Highly stretchable kirigami metallic glass structures with ultra-small strain energy loss

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.H. Chen ◽  
K.C. Chan ◽  
T.M. Yue ◽  
F.F. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Glass ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Highly Stretchable ◽  
Strain Energy Loss

Study on Evaluation Method of Corroded Reinforcing Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 1184-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zi Zhang ◽  
Ying Fang Fan ◽  
Hong Nan Li ◽  
Xue Nan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Reinforcing Bars ◽  
Reinforcing Bar ◽  
Important Index ◽  
Steel Bars ◽  
Strain Energy Loss

Corrosion ratio is an important index to study the mechanical deteriorates of the steel bars, which has a significant effect to evaluate the residual bearing capacity of reinforced concrete structures. To investigate the mechanical properties of the corroded steel bars, Strain energy loss as corrosion ratio is firstly proposed. Tensile test are conducted on ribbed and plain steels, which are corroded by acceleration corrosion method. Comparing with the weight loss and cross-section loss to describe the effect of corrosion of reinforcing bar, the strain energy loss of reinforcing bars is calculated by Simpson quadrature. Results from this paper and other researchers’ test suggest that the strain energy loss may be a better parameter than weight loss or section loss which to assess the corroded steel bars.

Strain Energy as a Criterion for Stress Softening in Carbon-Black-Filled Vulcanizates

1966 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Dannenberg ◽  
J. J. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Energy Input ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Initial Strain ◽  
Stress Softening ◽  
Strain Energy Loss

Abstract Stress softening of vulcanizates of SBR 1500 containing different blacks possessing the same “structure” but varying in surface activity, and effects of different black loadings, of black structure levels, and of particle size, were investigated. It was concluded: 1. Strain-energy loss can be used as a quantitative measure of stress softening, and initial strain-energy input as a measure of prestress severity. 2. The effects of carbon black and polymer variables can be normalized in a single general relationship by plotting per cent strain-energy loss as a function of initial strain-energy input for filled vulcanizates. 3. With the exception of natural rubber, gum vulcanizates studied showed no stress softening. The stress softening of natural rubber gum vulcanizates is attributed mainly to stress-crystallization. 4. Stress-softening of filled vulcanizates is not a completely reversible process. Rates of stress recovery are reasonably rapid. 5. The degree of stress softening can be predicted from the initial stress—strain curve, the prestress severity desired, and the general correlation based on strain-energy considerations found in this study. 6. Prestressing reduces abrasion resistance as measured in the laboratory.

Finite Element Formulation for Dynamic Analysis of Planar Flexible Beams With Finite Rotations

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Iura
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Special Technique ◽  
Element Formulation ◽  
Rotating Frame ◽  
Flexible Beams ◽  
Finite Rotations

Abstract An efficient formulation for dynamic analysis of planar Timoshenko’s beam with finite rotations is presented. Both an inertial frame and a rotating frame are introduced to simplify computational manipulation. The kinetic energy of the system is obtained by using the inertial frame so that it takes a quadratic uncoupled form. The rotating frame together with the small strain assumption is employed to derive the strain energy of the system. Since the exact solutions for linear static theory of Timoshenko’s beam are employed to obtain the strain energy, the present stiffness operator is free from the shear locking without using any special technique. Nonlinear effects appear only in the transformation of displacement components between global and local coordinates. This results in a drastic simplification of nonlinear dynamic analysis of flexible beams. Numerical examples, including a planar mechanism, demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the present formulation.

On the Small Strain Behavior of Peroxide Crosslinked Natural Rubber

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory B. McKenna ◽  
Louis J. Zapas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Density Function ◽  
Strain Energy Density ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Scaling Law ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Constant Length ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Small Strains ◽  
Strain Energy Density Function

Abstract Torque and normal force measurements on a cylinder subjected to torsion at constant length were used to study the behavior of NR crosslinked with 5 phr dicumyl peroxide. The derivatives of the strain-energy density function ∂W/∂I1 and ∂W/∂I2 were calculated from the data using the scaling law of Penn and Kearsley. The new results extend the limit of small strains at which the strain-energy density function derivatives have been measured to γ<0.005 and further confirm our previous results that for peroxide-crosslinked NR, ∂W/∂I2 does not become negative at small strain, contrary to several reports in the literature. Reduced stress was determined for the rubber by using the approach of Kearsley and Zapas to calculate the derivative w′(λ) of the Valanis-Landel form of the strain energy function. The results were compared with the measured values for reduced stress in tension and compression at small strains. While the deviation between the predictions and the experimental behavior do not exceed 6%, the characters of the calculated and measured reduced stress plots are different. The measurements in torsion were not obtained at small enough strains to enable direct comparison with the extension/compression behavior at |ε|<0.002. Extrapolation of the results did not produce the anomalous cusp observed in the reduced stress for 0.998<1/λ<1.002 which was reported in our previous study. The fact that torsional data do not show the cusp offers support to the Kearsley suggestion that at these extremely small deformations, rubber compressibility may play an important role in the stress-strain behavior. This could also explain the apparent discrepancy between the predicted Valanis-Landel behavior and the observed behavior. Future work involving higher precision experiments is required to resolve the matter.

Physical modelling of tire wear for the analysis of the influence of thermal and frictional effects on vehicle performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Farroni ◽  
A Sakhnevych ◽  
F Timpone
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Physical Modelling ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Tire Wear ◽  
Road Friction ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
Strain Energy Loss

The tire and vehicle setup definition, able to optimise grip performance and thermal working conditions, can make the real difference as for motorsport racing teams, used to deal with relevant wear and degradation phenomena, as for tire makers, requesting for design solutions aimed to obtain enduring and stable tread characteristics, as finally for the development of safety systems, conceived in order to maximise road friction, both for worn and unworn tires. The activity discussed in the paper deals with the analysis of the effects that tire wear induces in vehicle performance, in particular as concerns the consequences that tread removal has on thermal and frictional tire behaviour. The physical modelling of complex tire–road interaction phenomena and the employment of specific simulation tools developed by the Vehicle Dynamics UniNa research group allow to predict the tire temperature local distribution by means of TRT model and the adhesive and hysteretic components of friction, thanks to GrETA model. The cooperation between the cited instruments enables the user to study the modifications that a reduced tread thickness, and consequently a decreased SEL (Strain Energy Loss) and dissipative tread volume, cause on the overall vehicle dynamic performance.

scholarly journals Planar cubic G1 interpolatory splines with small strain energy

2011 ◽  
Vol 235 (8) ◽  
pp. 2758-2765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gašper Jaklič ◽  
Emil Žagar
Keyword(s):  
Strain Energy ◽  
Small Strain

Hermite and Lagrange interpolation in ℝd by G1 cubic splines with small strain energy

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gašper Jaklic ◽  
Tadej Kanduc
Keyword(s):  
Lagrange Interpolation ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Cubic Splines

AbstractIn this paper, Hermite and Lagrange interpolation by G

Initial plasticity onset in Zr- and Hf-rich bulk metallic glasses during instrumented indentation

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1265-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler D. Krus ◽  
Thomas F. Juliano ◽  
Laszlo J. Kecskes ◽  
Mark R. VanLandingham
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Metallic Glass ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Metallic Glasses ◽  
Bulk Metallic Glasses ◽  
Deformation Energy ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Instrumented Indentation ◽  
Volume Energy ◽  
Load Intensity

Sudden jumps in nanoindentation load-displacement curves of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) signify the onset of plastic deformation. These events are investigated on varying compositions of Zr- and Hf-rich BMGs. Load-versus-displacement graphs for spherical indentations are analyzed to determine displacement, load, intensity of deformation, energy per volume, energy loss, and pressure corresponding to these key locations. Attention is focused on pressure, energy loss, and energy per volume at initial plasticity in response to varying strain rates, indenter tip radii, preload, and material composition. Energy loss was found to correlate with preload. The Zr-rich metallic glass was found to plastically deform in response to smaller loads than Hf-rich specimens.

A theoretical study on the unusual square-planar structure of bis(imino)pyridine-ligated Group 13 complexes

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyi Li ◽  
Yajing Lyu ◽  
Huifang Zhang ◽  
Maoqin Zhu ◽  
Hanping Tang
Keyword(s):  
Strain Energy ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Planar Structure ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Square Planar

The stronger aromaticity of the M-imidazolate ring and the small strain energy on the ligand backbone collectively drive the square-planar structure.

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