Distal muscle activity alterations during the stance phase of gait in restless leg syndrome (RLS) patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Chloe Dafkin ◽  
Andrew Green ◽  
Benita Olivier ◽  
Warrick McKinon ◽  
Samantha Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Restless Leg Syndrome ◽  
Distal Muscle

scholarly journals Ankle Muscle Activations during Different Foot-Strike Patterns in Running

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3422
Author(s):  
Jian-Zhi Lin ◽  
Wen-Yu Chiu ◽  
Wei-Hsun Tai ◽  
Yu-Xiang Hong ◽  
Chung-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Ankle Muscle ◽  
Foot Strike ◽  
Muscle Activations

This study analysed the landing performance and muscle activity of athletes in forefoot strike (FFS) and rearfoot strike (RFS) patterns. Ten male college participants were asked to perform two foot strikes patterns, each at a running speed of 6 km/h. Three inertial sensors and five EMG sensors as well as one 24 G accelerometer were synchronised to acquire joint kinematics parameters as well as muscle activation, respectively. In both the FFS and RFS patterns, according to the intraclass correlation coefficient, excellent reliability was found for landing performance and muscle activation. Paired t tests indicated significantly higher ankle plantar flexion in the FFS pattern. Moreover, biceps femoris (BF) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) activation increased in the pre-stance phase of the FFS compared with that of RFS. The FFS pattern had significantly decreased tibialis anterior (TA) muscle activity compared with the RFS pattern during the pre-stance phase. The results demonstrated that the ankle strategy focused on controlling the foot strike pattern. The influence of the FFS pattern on muscle activity likely indicates that an athlete can increase both BF and GM muscles activity. Altered landing strategy in cases of FFS pattern may contribute both to the running efficiency and muscle activation of the lower extremity. Therefore, neuromuscular training and education are required to enable activation in dynamic running tasks.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal distribution of location and object effects in the electromyographic activity of upper extremity muscles during reach-to-grasp

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 3238-3248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam G. Rouse ◽  
Marc H. Schieber
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Proximal Muscle ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Distal Muscle ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Later Phase

In reaching to grasp an object, proximal muscles that act on the shoulder and elbow classically have been viewed as transporting the hand to the intended location, while distal muscles that act on the fingers simultaneously shape the hand to grasp the object. Prior studies of electromyographic (EMG) activity in upper extremity muscles therefore have focused, by and large, either on proximal muscle activity during reaching to different locations or on distal muscle activity as the subject grasps various objects. Here, we examined the EMG activity of muscles from the shoulder to the hand, as monkeys reached and grasped in a task that dissociated location and object. We quantified the extent to which variation in the EMG activity of each muscle depended on location, on object, and on their interaction—all as a function of time. Although EMG variation depended on both location and object beginning early in the movement, an early phase of substantial location effects in muscles from proximal to distal was followed by a later phase in which object effects predominated throughout the extremity. Interaction effects remained relatively small. Our findings indicate that neural control of reach-to-grasp may occur largely in two sequential phases: the first, serving to project the entire upper extremity toward the intended location, and the second, acting predominantly to shape the entire extremity for grasping the object.

Lack of On-Going Adaptations in the Soleus Muscle Activity During Walking in Patients Affected by Large-Fiber Neuropathy

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 3075-3085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazarena Mazzaro ◽  
Michael J. Grey ◽  
Thomas Sinkjær ◽  
Jacob Buus Andersen ◽  
Davide Pareyson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
Human Walking ◽  
Slow Velocity ◽  
Sensory Fibers

The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of feedback from large-diameter sensory fibers to the adaptation of soleus muscle activity after small ankle trajectory modifications during human walking. Small-amplitude and slow-velocity ankle dorsiflexion enhancements and reductions were applied during the stance phase of the gait cycle to mimic the normal variability of the ankle trajectory during walking. Patients with demyelination of large sensory fibers (Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A and antibodies to myelin-associated glycoprotein neuropathy) and age-matched controls participated in this study. The patients had absent light-touch sense in the toes and feet and absent quadriceps and Achilles tendon reflexes, indicating functional loss of large sensory fibers. Moreover, their soleus stretch reflex response consisted of a single electromyographic (EMG) burst with delayed onset and longer duration ( P < 0.01) than the short- and medium-latency reflex responses observed in healthy subjects. In healthy subjects, the soleus EMG gradually increased or decreased when the ankle dorsiflexion was, respectively, enhanced or reduced. In the patients, the soleus EMG increased during the dorsiflexion enhancements; however, the velocity sensitivity of this response was decreased compared with the healthy volunteers. When the dorsiflexion was reduced, the soleus EMG was unchanged. These results indicate that the enhancement of the soleus EMG is mainly sensitive to feedback from primary and secondary muscle spindle afferents and that the reduction may be mediated by feedback from the group Ib pathways. This study provides evidence for the role of sensory feedback in the continuous adaptation of the soleus activity during the stance phase of human walking.

INFLUENCE OF GENDER ON GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE ACTIVITY DURING THE STANCE PHASE OF GAIT

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250011
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Abelew ◽  
Brian J. Cuda ◽  
Jonathan E. Koontz ◽  
Julia C. Stell ◽  
Marie A. Johanson
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ankle Kinematics ◽  
Stance Time ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscles

Purpose: Differences in muscle activity have been observed between men and women in numerous lower extremity muscles in a variety of activities. These differences may be related to observed differences in the incidence of injuries between men and women. The purpose of this work is to determine if gender had an effect on the activity of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles during the early part of the stance phase of gait. Method: An observational cohort study was set up using sixteen volunteers (9 men and 7 women, mean age = 27 years) with less than 5° of passive ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion. Maximum dorsiflexion, maximum knee flexion, stance time and EMG magnitude were measured for both men and women during early stance (heel strike to heel off). Results: EMG amplitude of the LG muscle in women was significantly higher than that of men. No significant differences were observed between men and women for maximum dorsiflexion, maximum knee flexion or stance time. Conclusions: A gender difference in gastrocnemius muscle EMG magnitude exists that is independent of knee and ankle kinematics and walking speed.

The Efficacy of Two Methods of Ankle Immobilization in Reducing Gastrocnemius, Soleus, and Peroneal Muscle Activity during Stance Phase of Gait

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 406-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Kadel ◽  
Ava Segal ◽  
Michael Orendurff ◽  
Jane Shofer ◽  
Bruce Sangeorzan
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Stance Phase

scholarly journals Correlation between cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost and lower-limb muscle activity during inclined treadmill gait in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihye Kim ◽  
Hwang-Jae Lee ◽  
Su-Hyun Lee ◽  
Jungsoo Lee ◽  
Won Hyuk Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Increased Activity

Abstract Background Inclined walking requires more cardiopulmonary metabolic energy and muscle strength than flat-level walking. This study sought to investigate changes in lower-limb muscle activity and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost during treadmill walking with different inclination grades and to discern any correlation between these two measures in older adults. Methods Twenty-four healthy older adults (n = 11 males; mean age: 75.3 ± 4.0 years) participated. All participants walked on a treadmill that was randomly inclined at 0% (condition 1), 10% (condition 2), and 16% (condition 3) for five minutes each. Simultaneous measurements of lower-limb muscle activity and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost during inclined treadmill walking were collected. Measured muscles included the rectus abdominis (RA), erector spinae (ES), rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), vastus medialis (VM), tibialis anterior (TA), medial head of the gastrocnemius (GCM), and soleus (SOL) muscles on the right side. Results As compared with 0% inclined treadmill gait, the 10% inclined treadmill gait increased the net cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost by 22.9%, while the 16% inclined treadmill gait increased the net cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost by 44.2%. In the stance phase, as the slope increased, activity was significantly increased in the RA, RF, VM, BF, GCM, and SOL muscles. In the swing phase, As the slope increased activity was significantly increased in the RA, RF, VM, BF, and TA muscles. SOL muscle activity was most relevant to the change in cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost in the stance phase of inclined treadmill walking. The relationship between the increase in cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost and changes in muscle activity was also significant in the VM, GCM, and RF. Conclusion This study demonstrated that changes in SOL, VM, GCM, and RA muscle activity had a significant relationship with cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost increment during inclined treadmill walking. These results can be used as basic data for various gait-training programs and as an indicator in the development of assistive algorithms of wearable walking robots for older adults. Trial registration Clinical trials registration information: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04614857 (05/11/2020).

Ramp Angle, Not Plateau Height, Influences Transition Strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-453
Author(s):  
Riley C. Sheehan ◽  
Jinger S. Gottschall
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Final Surface ◽  
Impact Peak ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Transition Strategies ◽  
Active Peak ◽  
Main Effects

In a previous study, we found that participants modified how they transitioned onto and off of ramp configurations depending upon the incline. While the transition strategies were originally attributed to ramp angles, it is possible that the plateau influenced the strategies since the final surface height also differed. Ultimately, for the current study, we hypothesized that an individual’s transition strategies would have significant main effects for ramp angle, but not plateau height. Twelve healthy, young adults transitioned onto 3 distinct ramp configurations, a 2.4-m ramp angled at 12.5° ending at a plateau height of 53 cm, a 1.2-m ramp angled at 23.5° ending at a plateau height of 53 cm, and a 2.4-m ramp angled at 23.5° ending at a plateau height of 99.5 cm. Kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity were measured during the stance phase before contacting the ramp. In support of our hypothesis, impact peak, active peak, and all of the muscle activity variables had a significant main effect for ramp angle, with greater vertical force peaks and muscle activity on steeper ramp transitions. These findings support our previous interpretation that individuals use estimations of ramp angle, not plateau height, to determine their transition strategies.

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