Effects of soil compaction on root elongation and anatomy of different cereal plant species

2012 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Lipiec ◽  
Rainer Horn ◽  
Jacek Pietrusiewicz ◽  
Anna Siczek
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Cereal Plant

scholarly journals Potential Phytotoxic Effect of Essential Oil of Non-Native Species Impatiens parviflora DC.

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Jurová ◽  
Martina Matoušková ◽  
Anna Wajs-Bonikowska ◽  
Danuta Kalemba ◽  
Marek Renčo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Impatiens Parviflora ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Dicot Species

Impatiens parviflora is non-native invasive plant species occupying large areas all over the Europe and threatens native communities by altering their species composition and reducing native biodiversity. The factor responsible for its spreading could be explained by releasing biochemical to the environment. On the other hands, high demand on secondary metabolites as potential source of new ecofriendly biocides could be beneficial. The analysis of I. parviflora essential oil (EO) led us to identify more than 60 volatiles. The main compound was hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, other dominant components were phytol, carvacrol, germacra-4(15),5,10(14)-trien-1-α-ol, and pentacosane. The potential phytotoxic effect of I. parviflora EO collected in two vegetation periods (summer and autumn) was evaluated on seed germination and root elongation of three dicot species (Raphanus sativus, Lepidum sativum, and Lactuca sativa) and on one monocot species (Triticum aestivum). The seed germination of only one dicot species, L. sativa, was affected by both EOs. In contrast, seed germination of monocot species T. aestivum was influenced only by the highest doses of EOs isolated from I. parviflora in autumn. The root elongation of tested plant species was less influenced by I. parviflora EOs. L. sativum showed sensitivity to one dose of EOs hydrodistilled in summer, while the monocot species was influenced by both EOs samples in highest doses. Our findings revealed that I. parviflora contained phenolics that were phytotoxic to the germination of some plant species, mainly at higher EOs doses, while root elongation of tested plants was not suppressed by essential oils.

Reduced soil compaction enhances establishment of non-native plant species

Plant Ecology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Page Kyle ◽  
Karen H. Beard ◽  
Andrew Kulmatiski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species

scholarly journals Effects of Ten Antibiotics on Seed Germination and Root Elongation in Three Plant Species

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek G. Hillis ◽  
James Fletcher ◽  
Keith R. Solomon ◽  
Paul K. Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Root Elongation

scholarly journals Evaluation of phytotoxicity of municipal landfill leachate before and after biological treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (2 suppl) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Klauck ◽  
MAS Rodrigues ◽  
LB Silva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Landfill ◽  
Waste Landfill

<p>In the present study, leachate toxicity of a municipal solid waste landfill located in the Sinos River Valley region (southern Brazil) was evaluated using plant bioassays. Leachate toxicity was assessed by analysis of seed germination and root elongation of lettuce (<italic>Lactuca sativa</italic> L.) and rocket plant (<italic>Eruca sativa</italic> Mill.) and root elongation of onions (<italic>Allium cepa</italic> L.). Bioassays were performed by exposing the seeds of <italic>L. sativa</italic> and <italic>E. sativa</italic> and the roots of <italic>A. cepa</italic> to raw leachate, treated leachate (biological treatment) and negative control (tap water). The levels of metals detected in both samples of leachate were low, and raw leachate showed high values for ammoniacal nitrogen and total Kjeldahl nitrogen. There is a reduction in the values of several physicochemical parameters, which demonstrates the efficiency of the treatment. Both <italic>L. sativa</italic> and <italic>A. cepa</italic>showed a phytotoxic response to landfill leachate, showing reduced root elongation. However, the responses of these two plant species were different. Root elongation was significantly lower in <italic>A. cepa</italic> exposed to treated leachate, when compared to negative control, but did not show any difference when compared to raw leachate. In <italic>L. sativa</italic>, seeds exposed to the raw leachate showed significant reduction in root elongation, when compared to treated leachate and negative control. Seed germination showed no difference across the treatments. The results of the study show that plant species respond differently and that municipal solid waste landfill leachate show phytotoxicity, even after biological treatment.</p>

scholarly journals Systematic analysis of lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation posttranslational modification in wheat leaves

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253325
Author(s):  
Bo Feng ◽  
Shengdong Li ◽  
Zongshuai Wang ◽  
Fang Cao ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Protein Biosynthesis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Subcellular Location ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Sequence Motifs ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Subcellular Compartment ◽  
Conserved Sequence ◽  
Cereal Plant

Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) is a recently discovered post-translational modification (PTM) showing diverse biological functions and effects in living organisms. However, the study of Khib in plant species is still relatively limited. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a global important cereal plant. In this study, the systematic Khib analysis was performed in wheat leave tissues. A total of 3004 Khib sites in 1104 proteins were repeatedly identified. Structure characterization of these Khib peptides revealed 12 conserved sequence motifs. Function classification and enrichment analysis indicated these Khib proteins showed a wide function and pathway distribution, of which ribosome activity, protein biosynthesis and photosynthesis were the preferred biological processes. Subcellular location predication indicated chloroplast was the dominant subcellular compartment where Khib was distributed. There may be some crosstalks among Khib, lysine acetylation and lysine succinylation modification because some proteins and sites were modified by all these three acylations. The present study demonstrated the critical role of Khib in wheat biological and physiology, which has expanded the scope of Khib in plant species. Our study is an available resource and reference of Khib function demonstration and structure characterization in cereal plant, as well as in plant kingdom.

scholarly journals Portable penetrometer for agricultural soil: sensitivity test to identify critical compaction depth

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1823-1829 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Carlos Medeiros ◽  
Getulio Coutinho Figueiredo ◽  
Álvaro Luiz Mafra
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Resistance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Soil Sensitivity

To express the negative effects of soil compaction, some researchers use critical values for soil mechanical strength that severely impair plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify this critical compaction depth, to test the functionality of a new, portable penetrometer developed from a spring dynamometer, and compare it to an electronic penetrometer traditionally used in compaction studies of agricultural soils. Three soils with distinct texture were conventionally tilled using a disk plow, and cultivated with different plant species. The critical soil resistance defined to establish critical compaction depth was equal to 1.5 MPa. The results of the new equipment were similar to the electronic penetrometer, indicating its viability as a tool for assessing the soil physical conditions for plant growth.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic Chlorophyll Derivatives from Petrorhagia velutina (Guss.) Ball et Heyw Leaves

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500
Author(s):  
Brigida D'Abrosca ◽  
Monica Scognamiglio ◽  
Nikolaos Tsafantakis ◽  
Antonio Fiorentino ◽  
Pietro Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Nmr Methods ◽  
Chlorophyll Derivatives

In this investigation the phytochemical study of chlorophyll derivatives from leaf extract of Petrorhagia velutina, a eurimediterranean plant species typical of macchia vegetation is reported. A new pheophorbide, as well as nine other chlorophyll derivatives were isolated and their structures determined predominantly based on 1D and 2D NMR methods. The phytotoxicity against Raphanus sativus L. was evaluated. A significant photoinduced phytotoxicity was evident for both germination and root elongation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document