Under-trellis cover crop and deficit irrigation to regulate water availability and enhance Tannat wine sensory attributes in a humid climate

2018 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 244-252
Author(s):  
A. Coniberti ◽  
V. Ferrari ◽  
E. Disegna ◽  
E. Dellacassa ◽  
A.N. Lakso
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Humid Climate

scholarly journals Effects of cover crops and irrigation on ‘Tempranillo’ grapevine and berry physiology: an experiment under the Mediterranean conditions of Southern Portugal

OENO One ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-208
Author(s):  
Alexandra Tomaz ◽  
José Coleto Martínez ◽  
Carlos Arruda Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Mediterranean Conditions

In addition to irrigation, other viticultural practices such as soil management can be applied to improve grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) quality responses and attenuate unfavourable environmental conditions. Cover crops in the interrow of irrigated vineyards change the dynamics of water extraction and it is expected that the patterns of vines’ water relations will be modified, also changing their productive responses. This study took place over two seasons in ‘Tempranillo’ grapevines in a vineyard in South Portugal, where a cover crop was sown in the inter-rows of half the study area (SCC) while maintaining resident vegetation in the remaining (RV). Five water regime treatments were applied: full irrigation (200 mm irrigation amount–I200); moderate irrigation (150 mm–I150); deficit irrigation (100 mm–I100); ultra-deficit irrigation (50 mm–I50); rainfed (I0). Measurements of predawn leaf water potential (ΨPD), stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthetic rate (An), and transpiration rate (E) were made during the final stages of the growth cycle. Data of soil water availability, yield and growth variables, and berries and wine composition were also used. Significant interactions between the effect of soil management and water regime were observed on ΨPD. A water competition effect exerted by the cover crop could be responsible for reduced water loss and carbon assimilation, whenever Spring rain is lower and/or the cover crop biomass development is not controlled. Differences in gs and An observed at midday and late measurements reflect the influence of the daily increase of atmospheric water demand. Stomatal closure of grapevines was less affected in plots of higher soil water storage capacity. The correlation between ΨPD and gs was higher in the midday and late measurements, pointing to the regulation of stomatal response in response to water availability and daily environmental conditions. Principal components analysis (PCA) evidenced an influence of water deficit on metabolic responses that benefit fruit and wine quality. The cluster analysis (CA) revealed that no significant cluster of cases was clearly controlled by soil management or water regime in the first season but, in the second, drier season, significant clustering more irrigation- than soil management-controlled showed that a predominant influence of irrigation should be expected for ‘Tempranillo’ grapevines grown under dry Mediterranean conditions.

Under-trellis cover crop and planting density to achieve vine balance in a humid climate

2018 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Coniberti ◽  
V. Ferrari ◽  
E. Disegna ◽  
M. Garcia Petillo ◽  
A.N. Lakso
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Humid Climate

scholarly journals Deficit Irrigation in Vitis labruscana Bailey ‘Concord’ in Central Washington

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason E. Stout ◽  
Joan R. Davenport ◽  
R. Troy Peters
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Vitis Labruscana ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Sudden Decrease

Drought conditions in the western United States have limited water availability for the irrigation of agricultural products. This can have a dramatic impact on yield and quality of specialty perennial crops, such as juice grapes (Vitis labruscana Bailey). Washington State juice grape industry typically irrigates to 100% of crop-specific evapotranspiration (ETc) throughout the season to minimize yield loss. However, as conditions have limited water availability, growers need a new strategy to cope with the limited water supply. Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) applies less water than plant ETc and has been shown to improve fruit quality in red wine grapes (Vitis vinifera). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of RDI treatments on the yield and quality of ‘Concord’ juice grapes as compared with current commercial practice. The treatments reduced the amount of water applied between bloom and veraison by 25% (−25%), 33% (−33%), and 45% (−45%) from the control application. The results of this 4-year study initially indicated a dramatic decrease in yield in the −45% treatment (7.5 Mg/ha) as compared with the control treatment (19.2 Mg/ha); however, yield for the RDI treatments recovered in the subsequent seasons and was not statically different from the control. There were no statistical differences in fruit quality between treatments. This indicates that RDI has the potential to decrease water applied between bloom and veraison without impacting fruit quality; however, to avoid a sudden decrease in yield, it would be necessary to gradually reduce water applications over several years.

Effect of different irrigation strategies on vine physiology, yield, grape composition and sensory profiles of Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet-Sauvignon in a cool climate area

OENO One ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Gabriel Balint ◽  
Andrew G. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Sensory Profiles ◽  
Cool Climate

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim</strong>: The efficacy of partial root zone drying (PRD) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on vine physiology, yield components, fruit composition and wine sensory profiles of ‘Cabernet-Sauvignon’ was investigated in a cool climate region in Ontario, Canada.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Field experiments were conducted in a Cabernet-Sauvignon block in Niagara-on-the-Lake, ON Canada between 2006 and 2008. There were five treatments : non-irrigated control, PRD, full irrigation [100 % of crop evapotranspiration (ET<sub>c</sub>)] and two levels of RDI (50 and 25 % ET<sub>c</sub>). Treatments started immediately after fruit set and continued until post-veraison. Soil and vine water status were apparently controlled not only by the amount of water but also by the irrigation strategy used. In the PRD treatments, soil moisture, leaf water potential, and transpiration rate were generally lower than in 100 % ET<sub>c</sub> but higher than non-irrigated and RDI treatments. Almost all treatments were different than in non-irrigated vines in fruit composition and wine sensory attributes. Wine sensory attributes differed considerably due to the amount of irrigation water applied in 2007. RDI strategies were more consistent than the PRD treatments in their effect on vine water status, grape composition and wine sensory profiles. Inconsistent patterns across seasons for some variables indicated that besides soil and vine water status, there were other factors that impacted vine physiology, yield components and berry composition.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: RDI treatments improved wine quality when compared with full or either non-irrigated treatments. Overall, use of RDI irrigation or PRD during dry and warm years can improve grape composition in cool climates.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evaluation of PRD and RDI on Cabernet-Sauvignon in a cool humid climate. It suggests that although RDI strategies are more effective, PRD also has value, particularly in dry seasons.</p>

Deficit Irrigation of Soya Bean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in a Sub-humid Climate

2008 ◽  
Vol 194 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sincik ◽  
B. N. Candogan ◽  
C. Demirtas ◽  
H. Büyükcangaz ◽  
S. Yazgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Glycine Max L

scholarly journals Sensory Quality and Consumer Acceptance of ‘Tardibelle’ Peach Are Improved by Deficit Irrigation Applied During Stage II of Fruit Development

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 656-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Vallverdu ◽  
Joan Girona ◽  
Gemma Echeverria ◽  
Jordi Marsal ◽  
M. Hossein Behboudian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stem Water Potential

Deficit irrigation (DI) applied during Stage II of fruit development has the potential of improving fruit quality in peach (Prunus persica). Existing information only covers instrumental assessment of quality. No report is available on how sensory attributes and consumer acceptance are affected. We applied DI at Stage II to ‘Tardibelle’ peach and evaluated fruit composition, sensory attributes, and consumer acceptance during the growing seasons of 2009 and 2010. Results were compared with those from trees that received conventional irrigation (CI). Stem water potential in DI trees was indicative of a moderate water stress during Stage II. In 2010, water stress persisted at the beginning of Stage III and average fruit weight was reduced in DI trees. A panel of trained judges decided that DI increased sweetness, juiciness, and the intensity of peach flavor but it reduced fruit firmness and crispness. A panel of consumers indicated increased preference for DI fruit. The higher appeal for DI fruit could have been partially the result of their more advanced maturity. Improvement of fruit quality could be an important incentive for the application of DI during Stage II because growers may expect to receive a premium price for their higher quality fruit.

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