A new model of growth restriction factor for hypoeutectic aluminium alloys

2020 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 99-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Hongxiang Jiang ◽  
Jie He ◽  
Jiuzhou Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Restriction Factor ◽  
New Model ◽  
Growth Restriction Factor

Evaluating the Growth Restriction Factor in Stable and Metastable Al-Si-Ti Alloy Solidification

2011 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Artem Kozlov ◽  
Rainer Schmid Fetzer
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Restriction Factor ◽  
Ti Alloy ◽  
Alloy Solidification ◽  
Multicomponent Alloys ◽  
Growth Restriction Factor ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Primary Intermetallic Phases

Evaluation concepts for theGrowth Restriction Factor, Q, in multicomponent alloys are discussed and illustrated for ternary Al-Si-Ti alloys involving precipitation of primary intermetallic phases.

Effect of Oxygen on the β-Grain Size of Cast Titanium

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 1472-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Bermingham ◽  
Stuart D. McDonald ◽  
Matthew S. Dargusch ◽  
David H. StJohn
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Restriction Factor ◽  
Grain Refining ◽  
Grain Refiner ◽  
Growth Restriction Factor ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen

Grain refinement of titanium alloys during solidification is believed to have many benefits for processing and properties. Recent work has emphasized the importance of solute elements in grain refining cast titanium and it was demonstrated that the growth restriction factor is useful for predicting the grain refining effectiveness of solute elements in titanium. Despite oxygen being the major impurity element present in titanium alloys and having been previously identified as a theoretical growth restricting solute, its effect as a β-grain refiner is still unexplored. This paper investigates the effect of oxygen on the grain size in cast titanium alloys.

scholarly journals Monodelphis domestica as a fetal intra-cerebral inoculation model for Zika virus pathogenesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Thomas ◽  
Juan Garcia ◽  
Matthew Terry ◽  
Ileana Lozano ◽  
Susan M. Mahaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Monodelphis Domestica ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
New Model ◽  
Global Growth

ABSTRACTMonodelphis domestica, also known as the laboratory opossum, is a marsupial native to South America. At birth, these animals are developmentally equivalent to human embryos at approximately 5 weeks of gestation which, when coupled with other characteristics including the size of the animals, the development of a robust immune system during juvenile development, and the relative ease of experimental manipulation, have made M. domestica a valuable model in many areas of biomedical research. However, their suitability as models for infectious diseases, especially diseases caused by viruses such as Zika virus (ZIKV), is currently unknown. Here, we describe the replicative effects of ZIKV using a fetal intra-cerebral model of inoculation. Using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, we found that opossum embryos and fetuses are susceptible to infection by ZIKV administered intra-cerebrally, that the infection persists long term, and that the infection and viral replication consistently results in neural pathology and may occasionally result in global growth restriction. These results demonstrate the utility of M. domestica as a new animal model for investigating ZIKV infection in vivo. This new model will facilitate further inquiry into viral pathogenesis, particularly for those viruses that are neurotropic, that may require a host with the ability to support sustained viral infection, and/or that may require intra-cerebral inoculations of large numbers of embryos or fetuses.AUTHOR SUMMARYHere we show that the laboratory opossum (Monodelphis domestica) is a valuable new model for studying Zika virus pathogenesis. Newborns are at the developmental stage of 5-week human embryos. Zika virus inoculated on a single occasion into the brains of pups at the human developmental stages of 8-20 weeks post conception replicated in neuronal cells and persisted as a chronic infection until the experimental endpoint at 74-days post infection. In addition, we observed global growth restriction in one of 16 inoculated animals; global growth restriction has been observed in humans and other animal models infected with Zika virus. The results illustrate great potential for this new animal model for high throughput research on the neurological effects of Zika virus infection of embryos and fetuses.

scholarly journals On the Role of Dilute Solute Additions on Growth Restriction in Binary Copper Alloys

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 825-832
Author(s):  
M. J. Balart ◽  
F. Gao ◽  
J. B. Patel ◽  
F. Miani
Keyword(s):  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Restriction Factor ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Solute Content ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Cu Alloys ◽  
Acta Mater ◽  
Columnar Grain

AbstractThe effect of dilute solute additions on growth restriction in binary Cu alloys has been assessed at different degrees of superheat. Columnar grain length values from Northcott’s work (Northcott in J Inst Metals 62:101-136, 1938) for binary Cu alloys were plotted against the corresponding undercooling parameter (P), the reciprocal of the conventional (Qconv.) and true (Qtrue) growth restriction factor (Schmid-Fetzer and Kozlov in Acta Mater 59(15):6133-6144, 2011) values. It was found that there was no correlation between the columnar grain length values and P, 1/Qconv. and 1/Qtrue values for different solutes and cast at the same degree of superheat. Unlike P, Qconv., and Qtrue values, the heuristic growth restriction parameter (β) (Fan et al. in Acta Mater 152, 248-257, 2018) modeling framework in conjunction with the critical solute content (C*) for growth restriction fitted well to binary Cu alloys.

Cauterization of Meso-ovarian Vessels, a New Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Rats

Placenta ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 761-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Camprubí ◽  
Á. Ortega ◽  
A. Balaguer ◽  
I. Iglesias ◽  
M. Girabent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
New Model ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Effects of zinc, lithium, and indium on the grain size of magnesium

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1722-1729 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Becerra ◽  
M. Pekguleryuz
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Binary System ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Binary Alloys ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Restriction Factor ◽  
Copper Mold ◽  
Quaternary Alloys ◽  
Zn Alloys

The grain size of magnesium solid-solution alloys with lithium, indium, and/or zinc has been determined. Lithium, indium, and zinc additions decreased the grain size, D, of magnesium solid-solution alloys cast in a copper mold. The most effective grain refinement was obtained by zinc. In binary Mg–Zn alloys, grain size is related to the growth restriction factor, Q as D = 94 + 312/Q. In Mg–Li and Mg–In binary alloys, grain size versus growth relationships described as D = a + b/Q indicated that these alloys have lower numbers of nucleants but with higher potency than the Mg–Zn binary system. For Mg–Li and especially Mg–In, grain size could be related to growth restriction as D = 383Q−n with higher R2. Ternary and quaternary alloys based on Mg–Zn with Li and/or In additions also follow the D = a + b/Q relationship with the parameters indicating a larger number of lower potency nucleants than the Mg–Zn binary alloys. Electron probe microanalysis showed that Mg–Zn alloys exhibit pronounced and persistent grain-boundary enrichment of Zn, pointing toward Scheil solidification.

scholarly journals Crossing mice deficient in eNOS with placental-specific Igf2 knockout mice: A new model of fetal growth restriction

Placenta ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1052-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Dilworth ◽  
L.C. Kusinski ◽  
B.C. Baker ◽  
L.J. Renshall ◽  
P.N. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
New Model
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