Hydroxyl radical is involved in cell wall disassembly and aril breakdown in mulberry fruit during storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hangjun Chen ◽  
Shifeng Cao ◽  
Haiyan Gao ◽  
Xiangjun Fang ◽  
Jiaojiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Mulberry Fruit ◽  
Cell Wall Disassembly

Cell wall disassembly in ripening fruit

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Brummell
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Middle Lamella ◽  
Primary Cell Wall ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Fruit Softening ◽  
Structure Degradation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Textural Changes ◽  
Cell Wall Disassembly ◽  
Pectin Solubilisation

Fruit softening during ripening involves a coordinated series of modifications to the polysaccharide components of the primary cell wall and middle lamella, resulting in a weakening of the structure. Degradation of polysaccharides and alterations in the bonding between polymers cause an increase in cell separation and a softening and swelling of the wall, which, combined with alterations in turgor, bring about fruit softening and textural changes. A wide range in the extent of cell wall pectic modifications has been observed between species, whereas the depolymerisation of xyloglucan is relatively limited and more consistent. The earliest events to be initiated are usually a loss of pectic galactan side chains and the depolymerisation of matrix glycans, which may begin before ripening, followed by a loss of pectic arabinan side chains and pectin solubilisation. The depolymerisation of pectins may begin during early to mid-ripening, but is usually most pronounced late in ripening. However, some of these events may be absent or occur at very low levels in some species. Cell wall swelling may be related to a loosening of the xyloglucan–cellulose network and to pectin solubilisation, and these processes combined with the loss of pectic side chains increase wall porosity. An increase in wall porosity later in ripening may allow increased access of degradative enzymes to their substrates.

Altered cell wall disassembly during ripening of Cnr tomato fruit: implications for cell adhesion and fruit softening

Planta ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 215 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Orfila ◽  
Miranda Huisman ◽  
William Willats ◽  
Gert-Jan van Alebeek ◽  
Henk Schols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Softening ◽  
Altered Cell ◽  
Cell Wall Disassembly

scholarly journals Effect of indole-3-acetic acid on pea root growth, peroxidase profiles and hydroxyl radical formation

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Kukavica ◽  
Aleksandra Mitrovic ◽  
M. Mojovic ◽  
Sonja Veljovic-Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Radical Formation ◽  
Isolated Roots ◽  
Hydroponically Grown ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Roots In Vitro ◽  
Root Cell Wall

Changes in growth, peroxidase profiles, and hydroxyl radical formation were examined in IAA (0.5-10 mg/l) treated pea plants grown hydroponically and in isolated roots in liquid in vitro culture. IAA inhibited root elongation, both in hydroponically grown pea plants and in isolated roots in vitro. A remarkable increase in the number of POD iso?forms was noticed in isolated roots grown in vitro, compared to the roots from plants grown hydroponically. IAA induced both disappearance of several root POD isoforms and hydroxyl radical formation in the root and the root cell wall.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Responses of Ripe Cherry Tomato Fruit Exposed to Chilling and Rewarming Identify Reversible and Irreversible Gene Expression Changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald A. Hunter ◽  
Nathanael J. Napier ◽  
Zoe A. Erridge ◽  
Ali Saei ◽  
Ronan K. Y. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Transcript Accumulation ◽  
Cell Wall Modification ◽  
Cellular Protection ◽  
Cell Wall Disassembly ◽  
Shock Proteins

Tomato fruit stored below 12°C lose quality and can develop chilling injury upon subsequent transfer to a shelf temperature of 20°C. The more severe symptoms of altered fruit softening, uneven ripening and susceptibility to rots can cause postharvest losses. We compared the effects of exposure to mild (10°C) and severe chilling (4°C) on the fruit quality and transcriptome of ‘Angelle’, a cherry-type tomato, harvested at the red ripe stage. Storage at 4°C (but not at 10°C) for 27 days plus an additional 6 days at 20°C caused accelerated softening and the development of mealiness, both of which are commonly related to cell wall metabolism. Transcriptome analysis using RNA-Seq identified a range of transcripts encoding enzymes putatively involved in cell wall disassembly whose expression was strongly down-regulated at both 10 and 4°C, suggesting that accelerated softening at 4°C was due to factors unrelated to cell wall disassembly, such as reductions in turgor. In fruit exposed to severe chilling, the reduced transcript abundances of genes related to cell wall modification were predominantly irreversible and only partially restored upon rewarming of the fruit. Within 1 day of exposure to 4°C, large increases occurred in the expression of alternative oxidase, superoxide dismutase and several glutathione S-transferases, enzymes that protect cell contents from oxidative damage. Numerous heat shock proteins and chaperonins also showed large increases in expression, with genes showing peak transcript accumulation after different times of chilling exposure. These changes in transcript abundance were not induced at 10°C, and were reversible upon transfer of the fruit from 4 to 20°C. The data show that genes involved in cell wall modification and cellular protection have differential sensitivity to chilling temperatures, and exhibit different capacities for recovery upon rewarming of the fruit.

scholarly journals The intersection between cell wall disassembly, ripening, and fruit susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 859-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cantu ◽  
A. R. Vicente ◽  
L. C. Greve ◽  
F. M. Dewey ◽  
A. B. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Cell Wall Disassembly

Temporal Sequence of Cell Wall Disassembly Events in Developing Fruits. 1. Analysis of Raspberry (Rubus idaeus)

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 4119-4124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel R. Vicente ◽  
Claudia Ortugno ◽  
Ann L. T. Powell ◽  
L. Carl Greve ◽  
John M. Labavitch
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Temporal Sequence ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Cell Wall Disassembly
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