scholarly journals Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Gene-Environment Interactions, Predictive Biomarkers, and the Relationship Between Structural Alterations in the Brain and Functional Outcomes

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
James N. Reynolds ◽  
Joanne Weinberg ◽  
Sterling Clarren ◽  
Christian Beaulieu ◽  
Carmen Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Structural Alterations ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum ◽  
The Brain

Knowing, Valuing and Acting: Relationships between information, attitudes and drinking during pregnancy / Saber, Valorar y Actuar: Relaciones entre información, actitudes y consumo de alcohol durante la gestación

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Beatriz López
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum

El consumo de alcohol durante la gestación puede dar lugar a distintos problemas de diferentes niveles de severidad, englobados en la expresión Trastornos del Espectro Alcohólico Fetal. Hasta el momento no ha podido determinarse una dosis de alcohol segura durante la gestación, por lo cual la recomendación de distintos organismos nacionales e internacionales es la abstinencia. Sin embargo, la evidencia señala que aunque muchas mujeres tiene conocimiento de que el alcohol puede alterar el desarrollo del feto, la mayoría piensa que algún consumo durante la gestación es aceptable. A través de este estudio buscamos contribuir a la comprensión de las relaciones entre información, actitudes y consumo durante la gestación. Para ello, analizamos entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a mujeres puérperas en Argentina (n=641). El 70,4% de las mujeres manifestó haber recibido alguna información sobre un potencial efecto adverso del consumo de alcohol durante la gestación, pero pocas de ellas poseían información precisa y sólo el 6,1% mencionó a un profesional de la salud como fuente. La información y las actitudes se encontraron fuertemente vinculadas. Las actitudes se asociaron de modo significativo al consumo de alguna cantidad de alcohol durante la gestación y al consumo excesivo episódico durante ese período. AbstractDrinking alcohol during pregnancy can lead to different problems with different levels of severity, encompassed by the term Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Considering that a safe dose of alcohol during pregnancy has not been determined, the official recommendation of various national and international organizations is abstinence. However, the evidence indicates that although many women are aware that alcohol can alter fetal development, most of them believe that some consumption during pregnancy is acceptable. Through this study, we intend to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and drinking during pregnancy. To achieve this, we analyze semi structured interviews carried on with puerperal women in Argentina (n = 641). 70.4% of women reported having received some information about a potential adverse effect of alcohol consumption during pregnancy, but few of them had accurate information and only 6.1% mentioned a health professional as source. Information and attitudes were strongly linked. Attitudes were significantly associated to some alcohol consumption during pregnancy and to binge drinking during that period.

scholarly journals Zebrafish as a Model for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amena Alsakran ◽  
Tetsuhiro Kudoh
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Neuronal Development ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Craniofacial Abnormalities ◽  
Gastrula Stage ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum ◽  
The Brain

In this review, we will discuss zebrafish as a model for studying mechanisms of human fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). We will overview the studies on FASDs so far and will discuss with specific focus on the mechanisms by which alcohol alters cell migration during the early embryogenesis including blastula, gastrula, and organogenesis stages which later cause morphological defects in the brain and other tissues. FASDs are caused by an elevated alcohol level in the pregnant mother’s body. The symptoms of FASDs include microcephaly, holoprosencephaly, craniofacial abnormalities, and cardiac defects with birth defect in severe cases, and in milder cases, the symptoms lead to developmental and learning disabilities. The transparent zebrafish embryo offers an ideal model system to investigate the genetic, cellular, and organismal responses to alcohol. In the zebrafish, the effects of alcohol were observed in many places during the embryo development from the stem cell gene expression at the blastula/gastrula stage, gastrulation cell movement, morphogenesis of the central nervous system, and neuronal development. The data revealed that ethanol suppresses convergence, extension, and epiboly cell movement at the gastrula stage and cause the failure of normal neural plate formation. Subsequently, other cell movements including neurulation, eye field morphogenesis, and neural crest migration are also suppressed, leading to the malformation of the brain and spinal cord, including microcephaly, cyclopia, spinal bifida, and craniofacial abnormalities. The testing cell migration in zebrafish would provide convenient biomarkers for the toxicity of alcohol and other related chemicals, and investigate the molecular link between the target signaling pathways, following brain development.

Interventions for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Transitioning Science to Community Projects

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary J. O'Connor ◽  
Evy Lowe ◽  
Susan Hall-Marley ◽  
Elizabeth A. Laugeson ◽  
Kathleen Welch-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Community Projects ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum
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