Parameter estimation for the logistic regression model under case-control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 168-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Geng ◽  
Lyudmila Sakhanenko
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Association of Red Blood Cell Indices with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Elderly Individuals: a Matched Case- control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Du ◽  
Mengdi Jin ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Jiangang Zhao ◽  
Aili Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Rbc Indices ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents an intermediate and modifiable stage between normal aging and dementia. There is an urgent need for simple, non- invasive testing of MCI by blood biomarkers. Objective: This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the association of red blood cell (RBC) indices with MCI, and select the best hematologic characteristic for detection of MCI in elderly Chinese. Methods: Matched case-control study was carried out with 85 pairs of MCI subjects and healthy controls. The matching criteria were age, gender and education attainment. All samples were analyzed for RBC indices, including hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD). A conditional logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between RBC indices and MCI. The diagnostic efficacy of the biomarkers was evaluated by receiver operating characteristics (ROC). Results: Among all RBC indices, there were significant differences in HGB (124.82 ± 7.89 vs. 133.93 ± 4.52, P < 0.001) and RDW-SD (45.29 ± 2.03 vs. 41.34 ± 4.41, P < 0.001) between two groups. In the logistic regression model, after adjustment for lifestyle factors and comorbidities, significant statisti- cally associations have been found between higher HGB and lower risk of MCI (adjusted OR: 0.831; 95%CI: 0.773-0.893), higher RDW-SD and a higher risk of MCI (adjusted OR: 1.575; 95%CI: 1.326- 1.872). ROC analysis suggested that the largest area under the ROC curve (AUC) was found with the combination of HGB and RDW-SD (AUC = 0.842), followed by HGB(AUC = 0.795), and finally by modest RDW-SD (AUC = 0.777). Combination of HGB <131 g/L and RDW-SD >43.4 fL yielded a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 89%, overall diagnosis efficiency of which were better than HBG and RDW-SD alone. Conclusion: Lower HGB and higher RDW-SD alone were significantly found to be associated with increased risk of MCI, and offered modest sensitivity and specificity as a diagnostic marker. The combination of HGB and RDW-SD was more sensitive and had higher classification accuracy for differentiating MCI from healthy controls. Further prospective research is needed to clarify whether HGB in combination with RDW-SD may be a potential diagnostic tool for early AD diagnosis.

Risk factors associated with subacromial pain in young athletes: A case control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zoran Z. Sarcevic ◽  
Andreja P. Tepavcevic
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sternoclavicular Joint ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Trapezius ◽  
Control Study

BACKGROUND: Subacromial pain (SAP) is a common complaint of young athletes, independently of the sport engaged. The prevalence of SAP in some sports is up to 50%. OBJECTIVE: The study was aimed to investigate some new factors possibly associated to subacromial pain in young athletes. The factors considered were the grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major, dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint, and serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength. METHODS: This case-control study included 82 young athletes 9–15 years, 41 with the symptoms of SAP and 41 controls. All participants self-reported whether they had subacromial pain. In addition, Hawkins–Kennedy Test was performed to all the participants to evaluate the subacromial pressure. Main outcome measures were the grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major, dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint, and serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength. The grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major and the dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint were measured with an inclinometer. Serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength were measured by a handheld dynamometer with external belt-fixation. The data were analyzed using t-test for independent samples, Mann-Whitney U test, contingency coefficients and a stepwise binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Significant statistical difference was observed in the grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major and in the variable representing the physiological functioning of the sternoclavicular joint, between the cases and the controls. There was no significant difference in serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength between the cases and the controls. Logistic regression analysis showed that the variable representing the physiological functioning of the sternoclavicular joint and the grade of shortening of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major were good predictors for presence of SAP. CONCLUSIONS: A strong association was determined between subacromial pain in young athletes, clavicular portion of pectoralis major tightness and the dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint.

scholarly journals Association between insulin resistance and left ventricular hypertrophy in asymptomatic, Black, sub-Saharan African, hypertensive patients: a case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Kianu Phanzu ◽  
Aliocha Nkodila Natuhoyila ◽  
Eleuthère Kintoki Vita ◽  
Jean-René M’Buyamba Kabangu ◽  
Benjamin Longo-Mbenza
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Conflicting information exists regarding the association between insulin resistance (IR) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). We described the associations between obesity, fasting insulinemia, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and LVH in Black patients with essential hypertension. Methods A case–control study was conducted at the Centre Médical de Kinshasa (CMK), the Democratic Republic of the Congo, between January and December 2019. Cases and controls were hypertensive patients with and without LVH, respectively. The relationships between obesity indices, physical inactivity, glucose metabolism and lipid disorder parameters, and LVH were assessed using linear and logistic regression analyses in simple and univariate exploratory analyses, respectively. When differences were observed between LVH and independent variables, the effects of potential confounders were studied through the use of multiple linear regression and in conditional logistic regression in multivariate analyses. The coefficients of determination (R2), adjusted odds ratios (aORs), and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to determine associations between LVH and the independent variables. Results Eighty-eight LVH cases (52 men) were compared against 132 controls (81 men). Variation in left ventricular mass (LVM) could be predicted by the following variables: age (19%), duration of hypertension (31.3%), body mass index (BMI, 44.4%), waist circumference (WC, 42.5%), glycemia (20%), insulinemia (44.8%), and HOMA-IR (43.7%). Hypertension duration, BMI, insulinemia, and HOMA-IR explained 68.3% of LVM variability in the multiple linear regression analysis. In the logistic regression model, obesity increased the risk of LVH by threefold [aOR 2.8; 95% CI (1.06–7.4); p = 0.038], and IR increased the risk of LVH by eightfold [aOR 8.4; 95 (3.7–15.7); p < 0.001]. Conclusion Obesity and IR appear to be the primary predictors of LVH in Black sub-Saharan African hypertensive patients. The comprehensive management of cardiovascular risk factors should be emphasized, with particular attention paid to obesity and IR. A prospective population-based study of Black sub-Saharan individuals that includes the use of serial imaging remains essential to better understand subclinical LV deterioration over time and to confirm the role played by IR in Black sub-Saharan individuals with hypertension.

scholarly journals Bayesian inference for the stereotype regression model: Application to a case-control study of prostate cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (25) ◽  
pp. 3139-3157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeil Ahn ◽  
Bhramar Mukherjee ◽  
Mousumi Banerjee ◽  
Kathleen A. Cooney
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Model Application ◽  
Control Study

Risk factors and outcomes of postoperative emergency response team activation: a matched case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Matthew I Hardman ◽  
◽  
S Chandralekha Kruthiventi ◽  
Michelle R Schmugge ◽  
Alexandre N Cavalcante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Control Study

OBJECTIVE: To determine patient and perioperative characteristics associated with unexpected postoperative clinical deterioration as determined for the need of a postoperative emergency response team (ERT) activation. DESIGN: Retrospective case–control study. SETTING: Tertiary academic hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Patients who underwent general anaesthesia discharged to regular wards between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2015 and required ERT activation within 48 postoperative hours. Controls were matched based on age, sex and procedure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Baseline patient and perioperative characteristics were abstracted to develop a multiple logistic regression model to assess for potential associations for increased risk for postoperative ERT. RESULTS: Among 105 345 patients, 797 had ERT calls, with a rate of 7.6 (95% CI, 7.1–8.1) calls per 1000 anaesthetics (0.76%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed the following risk factors for postoperative ERT: cardiovascular disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.61; 95% CI, 1.18–2.18), neurological disease (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.11–2.22), preoperative gabapentin (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.17–2.20), longer surgical duration (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02–1.11, per 30 min), emergency procedure (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.09–2.18), and intraoperative use of colloids (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.17–1.92). Compared with control participants, ERT patients had a longer hospital stay, a higher rate of admissions to critical care (55.5%), increased postoperative complications, and a higher 30-day mortality rate (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.73–6.54). CONCLUSION: We identified several patient and procedural characteristics associated with increased likelihood of postoperative ERT activation. ERT intervention is a marker for increased rates of postoperative complications and death.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF THE BINARY LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL PARAMETER USING BOOTSTRAP RE-SAMPLING

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. LI ◽  
J. ZHOU ◽  
L. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Parametric Bootstrap ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Bayesian Bootstrap ◽  
Non Parametric

In this paper, the non-parametric bootstrap and non-parametric Bayesian bootstrap methods are applied for parameter estimation in the binary logistic regression model. A real data study and a simulation study are conducted to compare the Nonparametric bootstrap, Non-parametric Bayesian bootstrap and the maximum likelihood methods. Study results shows that three methods are all effective ways for parameter estimation in the binary logistic regression model. In small sample case, the non-parametric Bayesian bootstrap method performs relatively better than the non-parametric bootstrap and the maximum likelihood method for parameter estimation in the binary logistic regression model.

scholarly journals Acute thrombocytopenic purpura in relation to the use of drugs

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 2714-2718 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW Kaufman ◽  
JP Kelly ◽  
CB Johannes ◽  
A Sandler ◽  
D Harmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Eastern Massachusetts ◽  
Control Study

Abstract The relation of acute thrombocytopenic purpura (TP) to the use of drugs was investigated in a case-control study conducted in eastern Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and the Philadelphia region; 62 cases over the age of 16 years with acute onset and with a rapid recovery were compared with 2,625 hospital controls. After control for confounding by multiple logistic regression, use of the following drugs in the week before the onset of symptoms was significantly associated: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (relative risk [RR] estimate, 124), quinidine/quinine (101), dipyridamole (14), sulfonylureas (4.8), and salicylates (2.6). The overall annual incidence of acute TP was estimated to be 18 cases per million population. The excess risks for the associated drugs were estimated to be 38 cases per million users of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole per week, 26 per million for quinidine/quinine, 3.9 per million for dipyridamole, 1.2 per million for sulfonylureas, and 0.4 per million for salicylates. Associations with sulfonamides, quinidine/quinine, sulfonylureas, and salicylates have been previously reported, but the present study has provided the first quantitative measures of the risk. The association with dipyridamole was unexpected. In general, despite large RRs, the incidence rates attributable to the drugs at issue (excess risks) were low, suggesting that TP is not an important consideration in the use of the various drugs.

scholarly journals Suicide in Psychiatric Inpatients— A Case–Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eberhard A. Deisenhammer ◽  
Elisa-Marie Behrndt-Bauer ◽  
Georg Kemmler ◽  
Christian Haring ◽  
Carl Miller
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inpatient Suicide ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Objective: Psychiatric inpatients constitute a population at considerably increased risk for suicide. Identifying those at imminent risk is still a challenging task for hospital staff. This retrospective case–control study focused on clinical risk factors related to the course of the hospital stay.Method: Inpatient suicide cases were identified by linking the Tyrol Suicide Register with the registers of three psychiatric hospitals in the state. Control subjects were patients who had also been hospitalized in the respective psychiatric unit but had not died by suicide. Matching variables included sex, age, hospital, diagnosis, and admission date. The study period comprised 7 years. Data were analyzed by the appropriate two-sample tests and by logistic regression.Results: A total of 30 inpatient suicide cases and 54 control patients were included. A number of factors differentiated cases from controls; after correction for multiple testing, the following retained significance: history of aborted suicide, history of attempted suicide, history of any suicidal behavior/threats, suicidal ideation continuing during hospitalization, no development of prospective plans, no improvement of mood during the hospital stay, and leaving ward without giving notice. Logistic regression identified the latter three variables and history of attempted suicide as highly significant predictors of inpatient suicide.Conclusions: Preventive measures during hospitalization include thorough assessment of suicidal features, an emphasis on the development of future perspectives, and a review of hospital regulations for patients who want to leave the ward.

Associations of physical and psychiatric conditions with chronic fatigue syndrome in Germany: an exploratory case-control study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Louis Jacob ◽  
Josep Maria Haro ◽  
Karel Kostev
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Only a few studies have analyzed the effects of physical and psychiatric conditions on the risk of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Therefore, the goal of this exploratory case-control study was to investigate the associations of physical and psychiatric conditions with CFS in almost 19 800 adults from Germany. Methods This study included patients diagnosed for the first time with CFS in one of 1238 general practices in Germany between 2010 and 2017 (index date). Controls without CFS were matched (1:1) to cases with CFS by sex, age, index year, and practice. Physical and psychiatric conditions diagnosed in the year prior to the index date were included if they were present in at least 3% of patients with CFS. Associations between physical and psychiatric conditions (33 potential independent variables) and CFS (dependent variable) were analyzed in an adjusted conditional logistic regression model, and physical and psychiatric disorders were included in the model using forward stepwise selection. Results This study included 9896 cases with CFS and 9896 controls without CFS [65.1% women; mean (standard deviation) age 49.5 (18.3) years]. Seven conditions were associated with CFS in the adjusted regression model. The disorders displaying the strongest relationship with CFS were cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 2.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.24–2.95], sleep disorders (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.66–2.12) and depression (OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.61–1.95). Conclusions Cancer, sleep disorders, and depression were strongly and positively associated with CFS. Additional studies are needed to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these relationships.

scholarly journals Red blood cell membrane trans fatty acid levels and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a prospective nested case–control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 1576-1583
Author(s):  
Andres V Ardisson Korat ◽  
Yu-Han Chiu ◽  
Kimberly A Bertrand ◽  
Shumin Zhang ◽  
Mara M Epstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Rbc Membrane ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT Background Trans fatty acid (TFA) intake persists in much of the world, posing ongoing threats to public health that warrant further elucidation. Published evidence suggests a positive association of self-reported TFA intake with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk. Objectives To confirm those reports, we conducted a prospective study of prediagnosis RBC membrane TFA levels and risk of NHL and common NHL histologic subtypes. Methods We conducted a nested case–control study in Nurses’ Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study participants with archived RBC specimens and no history of cancer at blood draw (1989–1090 and 1994–1995, respectively). We confirmed 583 incident NHL cases (332 women and 251 men) and individually matched 583 controls on cohort (sex), age, race, and blood draw date/time. We analyzed RBC membrane TFA using GLC (in 2013–2014) and expressed individual TFA levels as a percentage of total fatty acids. We used unconditional logistic regression adjusted for the matching factors to estimate ORs and 95% CIs for overall NHL risk per 1 SD increase in TFA level and assessed histologic subtype-specific associations with multivariable polytomous logistic regression. Results Total and individual TFA levels were not associated with risk of all NHL or most subtypes. We observed a positive association of total TFA levels with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) risk [n = 98 cases; OR (95% CI) per 1 SD increase: 1.30 (1.05, 1.61); P = 0.015], driven by trans 18:1n–9(ω-9)/elaidic acid [OR (95% CI): 1.34 (1.08, 1.66); P = 0.007], trans 18:1n–7/vaccenic acid [OR (95% CI): 1.28 (1.04, 1.58); P = 0.023], and trans 18:2n–6t,t [OR (95% CI): 1.26 (1.01, 1.57); P = 0.037]. Conclusions Our findings extended evidence for TFA intake and DLBCL risk but not for other NHL subtypes. Reduced TFA consumption through dietary choices or health policy measures may support prevention of DLBCL, an aggressive NHL subtype.

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