Understanding nitrate uptake, signaling and remobilisation for improving plant nitrogen use efficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surya Kant
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrate Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Use Efficiency

A computational history and outlook of nitrogen use efficiency and precipitation-optimal fertilisation timings in agriculture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel McKay Flecher ◽  
Siul Ruiz ◽  
Tiago Dias ◽  
Katherine Williams ◽  
Chiara Petroselli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilisation ◽  
Plant Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Rainfall Patterns

<p>Half of the nitrogen applied to arable-fields is lost through several processes linked to soil moisture. Low soil moisture limits nitrogen mobility reducing nitrogen-uptake while wetter conditions can increase nitrogen leaching. Rainfall ultimately governs soil moisture and the fate of nitrogen in soil. However, the interaction between rainfall and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) remains poorly understood.</p> <p>We developed a field-scale modelling platform that describes coupled water and nitrogen transport, root growth and uptake, rainfall, the nitrogen-cycle and leaching to assess the NUE of split fertilisations with realistic rainfall patterns. The model was solved for every possible split fertilisation timing in 200+ growing seasons to determine optimal timings. Two previous field trials regarding rainfall and NUE had contrasting results: wetter years have enhanced fertiliser loss and drier years reduced plant nitrogen uptake. By choosing appropriate fertilisation timings in the model we could recreate the two contrasting trends and maintain variability in the data. However, we found by choosing other fertilisation timings we could mitigate the leaching in wetter years. Optimised timings could increase plant nitrogen uptake by up to 35% compared to the mean in dry years. Plant uptake was greatest under drier conditions due to mitigated leaching, but less likely to occur due to low nitrogen mobility. Optimal fertilisation timings varied dramatically depending on the rainfall patterns. Historic and projected rainfall patterns from 1950-2069 were used in the model. We found optimal NUE has a decrease from 2022-2040 due to increased heavy rainfall events and optimal fertilisation timings are later in the season but varied largely on a season-to-season basis.</p> <p>The results are a step towards achieving improved nitrogen efficiency in agriculture by using the ‘at the right time’ agronomic-strategy in the ‘4Rs’ of improved nitrogen fertilisation. Our results can help determine nitrogen fertilisation timings in changing climates.</p>

Nitrogen use efficiency of different slurry management in the pre-alpine grassland region – a 15N tracing experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Zistl-Schlingmann ◽  
Steve Kwatcho-Kengdo ◽  
Mirella Schreiber ◽  
Bernd Berauer ◽  
Anke Jentsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Cattle Slurry ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Total N ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Use Efficiency

<p>Grasslands of the alpine and pre-alpine region do not only sustain economic soil functions such as fodder production for local dairy and cattle farming but also important ecological soil functions such as water and nutrient retention, erosion and flood protection and habitat provision for extraordinarily high plant and animal biodiversity. The current management in the more intensively used grasslands in this region is based on fertilization with liquid cattle slurry, which is assumed to be prone to high N leaching and gaseous N emissions with their undesired consequences for soil, air and water quality.</p><p>In order to assess the nitrogen use efficiency and trade-offs such as greenhouse gas emissions and nitrate leaching of liquid slurry surface application under the auspices of climate change, we set up a <sup>15</sup>N cattle slurry labeling experiment, combined with a space for time climate change experiment using plant-soil mesocosms and lysimeters. The <sup>15</sup>N signal was traced in the plant-soil-microbe system for an entire year to assess productivity, plant nitrogen use efficiency, soil nitrogen retention and nitrogen losses. We found surprisingly low plant nitrogen use efficiency (recovery of less than ¼ of the applied <sup>15</sup>N in harvested plant biomass), soil N retention (ca ¼ <sup>15</sup>N recovery) and high environmental N losses (ca ½ of the <sup>15</sup>N tracer remained unrecovered). The estimates of N losses based on unrecovered <sup>15</sup>N were in good agreement with independent measurements of gaseous and hydrological N losses. Due to very high productivity and associated N exports with grass harvests, total N exports exceeded total N inputs. Such soil nitrogen mining was especially pronounced in the climate change treatments and was supported by increased soil nitrogen mineralization.</p><p>We also tested alternative slurry management (slurry injection into the soil, slurry acidification) that is supposed to increase nitrogen use efficiency. Slurry acidification but not slurry injection slightly increased plant nitrogen use efficiency and reduced nitrogen losses, however could overall not prevent significant soil nitrogen mining.</p><p>Consequently, both surface application and the more modern techniques of liquid cattle slurry fertilization showed low nitrogen use efficiency and promoted soil nitrogen mining. This is asking for a re-consideration of traditional fertilization regimes based on solid manure mixed with straw, a management that over historical timescales likely contributed to the build up of the large nitrogen stocks in pre-alpine grassland soils.</p>

scholarly journals Natural variation of nitrate uptake and nitrogen use efficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana cultivated with limiting and ample nitrogen supply

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2293-2302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Chardon ◽  
Julien Barthélémy ◽  
Françoise Daniel-Vedele ◽  
Céline Masclaux-Daubresse
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Natural Variation ◽  
Nitrate Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Members of BTB gene family regulate negatively nitrate uptake and nitrogen use efficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa

2016 ◽  
pp. pp.01731.2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Araus ◽  
Elena A Vidal ◽  
Tomas Puelma ◽  
Simon Alamos ◽  
Delphine Mieulet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrate Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Ectopic expression of a grape nitrate transporter VvNPF6.5 improves nitrate content and nitrogen use efficiency in Arabidopsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yani He ◽  
Xiaojun Xi ◽  
Qian Zha ◽  
Yuting Lu ◽  
Aili Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrate Uptake ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Nitrate Transporter ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Ph Dependent ◽  
Nitrate Response

Abstract Background Nitrate plays an important role in grapevines vegetative and reproductive development. However, how grapevines uptake, translocate and utilize nitrate and the molecular mechanism still remains to be investigated. Results In this study, we report the functional characterization of VvNPF6.5, a member of nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family (NRT1/PTR/NPF) in Vitis vinifera. Subcellular localization in Arabidopsis protoplasts indicated that VvNPF6.5 is plasma membrane localized. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated that VvNPF6.5 is expressed predominantly in roots and stems and its expression is rapidly induced by nitrate. Functional characterization using cRNA-injected Xenopus laevis oocytes showed that VvNPF6.5 uptake nitrate in a pH dependent way and function as a dual-affinity nitrate transporter involved in both high- and low-affinity nitrate uptake. Further ectopic expression of VvNPF6.5 in Arabidopsis resulted in more 15NO3− accumulation in shoots and roots and significantly improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Moreover, VvNPF6.5 might participate in the nitrate signaling by positively regulating the expression of primary nitrate response genes. Conclusion Our results suggested that VvNPF6.5 encodes a pH-dependent, dual-affinity nitrate transporter. VvNPF6.5 regulates nitrate uptake and allocation in grapevines and is involved in primary nitrate response.

Broccoli growth in response to increasing rates of pre-plant nitrogen. II. Dry matter and nitrogen accumulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Bakker ◽  
C. J. Swanton ◽  
A. W. McKeown
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Nitrogen Dynamics ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Tissue Nitrogen

An understanding of plant nitrogen accumulation and soil nitrogen dynamics is needed to develop management practices that balance nitrogen requirements of vegetable crops with environmental protection. Field trials were conducted in 2001 and 2002 to determine the interaction of increasing rates of pre-plant nitrogen fertilizer with broccoli tissue nitrogen accumulation and soil nitrogen dynamics. Broccoli cultivars Decathlon and Captain were grown with seven rates of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400 kg N ha-1) applied pre-plant as ammonium nitrate. Rate of nitrogen accumulation by the above-ground tissue biomass varied over time and among nitrogen treatments, ranging from 1 to 16 kg N ha-1 d-1. At harvest, tissue nitrogen was high, but nitrogen use efficiency was low when high rates of nitrogen were applied. Soil NO3--N content decreased from planting to harvest. At harvest, soil NO3--N increased with increasing rates of nitrogen, with the majority of NO3--N found in the top 0 to 30 cm of the soil. At 200 kg ha-1 applied nitrogen, plants recovered essentially all of the estimated available nitrogen and there appears to be little risk of nitrogen loss during the growing season. Approximately 130 kg N ha-1 was supplied by the soil during the cropping season. Soil and crop residues at harvest ranged from 96 to 330 kg N ha-1. This residual fertility poses a risk for nitrogen loss. Practical and cost-effective strategies are needed to manage residual nitrogen in the soil and crop residues to minimize loss and retain this nitrogen for subsequent crops. Key words: Brassica oleracea L. italica Plenck, nitrogen budget, nitrogen rates, nitrogen use efficiency, nutrient management

scholarly journals Biochemical and Genetic Approaches Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereal Crops: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitika Sandhu ◽  
Mehak Sethi ◽  
Aman Kumar ◽  
Devpriya Dang ◽  
Jasneet Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Crop Genetics ◽  
Challenging Environment ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient required in large quantities for the proper growth and development of plants. Nitrogen is the most limiting macronutrient for crop production in most of the world’s agricultural areas. The dynamic nature of nitrogen and its tendency to lose soil and environment systems create a unique and challenging environment for its proper management. Exploiting genetic diversity, developing nutrient efficient novel varieties with better agronomy and crop management practices combined with improved crop genetics have been significant factors behind increased crop production. In this review, we highlight the various biochemical, genetic factors and the regulatory mechanisms controlling the plant nitrogen economy necessary for reducing fertilizer cost and improving nitrogen use efficiency while maintaining an acceptable grain yield.

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