Fractal characteristics of two-dimensional images of ‘Fuji’ apple trees trained to two tree configurations after their winter pruning

2011 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheqi Zhang ◽  
Bingzhi Li ◽  
Yunpeng Liu ◽  
Linsen Zhang ◽  
Ziqing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Fuji Apple ◽  
Fractal Characteristics ◽  
Two Dimensional Images

Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI and Fractal Characteristics of Percolation Clusters in Two-Dimensional Tumor Blood Perfusion

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 480-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Craciunescu ◽  
S. K. Das ◽  
S. T. Clegg
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Percolation Cluster ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Invasion Percolation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Tumor Perfusion ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Fractal Characteristics

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) of the tumor blood pool is used to study tumor tissue perfusion. The results are then analyzed using percolation models. Percolation cluster geometry is depicted using the wash-in component of MRI contrast signal intensity. Fractal characteristics are determined for each two-dimensional cluster. The invasion percolation model is used to describe the evolution of the tumor perfusion front. Although tumor perfusion can be depicted rigorously only in three dimensions, two-dimensional cases are used to validate the methodology. It is concluded that the blood perfusion in a two-dimensional tumor vessel network has a fractal structure and that the evolution of the perfusion front can be characterized using invasion percolation. For all the cases studied, the front starts to grow from the periphery of the tumor (where the feeding vessel was assumed to lie) and continues to grow toward the center of the tumor, accounting for the well-documented perfused periphery and necrotic core of the tumor tissue.

Optimal edge detection in two-dimensional images

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1215-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Qian ◽  
T.S. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Edge Detection ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Images

scholarly journals Visual Depth Perception of three dimensional images and two dimensional images

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 248-249
Author(s):  
Am CHO ◽  
Kageyu NORO ◽  
Shinya KOSHIE ◽  
Atsuko HONDO ◽  
Sakae YAMAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Depth Perception ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Visual Depth ◽  
Three Dimensional Images ◽  
Two Dimensional Images
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