scholarly journals TiO2 alterations with natural aging: Unveiling the role of nitric acid on NIR reflectance

2016 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 791-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Paolini ◽  
Mohamad Sleiman ◽  
MariaPia Pedeferri ◽  
Maria Vittoria Diamanti
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Natural Aging

The role of oxidizing radicals in neptunium speciation in γ-irradiated nitric acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 296 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce J. Mincher ◽  
Martin Precek ◽  
Stephen P. Mezyk ◽  
Leigh R. Martin ◽  
Alena Paulenova
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid

The role of vanadium(V) in the oxidation of cyclohexanol to adipic acid by nitric acid

1985 ◽  
pp. 1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Lindsay Smith ◽  
D. I. Richards ◽  
C. B. Thomas ◽  
M. Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Adipic Acid

Role of Glycosidic Aroma Precursors on the odorant profiles of Grenache noir and Syrah Wines from the Rhone valley. Part 1: sensory study

OENO One ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Marie A. Segurel ◽  
Raymond L. Baumes ◽  
Christine Riou ◽  
Alain Razungles
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sensory Study ◽  
Trained Panel ◽  
Aroma Precursors ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Rhone Valley ◽  
The Impact

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the impact of the volatile compounds, arising from glycosidic precursors contained in the berries of Vitis vinifera L.cv Syrah and Grenache noir varieties, on wine aromas from these varieties.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: The sensory analysis was used to compare Grenache noir and Syrah wines. The role played by the glycosidic precursors on the future odorant profile of the wines from both varieties was demonstrated in an experiment by increasing their natural content in glycosides. Then, odorant compounds were generated by aging treatments, heating at 45 °C for 3 weeks, preceded or not by enzyme addition, or natural aging for 18 months. The wines were then submitted to a selected and trained panel. Samples were compared using triangular test. Furthermore, a quantitative descriptive analysis was carried out to determine the aroma attributes describing and discriminating the wines from the two varieties.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The glycoconjugates increased the global aromatic complexity, and enhanced the fruity aromas in Grenache wines and the leather or olive aromas in Syrah wines. The use of glycosidase enzymes led to a stewed fruit character in Grenache wines, whereas in Syrah wines, the samples enriched with glycosides differed according to the « terroir ».</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of study</strong>: This study showed the impact of the glycosidic fraction of the grapes on the varietal aroma of wines. Furthermore, comparisons of the results obtained by both aging techniques highlight the experimental interest of the aging model but also its limits.</p>

scholarly journals Nitric acid partitioning in cirrus clouds: the role of aerosol particles and relative humidity

Tellus B ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Krämer ◽  
C. Schiller ◽  
H. Ziereis ◽  
J. Ovarlez ◽  
H. Bunz
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Cirrus Clouds

scholarly journals The role of ice in N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> heterogeneous hydrolysis at high latitudes

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12595-12624 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Apodaca ◽  
D. M. Huff ◽  
W. R. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Reactive Surfaces

Abstract. We report evidence for ice catalyzing N2O5 heterogeneous hydrolysis from a study conducted near Fairbanks, AK in November 2007. Mixing ratios of N2O5, NO, NO2, and ozone are reported and are used to determine steady state N2O5 lifetimes. When air masses are sub-saturated with respect to ice, the data show longer lifetimes (≈20 min) and elevated N2O5 levels, while ice-saturated air masses show shorter lifetimes (≈6 min) and suppressed N2O5 levels. We also report estimates of aerosol surface area densities that are on the order of 50 μm2/cm3, a surface area density that is insufficient to explain the rapid losses of N2O5 observed in this study, reinforcing the importance of other reactive surfaces such as ice. Ice-saturated pollution plumes are ubiquitous in high latitudes; therefore, catalysis on these surfaces is largely responsible for nocturnal processing of N2O5 leading to nitric acid production and loss of NOx in high latitude plumes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Questionnaire Data Views on the Design of Living Space for Different Situations in Life

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Brausch ◽  
Dušan Katunský ◽  
Jana Katunská
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Adaptive Environment ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Given

The role of the submission was to find out what changes people think they need to make in their home because of getting older. At advanced age, the likelihood of different limitations such as vision impairment, hearing impairment or physical inability is increased. Currently, tenants are often forced to leave their long-term living space, as these spaces cannot serve &ldquo;new&rdquo; individual needs. This transition from the privacy of their home to the new environment often appears to be a painful change. They will not have a well-known environment because their homes cannot be adapted to their new needs. The aim is a comprehensive approach to the design of such an exterior and interior space which could serve people at all stages of their life, including the terms of mobility. This means that even if there is an unexpected situation and changes in movement abilities and physiological limitations of man, not only by natural aging, but according to accidents or disabilities we can adapt the living space to the given conditions. The survey results are presented in Germany and Slovakia. In the survey, respondents expressed their opinion on what they considered important in creating an adaptive environment considering various life changes. Results are processed graphically with explanation. The results could be of an interest to architects and designers of the environment. Based on the results of the questionnaire survey, studies of possible modifications of flats and houses were developed. The contribution brought these results to three age groups of respondents; people aged 35, 50 and over 50.

scholarly journals A Method for Quantifying the Role of Carbonate Acid, Sulfuric Acid and Nitric Acid in Carbonate Weathering After Modifying the Effect of Evaporite in Qingjiang Karst Catchment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhui He ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Junwei Wan ◽  
Heng Zhao ◽  
Shiyi He
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Carbonate Rock ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Hydrodynamic Condition ◽  
Hydrochemical Modeling ◽  
Carbonate Weathering ◽  
Karst Catchment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Qingjiang river is the second largest tributary of the Yangtze River in Hubei province, it’s also a typical karst catchment. Eighty-two important groundwater samples were collected during high and low water period of 2019. The results show that: (1) The major hydrochemistry types are Ca+Mg-HCO3 and Ca-HCO3, indicate that carbonate weathering is the main source of groundwater chemistry; (2) The results of inverse hydrochemical modeling show that there are two kinds of groundwater-carbonate rock interactions. One is co-dissolution of calcite and dolomite, the other is dedolomitization, and thereinto, dedolomitization is widespread in dolomite aquifers. Furthermore, gypsum has a tendency to dissolve in each aquifer, and the common ion effect of Ca2+ caused by gypsum dissolution promotes dedolomitization. The modeling results suggest that major elements have a good traceability effect on the material source of groundwater. (3) The chemical weathering of carbonate rock is mainly affected by carbonic acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid. After modifying the impact of evaporite and atmospheric input, the calculations show that the contribution of carbonic acid involved in carbonate weathering is 70.9% (high water period) and 70.0% (low water period). Through statistics of karst springs discharge and contribution of acid involved in carbonate weathering, the two are in a positive relationship. The result can reflect the laws of sulfuric acid and nitric acid under the hydrodynamic condition in different seasons. Therefore, the carbonate weathering should be carefully evaluated in karst areas which have abundant groundwater and the role of groundwater in carbonate weathering is worthy of further study.

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