Starch granule size variation and relationship with tuber dry matter content in heritage potato varieties

2011 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jichong Zhang ◽  
Agnes Murphy ◽  
Gongshe Liu ◽  
Benoit Bizimungu ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Granule ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Granule Size ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Tuber Dry Matter

scholarly journals Evaluation of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varieties for Yield and Some Agronomic Traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Lemma Tessema ◽  
Wassu Mohammed ◽  
Tesfaye Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Marketable Tuber ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Central Highlands

AbstractA field experiment was conducted in the central highlands of Ethiopia to evaluate the performance of potato varieties for tuber yield and to identify a superior variety in tuber yield and yield components. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at two locations in the central highlands of Ethiopia during the 2017 main cropping season. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed the presence of highly significant (P<0.01) differences among varieties over all traits studied. The mean squares for location were also significant in indicating the influence of environments on the traits of the studied varieties. However, the interaction between variety and environment had no significant effect on the performances of the potato varieties to attain 50% flowering, specific gravity and dry matter content indicating a similar performance of these traits across all locations. The variety Belete produced the maximum total tuber yield of 32.8 t ha -1 and marketable tuber yield of 29.1 t ha-1. Conversely, farmers` variety Nech Abeba produced the minimum total tuber yield of 13.8 t ha-1 and marketable tuber yield of 8.4 t ha-1. For most tuber quality traits, viz., tuber specific gravity, dry matter content, starch percentage and total starch yield, varieties Belete and Menagesha were the maximum and minimum producers, respectively. Thus, it could be concluded that varietal and environmental variations as well as their interaction had considerable influence on tuber yield and the potato’s attributes.

Effects of defoliation and time of harvest on tuber dry-matter percentage of Pentland Crown Potatoes

1986 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Wilcockson
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Mechanical Method ◽  
Tuber Dry Matter ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Time Of Harvest ◽  
Main Factor

Two experiments are reported which investigated the effects of time and method of crop defoliation and of extending the interval between defoliation and harvest on the relationship between dry-matter percentage and tuber size in Pentland Crown potatoes.Differences in average tuber dry-matter content between seasons and treatments were large, but the relationship between tuber dry-matter percentage and tuber size was always negatively quadratic. The dry-matter content of tubers of all sizes invariably decreased after defoliation, by about 0·6 % on average for each week that harvest was delayed in 1983 and 0·3 % in 1984. The largest decrease was from 22·7 to 16·7 % over the 10-week period following mechanical defoliation in mid-August 1983. In 1984, chemical defoliation in mid-August gave a smaller decrease than the mechanical method (0·25 and 0·38%/week) but their effects were similar when carried out in mid-September. Water uptake was the main factor responsible for the decrease because evidence showed that fresh weights of tubers increased proportionally following defoliation whilst dry weights remained virtually constant.Natural senescence was late in both seasons experiments so that the crops foliage was still mostly alive when defoliation occurred, even in September and early October. Thus, the relatively large effects of late defoliation may have been greater than might be expected where haulm senescence is already well advanced by this time and water uptake has almost ceased. Nevertheless, the decline in dry-matter percentage which may occur between defoliation and harvest can be extremely important where potatoes for processing are concerned. It could make them unacceptable for particular outlets and should be considered when defoliation and harvesting programmes are planned.

SELECTION OF MEDIUM EARLY AND MID-SEASON VARIETIES OF POTATOES FOR THE STEPPE ZONE OF SOUTHERN URALS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Аминова ◽  
Evgeniya Aminova ◽  
Мушинский ◽  
Aleksandr Mushinskiy ◽  
Герасимова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of research is to identify the most adaptive and productive varieties of potatoes for the steppe zone of Southern Urals. The experience was laid by one-factor circuit in 3-fold repetition. The studies were conducted for middle- and middle-early varieties of potatoes domestic and foreign selection. Determined yield, marketability, starch and dry content in potato tubers. At 4 years of data were allocated potato varieties – Artemis (57.8 t/ha), Aerrow (52.0 t/ha) and Romano (49.5 t/ha). Distinguished highest yield of marketable products varieties: Artemis – 97.9%, Tarasov – 97.7%, and Aerrow Romano – 97.4%. The starch content in tubers was measurable by 10.2% (Ed Scarlett) to 16.0% (Kovalenko Memory), and the dry matter content in tubers ranged from 15.6% (Ed Scarlett) to 23.8% (Memory Kovalenko).

scholarly journals Performance of modern and old, European and national potato cultivars in different environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlandiney Eschemback ◽  
Jackson Kawakami ◽  
Paulo Eduardo de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Tuber Dry Matter ◽  
Commercial Yield

Abstract Little information on the comparative yield of the main potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum) used in Brazil is available. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of modern and old, European and Brazilian potato cultivars in different environments. Two experiments were carried in the field in 2013, in Brazil: in Guarapuava, in the state of Paraná, from January to April; and in Brasília, the Federal District, from August to November. Treatments consisted of six cultivars (origin, year of release): Bintje (European, 1910), Monalisa (European, 1982) and Agata (European, 1990); Baronesa (Brazilian, 1955), Catucha (Brazilian, 1995) and BRS Clara (Brazilian, 2010), arranged in complete blocks at random, with four replications, in both areas. Growth cycle, total and commercial yield (number of tubers and mass), tuber average weight and tuber dry matter content were evaluated. We observed significant differences in yield among cultivars, both in Guarapuava and in Brasilia. We also observed that increases in yield in Brazil are possible, the modern cultivars having higher yield potential than old cultivars. No significant differences in yield were detected between European and Brazilian cultivars, in none of the growing zones. We suggest that the use of imported cultivars by Brazilian potato growers is related to factors not associated to yield.

scholarly journals Variation in Tuber Dry Matter Content and Starch Pasting Properties of White Guinea Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) Genotypes Grown in Three Agroecologies of NIGERIA

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1944
Author(s):  
Ryo Matsumoto ◽  
Asrat Asfaw ◽  
David De Koeyer ◽  
Satoru Muranaka ◽  
Tadashi Yoshihashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Pasting Properties ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Tuber Dry Matter ◽  
Guinea Yam

The primary objective of this study was to assess the effects of genotype (G), location (L), and G × L interaction on tuber quality traits (dry matter content and starch pasting parameters) in white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.). Variability in tuber dry matter and starch pasting properties was examined using 18 advanced breeding lines and two dominant landrace cultivars of white Guinea yam grown in three different agroecological zones (forest‒savanna transition, southern Guinea savanna, and rainforest) in Nigeria. The starch pasting properties were evaluated using a Rapid Visco Analyser. Our results show that the G × L interaction effect was low compared to the genotype and growing location effects on the variability of key starch properties. In addition, the repeatability of trait performance across locations was high and relatively uniform for key traits, suggesting that any of the three locations used in this study can be employed for their evaluation. Furthermore, TDr1100873 had a higher dry matter content than the dominant landrace cultivars (Amula and Meccakusa) but was similar to them in starch pasting properties. Hence, TDr1100873 is considered a suitable variety for future breeding activities.

scholarly journals Quality of vacuum-packed potato in dependence of variety and applied mechanical tuber peeling systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
С.В. Мальцев ◽  
Д.В. Абросимов
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Vacuum Packaging ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Experimental Base ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Vacuum Package

В статье отражены результаты изучения влияния сорта и различных систем механической очистки клубней на качество картофеля в вакуумной упаковке. Исследования проводились в 2015–2018 годах на экспериментальной базе ФГБНУ ВНИИКХ (Московская область, Люберецкий район). Опыт двухфакторный: фактор А – сорт (110 сортообразцов), фактор Б – тип механической системы очистки клубней (ножевая, абразивная и перфорированная ячеистая). Качество продукта по показателям устойчивости мякоти к потемнению и сохранности тургора клубней определяли через 5, 10 и 15 дней после вакуумирования при переработке в сентябре, январе и апреле. Температура хранения сырья 5–7 °С, относительная влажность воздуха в хранилище 90–95%. В результате исследований установлено, что сорта картофеля для вакуумной упаковки должны соответствовать следующим требованиям: содержание сухого вещества не ниже 20%; отходов при механической очистке не более 20% при сентябрьском сроке переработки и использовании системы очистки ножевого типа; устойчивость мякоти клубней к потемнению не ниже 7 баллов через 15 дней хранения в вакуумной упаковке; предпочтительный цвет мякоти – кремовый и желтый. Выявлено, что глубина выреза более 5 мм на поверхности клубней при ручной доочистке крайне негативно влияет на качество вакуумированного картофеля. Из 110 изученных сортов для вакуумной упаковки рекомендованы 40, соответствующие вышеуказанным требованиям, например, такие, как Лилея, Ломоносовский, Люкс, Утенок, Холмогорский, Амур, Бриз, Былина Сибири, Гала, Горняк, Манифест, Памяти Лорха, Русский сувенир, Лина, Барин, Златка, Надежда, Сиреневый туман, Фаворит, Фрителла. Установлено, что использование рекомендуемых сортов и механической системы очистки ножевого типа (режим работы 80 сек.), по сравнению с абразивным и ячеистым, способствует снижению отходов при переработке в среднем за сезон на 4,8% при одновременном сохранении высокого качества конечного продукта. The article presents the results of studying the influence of potato varieties and various mechanical tuber peeling systems on quality of vacuum-packed potato. Researches were conducted in 2015–2018 at the experimental base of Lorch Potato Research Institute (Moscow region, Lyuberetsky district). Two-factor experiment: factor A – potato variety (amount 110), factor B – type of mechanical tuber peeling system (blade, abrasive and perforated cellular). The quality of the product according to the indicators of pulp darkening resistance and the safety of the tuber turgor was determined 5, 10 and 15 days after vacuuming when processing in September, January and April. Potato store temperature was 5–7 °C, the relative humidity in the storage – 90–95%. As a result of research, it was found that potato varieties suitable for vacuum packaging must meet the following requirements: dry matter content not less than 20%; losses during mechanical peeling not more than 20% when processing in September and using a blade-type peeling system; resistance of the tuber pulp to darkening not less than 7 points after 15 days of storage in a vacuum package; the preferred color of pulp is cream and yellow. It was found that the depth of the cutout more than 5 mm on the surface of tubers during manual post-peeling has a severe negative effect on the quality of vacuumed potatoes. From 110 studied varieties, 40 ones which meet the above mentioned requirements were recommended for vacuum packaging, such as Lilea, Lomonosovsky, Lux, Utenok, Holmogorsky, Amur, Briz, Bilina Sibiri, Gala, Gornyak, Manifest, Pamyaty Lorcha, Russky suvenir, Lina, Barin, Zlatka, Nadezhda, Sirenevy tuman, Favorite, Fritella. It was found that the use of recommended varieties and a mechanical peeling system of blade type (operating mode 80 sec.), in comparison with abrasive and cellular, helps to reduce losses while processing by an average of 4.8% per season and lets to maintain the high quality of the final product.

scholarly journals Effect of harvesting dates on the yield and tuber quality of processing potatoes

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-193
Author(s):  
M Sharkar ◽  
JU Ahmed ◽  
SF Ahmed ◽  
SMZ Al Meraj ◽  
M. Mohi Ud Din
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Potato Products

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of harvesting dates and variety on the yield and processing quality of potato tuber. Three processing potato varieties (BARI Alu-25, Asterix; BARI Alu-28, Lady Rosetta and BARI Alu-29, Courage) were used as test crops and they were harvested at different days after planting [80, 90, and 100 days after planting (DAP)]. The three processing potato varieties showed higher tuber yield of Grade A (9.12 t ha-1) and B (13.64 t ha-1). The highest tuber yield (Grade A+B) [29.62 t ha-1] and total tuber yield (35.97 t ha-1) was found in Courage at 90 and 100 DAP harvest, respectively. The variety Lady Rosetta attained the highest percent of processable tuber yield (86.8% of the total tuber yield), the maximum dry matter content (26.37%), specific gravity (1.102) at 90 DAP harvest and this variety also contained the highest mean starch content (111.75 mg g-1 FW) followed by Courage (111.17 mg g-1 FW) and Asterix (103.95 mg g-1 FW). Optimum dry matter content (24.07%), specific gravity (1.091), starch content (110.15 mg g-1 FW), processable tuber yield (26.62 t ha-1) and total tuber yield (32.76 t ha-1) was found at 90 DAP harvest and therefore, it could be mentioned as suitable harvesting date for processing purposes. Among the varieties, Lady Rosetta and Courage were found preferable potato varieties that could be used for processing of potato products. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(1): 179-193, March 2019

scholarly journals Yield and Quality of Potato Varieties

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Josip Ćota ◽  
Azra Hadžić
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
New Varieties

A two-year experiment (2009-2010) included four potato varieties (Desire, Romano, Bistra and Kis Sora). Experiments were conducted in Butmir (about 500 m/ asl) and Glamoč (approximately 900 m/ asl) region. The aim was to select new varieties for our area of cultivation. Productive characteristics of potato varieties (yield, weight and number of tubers per box) were examined. In the frame of qualitative properties, dry matter content and starch were examined. Trials were performed by randomised block design with four replications, and the results were analysed using the analysis of variance. Higher average yield was achieved by Romano cultivar by 8% compared to Desire and Kis Sora. Dry matter content ranged from 21.80% in Romano to 22.20% in Desiree. Examining varieties should be continued in the upcoming period in order to determine the most favourable conditions for cultivation in the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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