellular rejuvenation is coupled to nuclear remodeling in budding yeast

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant A King ◽  
Jay S Goodman ◽  
Jennifer G Schick ◽  
Keerthana Chetlapalli ◽  
Danielle M Jorgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Nuclear Pore ◽  
The Core ◽  
Nucleolar Material ◽  
Nuclear Remodeling ◽  
Insight Into

Production of healthy gametes in meiosis relies on the quality control and proper distribution of both nuclear and cytoplasmic contents. Meiotic differentiation naturally eliminates age-induced cellular damage by an unknown mechanism. Using time-lapse fluorescence microscopy in budding yeast, we found that nuclear senescence factors – including protein aggregates, extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA circles, and abnormal nucleolar material – are sequestered away from chromosomes during meiosis II and subsequently eliminated. A similar sequestration and elimination process occurs for the core subunits of the nuclear pore complex in both young and aged cells. Nuclear envelope remodeling drives the formation of a membranous compartment containing the sequestered material. Importantly, de novo generation of plasma membrane is required for the sequestration event, preventing the inheritance of long-lived nucleoporins and senescence factors into the newly formed gametes. Our study uncovers a new mechanism of nuclear quality control and provides insight into its function in meiotic cellular rejuvenation.

scholarly journals Meiotic Cellular Rejuvenation is Coupled to Nuclear Remodeling in Budding Yeast

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant A. King ◽  
Jay S. Goodman ◽  
Keerthana Chetlapalli ◽  
Jennifer G. Schick ◽  
Danielle M. Jorgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Nuclear Pore ◽  
The Core ◽  
Nucleolar Material ◽  
Nuclear Remodeling ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTProduction of healthy gametes in meiosis relies on the quality control and proper distribution of both nuclear and cytoplasmic contents. Meiotic differentiation naturally eliminates age-induced cellular damage by an unknown mechanism. Using time-lapse fluorescence microscopy in budding yeast, we found that nuclear senescence factors – including protein aggregates, extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA circles, and abnormal nucleolar material – are sequestered away from chromosomes during meiosis II and subsequently eliminated. A similar sequestration and elimination process occurs for the core subunits of the nuclear pore complex in both young and old cells. Nuclear envelope remodeling drives the formation of a membranous compartment containing the sequestered material. Importantly,de novogeneration of plasma membrane is required for the sequestration event, preventing the inheritance of long-lived nucleoporins and senescence factors into the newly formed gametes. Our study uncovers a new mechanism of nuclear quality control and provides insight into its function in meiotic cellular rejuvenation.

scholarly journals Structural Insight into the Core of CAD

Structure ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-820
Author(s):  
Guy Hervé
Keyword(s):  
The Core ◽  
Structural Insight ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Structural insight into the mechanism of energy transfer in cyanobacterial phycobilisomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lvqin Zheng ◽  
Zhenggao Zheng ◽  
Xiying Li ◽  
Guopeng Wang ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Excitation Energy ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Excitation Energy Transfer ◽  
Aromatic Residues ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cyanobacterial Species ◽  
Structural Insight ◽  
Linker Domain ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractPhycobilisomes (PBS) are the major light-harvesting machineries for photosynthesis in cyanobacteria and red algae and they have a hierarchical structure of a core and peripheral rods, with both consisting of phycobiliproteins and linker proteins. Here we report the cryo-EM structures of PBS from two cyanobacterial species, Anabaena 7120 and Synechococcus 7002. Both PBS are hemidiscoidal in shape and share a common triangular core structure. While the Anabaena PBS has two additional hexamers in the core linked by the 4th linker domain of ApcE (LCM). The PBS structures predict that, compared with the PBS from red algae, the cyanobacterial PBS could have more direct routes for energy transfer to ApcD. Structure-based systematic mutagenesis analysis of the chromophore environment of ApcD and ApcF subunits reveals that aromatic residues are critical to excitation energy transfer (EET). The structures also suggest that the linker protein could actively participate in the process of EET in both rods and the cores. These results provide insights into the organization of chromophores and the mechanisms of EET within cyanobacterial PBS.

Will Love Tear Us Apart: Adapting the Lyrical to the Ludic

CounterText ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-235
Author(s):  
Gordon Calleja
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
The Core ◽  
Lyrical Poetry ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

This paper gives an insight into the design process of a game adaptation of Joy Division's Love Will Tear Us Apart (1980). It outlines the challenges faced in attempting to reconcile the diverging qualities of lyrical poetry and digital games. In so doing, the paper examines the design decisions made in every segment of the game with a particular focus on the tension between the core concerns of the lyrical work being adapted and established tenets of game design.

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