Replacing incandescent lamps with compact fluorescent lamps may delay flowering

Because the national legislation prohibits the sale of incandescent lamps the argentine citizen can acquire compact fluorescent lamps in their replacement. This situation has led us to develop this work whose main objective is to establish a comparison between these two types of lamps from the energy point of view and its environmental consequences. To this end, we have developed a study based on the last national census in Argentina. While significant energy savings achieved, and as a result lower emissions of carbon dioxide, this leads to an environmental problem due to the mercury content of compact fluorescent lamps. They become in hazardous waste when exhausted their useful lives and are discarded in sites for municipal solid waste. High probability that the lamps are broken and release mercury that can contaminate 19,55 liters of drinking water for kilogram of CO2 saved. We conclude that the regulations required to purchase compact fluorescent lamps instead of traditional incandescent lamps must go accompanied with sustainable alternatives to dispose them appropriately since otherwise we will be replacing an environmental problem with another.

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Light-Emitting Diodes: Progress in Solid-State Lighting

MRS Bulletin ◽

10.1557/mrs2001.203 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 26 (10) ◽

pp. 764-769 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Artūras Žukauskas ◽

Michael S. Shur ◽

Remis Gaska

Keyword(s):

Light Emitting ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Compact Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Lighting Energy ◽

Carbon Arc ◽

Negative Environmental Impact ◽

Gas Flame ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

Incandescent Lamps ◽

Physical Phenomena

Until the beginning of the 19th century, flame produced by combustion was the only source of artificial light. Since then, physical phenomena other than pyroluminescence have been used to produce light. Limelight (incandescence of calcium oxide heated by the flame from an oxyhydrogen blowpipe), gas mantles (candoluminescence of gas-flame-heated rare-earth oxides), and the electrical Jablochkoff candle (an early type of carbon-arc lamp) were among the important milestones that led to modern lighting technology. In the 21st century, most of the residential lighting worldwide is provided by tungsten incandescent lamps. Compact fluorescent lamps are also actively promoted because of their higher performance—a broader spectrum for higher-quality white light and elimination of 100–120-Hz flickering, for example. Most work environments employ fluorescent tubes for general lighting, and street lighting is dominated by sodium lamps. Lighting consumes ∼2000 TWh of energy annually, about 21% of the global consumption of electricity. However, during the past 20 years, none of the conventional lighting technologies has exhibited a significant improvement in efficiency. The drive to save lighting energy and reduce its negative environmental impact (i.e., carbon emissions and the disposal of mercury contained in discharge lamps) stimulates the search for new, efficient sources of light.

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Impact of Nonlinear Lighting Loads on the Neutral Conductor Current of Low Voltage Residential Grids

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13184851 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (18) ◽

pp. 4851

Author(s):

Jairo Hernández ◽

Andrés A. Romero ◽

Jan Meyer ◽

Ana María Blanco

Keyword(s):

Low Voltage ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Substantial Impact ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Political Incentives ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Compact Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Lighting Loads ◽

Incandescent Lamps ◽

The Impact

In the last decade, mainly due to political incentives towards energy efficiency, the share of lamps with power electronic interfaces, like Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) and Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps, has significantly increased in the residential sector. Their massive use might have a substantial impact on harmonic currents and, consequently, on the current flowing in the neutral conductor. This paper analyzes the impact of modern energy-efficient lighting technologies on the neutral conductor current by using a synthetic Low Voltage residential grid. Different load scenarios reflecting the transition from incandescent lamps, via CFL, to LED lamps are compared concerning the neutral conductor current at different points in the network. The inherent randomness related to the use of lighting devices by each residential customer is considered employing a Monte Carlo simulation. Obtained results show that the use of CFL has a greater impact on the neutral conductor current of Low Voltage (LV) residential grids and that, with increasing use of LED lamps, a decreasing impact can be expected in the future.

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Ultraviolet Radiation Emissions and Illuminance in Different Brands of Compact Fluorescent Lamps

International Journal of Photoenergy ◽

10.1155/2015/504674 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shahram Safari ◽

Sina Eshraghi Dehkordy ◽

Meghdad Kazemi ◽

Habibollah Dehghan ◽

Behzad Mahaki

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Occupational Exposure ◽

Optical Bench ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Compact Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Uv Irradiance ◽

Asset Value ◽

Incandescent Lamps ◽

One Way Anova

Introduction.Replacing incandescent lamps with compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), which are three to six times more efficient, is one of the easiest methods to achieve energy efficiency. The present study aimed to evaluate relationships between UV emissions radiated and illuminance CFLs.Material and Methods. This pilot study was conducted on 16 single envelope CFLs. The illuminance and UV irradiance of various types of CFLs are measured on a three-meter long optical bench, using a calibrated lux meter and UV meter, and measurement was done in 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 cm, in three angles, including 0°, 45°, and 90°, at the ages of 0, 100, and 2000 hours. Result. UVC irradiance was not observed at the distance of 10 cm in all of lamps. The lowest value of UVB irradiance was recorded in Pars Khazar lamp, while the highest value was recorded in Etehad lamps. UVR values measured at different times showed negligible differences; the highest asset value was detected in zero times. One way ANOVA indicated that relationships between UVA irradiance and illuminance were significant (P<0.05).Conclusion. UVB irradiance in most of the lamp in 10 and 25 cm was more than occupational exposure and UVA except for the fact that Pars Khazar 60 watts and Nama Noor 60 watts were less than occupational exposure.

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The Reconstruction Project of Illumination Devices at the Krasnoselskaya Station of the Moscow Metro

Light & Engineering ◽

10.33383/2018-060 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 59-66

Author(s):

Ksenia I. Nechaeva

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Historical Analysis ◽

Metro Station ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

Passenger Transportation ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Current State ◽

Heritage Site ◽

Lighting Environment ◽

Incandescent Lamps

The current state of the Moscow Metro station of the first priority that became operational in 1935 does not allow it to be called a cultural heritage site. This is due to the fact that lighting modernisation carried out by the Moscow Metro was based on fluorescent lamps. Such lamps are more energy efficient compared to incandescent lamps, which were used in original lighting devices specified in the Station Lighting Project developed by architects and designers. However, they significantly changed the station appearance, transforming the originally designed station with entire well visible architectural tectonics?1 from the standpoint of lighting into a simple, flat, unremarkable, and little loaded station of the Moscow Metro./br> This paper describes a method of lighting reconstruction at Krasnoselskaya station by means of original lighting devices that meet modern standards and requirements for cultural heritage sites. The historical analysis on the development of the station lighting environment was conducted during its operation in order to understand what kind of station was conceived by its architects, what changes occurred with its lighting over time, and how it influenced the station appearance and safety of passenger transportation.

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Improvement of the Luminous Run-up Characteristics in Ballast-Integrated Compact Fluorescent Lamps Covered with Outer Globes

LEUKOS The Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America ◽

10.1582/leukos.2007.04.01.003 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 57-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Takeo Yasuda ◽

Masashi Kando PhD

Keyword(s):

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Compact Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Run Up

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Ultraviolet light output of compact fluorescent lamps: comparison to conventional incandescent and halogen residential lighting sources

Lupus ◽

10.1177/0961203309103052 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 556-560 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

AD Nuzum-Keim ◽

RD Sontheimer

Keyword(s):

Ultraviolet Light ◽

Light Output ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Compact Fluorescent Lamps

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Reductions in electricity consumption and power demand in case of the mass use of compact fluorescent lamps

Energy ◽

10.1016/j.energy.2009.05.014 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 34 (9) ◽

pp. 1355-1363 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

J. Trifunovic ◽

J. Mikulovic ◽

Z. Djurisic ◽

M. Djuric ◽

M. Kostic

Keyword(s):

Electricity Consumption ◽

Power Demand ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Compact Fluorescent Lamps

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Analytical and experimental discussion of a circuit-based model for compact fluorescent lamps in a 60Hz power grid

Ingeniería e Investigación ◽

10.15446/ing.investig.v35n1sup.53618 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (1Sup) ◽

pp. 89-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gabriel Alexis Malagon ◽

Jeisson Bello Peña ◽

Gabriel Ordóñez Plata ◽

Cesar Duarte Gualdrón

Keyword(s):

Scientific Literature ◽

Power Grid ◽

Research Work ◽

Power Grids ◽

Voltage Source ◽

Electrical System ◽

Font Size ◽

Stroke Width ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Compact Fluorescent Lamps

This article presents an analysis and discussion on the performance of a circuit-based model for Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) in a 120V 60Hz power grid. This model is proposed and validated in previous scientific literature for CFLs in 230V 50Hz systems. Nevertheless, the derivation of this model is not straightforward to follow and its performance in 120V 60Hz systems is a matter of research work. In this paper, the analytical derivation of this CFL model is presented in detail and its performance is discussed when predicting the current of a CFL designed to operate in a 120V 60Hz electrical system. The derived model is separately implemented in both MATLAB® and ATP-EMTP® software using two different sets of parameters previously proposed for 230V 50Hz CFLs. These simulation results are compared against laboratory measurements using a programmable AC voltage source. The measurements and simulations considered seven CFLs 110/127V 60Hz with different power ratings supplied by a sinusoidal (not distorted) voltage source. The simulations under these conditions do not properly predict the current measurements and therefore the set of parameters and/or the model itself need to be adjusted for 120V 60Hz power grids.<br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" />

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