Three-dimensional simulating of concentrator photovoltaic modules using ray trace and equivalent circuit simulators

Solar Energy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Ota ◽  
Kensuke Nishioka
Keyword(s):  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Ray Trace

scholarly journals Spatial Equivalent Circuit Model for Simulation of On-Chip Thermoelectric Harvesters

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Simon Lineykin ◽  
Moshe Sitbon ◽  
Alon Kuperman
Keyword(s):  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Electrical Circuits ◽  
Thermal Transients ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
On Chip

Interest in autonomous low-power energy sources has risen with the development and widespread use of devices with very low energy consumption. Interest in thermoelectric harvesters has increased against this background. Thermoelectric harvesters, especially harvesters on-chip, have peculiar properties related to the thermal route, thermal transients, and spatial temperature distribution within the chip. A behavioral model of the harvester is required for engineers to successfully develop voltage converters with maximum power point tracking and energy storage units. There are accurate models based on the finite element method, but these models are usually not compatible with simulators of electrical circuits, and therefore are not convenient for designers. Existing equivalent circuit models fit this requirement, but usually do not consider many parameters. This article proposes an original method that allows simulating spatial thermoelectric processes by analogy with the finite difference method, using electrical circuits simulations software. The study proposes a complete methodology for building the model and examples of simulations of one-, two- and three-dimensional problems, as well as examples of simulation of macro problems in the presence of external thermal and electrical devices, such as heatsink and electrical load.

scholarly journals Modeling of electrical transport in Zinc Oxide varistors

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bavelis ◽  
E. Gjonaj ◽  
T. Weiland
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Electrical Transport ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Material Modeling ◽  
Zno Varistors ◽  
Grain Bulk ◽  
Zinc Oxide Varistors

Abstract. The electrical transport in zinc oxide (ZnO) varistors is analyzed using microstructural material modeling. The fully three dimensional current distribution is computed by means of a nonlinear equivalent circuit model representing the assembly of current carrying grains and grain boundaries of the material. The investigation focuses on the phenomenon of current filamentation due to inhomogeneities of the varistor microstructure. Numerical results highlight the importance of 3-D percolation effects in the modeling of varistor currents as well as that of the grain bulk resistivity which so far has been neglected in previous studies.

Modeling the impact of wide-azimuth acquisition on subsalt imaging

Geophysics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. SM241-SM250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce J. VerWest ◽  
Dechun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
3D Surface ◽  
Seismic Image ◽  
Ray Trace ◽  
Subsalt Imaging ◽  
Multiple Elimination ◽  
The Impact

Wide-azimuth towed streamer (WATS) acquisition improves the subsalt seismic image by suppressing multiples, improves the results of 3D surface-related-multiple elimination (SRME) processing, and provides more uniform seismic illumination of subsalt targets. A simple model shows that the additional suppression of multiples in the case of WATS acquisition is the result of a natural weighting of the traces going into the stack due to the areal nature of the acquisition. This simple model also shows that the extent of the additional multiple suppression is strongly dependent on the acquisition effort. A sparse acquisition effort will result in little additional multiple suppression. The use of 3D SRME processing is shown to be more accurate in predicting multiples, given input data with multiple azimuths, compared to making similar predictions from narrow-azimuth data. Three-dimensional SRME has the potential to reduce the residual multiples to the same extent as WATS acquisition with a higher acquisition effort. A complex model demonstrates that WATS acquisition does reduce the multiple-generated noise in subsalt images, but 3D SRME processing further reduces the residual multiple noise. The use of 3D SRME may reduce the multiples more than that achieved by increasing the cable half-aperture in the WATS acquisition effort. Finally, ray trace modeling is used to investigate the effect of WATS acquisition on subsurface illumination for subsalt imaging. We show that narrow-azimuth acquisition produces irregularities in subsalt illumination perpendicular to the acquisition direction which are a potential cause of migration noise. WATS acquisition results in higher and more uniform subsalt illumination and, hence, improves the subsalt image by reducing subsalt migration noise.

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