scholarly journals Transpiration, photosynthetic responses, tissue water relations and dry mass partitioning in Callistemon plants during drought conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Álvarez ◽  
Alejandra Navarro ◽  
Emilio Nicolás ◽  
M. Jesús Sánchez-Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Tissue Water ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Photosynthetic Responses ◽  
Dry Mass Partitioning

Plastic Mulch Color Effects on Light Micro-environment and Watermelon Plant Growth

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 474d-474
Author(s):  
N.K. Damayanthi Ranwala ◽  
Dennis R. Decoteau
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Total Light ◽  
Dry Mass Partitioning

This study was conducted to evaluate the spectral properties of various colored plastic color mulches and to determine the effects of upwardly reflected light from the mulch surfaces on watermelon plant growth when differences in root zone temperatures are minimized. Two-week-old watermelon plants were grown with black mulch, red-painted mulch, SRM-Red mulch (Sonoco, Inc., Harstville, S.C.), and white mulch. Total light reflection (58 μmol·m–2·s–1 in 400–700 nm) and red: far-red (R:FR = 0.44) of reflected light were lower in black mulch and highest in white mulch (634 and 0.92, respectively). Both black mulch and white mulch had same blue:red (B:R = 0.6) while white mulch had higher B:FR (0.58) in reflected light compared to black mulch (0.26). Reflective properties of red mulches were somewhat similar, and R:FR, B:R, and B:FR were 0.8, 0.2, and 0.18, respectively. However, SRM-Red mulch had highest total light (355 μmol·m–2·s–1 in 400–700 nm) transmission through the mulch, and R:FR, B:R, and B:FR were 0.84, 0.28, and 0.23, respectively. Light transmission through the other mulches was nonsignificant. Watermelon plants grown with black mulch and red mulches had higher internode lengths compared to white mulch after 20 days. Further, plants grown under black had significant higher petiole elongation accompanied with higher dry mass partitioning to petioles, and lower partitioning to roots, stems, and leaves. There was no effects of surface mulch color on total plant dry mass or photosynthesis although plants with black had higher transpiration rate. This suggests the differential regulation of dry mass partitioning among plant parts due to mulch color. The similar plant responses with black mulch and white mulch to plants treated with FR or R light at the end of photoperiod implies the involvement of phytochrome regulation of growth due to mulch surface color.

Facing drought in a Mediterranean post-fire community: tissue water relations in species with different life traits

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Borghetti ◽  
F. Magnani ◽  
A. Fabrizio ◽  
A. Saracino
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Tissue Water ◽  
Life Traits

Interactive effects of nitrogen and irradiance on growth and partitioning of dry mass and nitrogen in young tomato plants

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corine C. de Groot ◽  
Leo F. M. Marcelis ◽  
Riki van den Boogaard ◽  
Hans Lambers
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
High Irradiance ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
N Limitation ◽  
N Supply ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Growth Irradiance ◽  
Dry Mass Partitioning

The interactive effects of irradiance and N on growth of young tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were studied. Plants were grown at 70 or 300 μmol photons m–2 s–1, hereafter referred to as 'low' and 'high' irradiance, and at a range of exponential N supply rates (70–370 mg g–1 d–1) or at a constant concentration in the nutrient solution of 12 mM NO3–. At both irradiance levels, leaf area ratio was more important than net assimilation rate (NAR) in explaining effects of N on growth at mild N limitation. However, at severe N limitation, NAR became the most important parameter, as indicated by calculated growth response coefficients. Furthermore, this study shows that N supply and growth irradiance interacted strongly. The decrease of specific leaf area with increasing N limitation and increasing growth irradiance correlated with increasing leaf dry mass percentage and starch concentration. Furthermore, at low irradiance, plants partitioned more dry mass to the stem. Dry mass partitioning to roots increased with decreasing plant N concentration, and this relation appeared to be independent of irradiance. Shading increased plant N concentration and decreased dry mass partitioning to roots. Also, the relationship between plant N concentration and N partitioning to different plant organs was largely independent of growth irradiance.

scholarly journals Plant hydraulic traits reveal islands as refugia from worsening drought

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron R Ramirez ◽  
Mark E De Guzman ◽  
Todd E Dawson ◽  
David D Ackerly
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Channel Islands ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Plant Hydraulics ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Potential Climate Change

Abstract Relatively mesic environments within arid regions may be important conservation targets as ‘climate change refugia’ for species persistence in the face of worsening drought conditions. Semi-arid southern California and the relatively mesic environments of California’s Channel Islands provide a model system for examining drought responses of plants in potential climate change refugia. Most methods for detecting refugia are focused on ‘exposure’ of organisms to certain abiotic conditions, which fail to assess how local adaptation or acclimation of plant traits (i.e. ‘sensitivity’) contribute to or offset the benefits of reduced exposure. Here, we use a comparative plant hydraulics approach to characterize the vulnerability of plants to drought, providing a framework for identifying the locations and trait patterns that underlie functioning climate change refugia. Seasonal water relations, xylem hydraulic traits and remotely sensed vegetation indices of matched island and mainland field sites were used to compare the response of native plants from contrasting island and mainland sites to hotter droughts in the early 21st century. Island plants experienced more favorable water relations and resilience to recent drought. However, island plants displayed low plasticity/adaptation of hydraulic traits to local conditions, which indicates that relatively conserved traits of island plants underlie greater hydraulic safety and localized buffering from regional drought conditions. Our results provide an explanation for how California’s Channel Islands function as a regional climate refugia during past and current climate change and demonstrate a physiology-based approach for detecting potential climate change refugia in other systems.

Water Relations in Young Growing Wheat Leaves after Application of (2-Chloroethyl)trimethyl- ammoniumchloride (CCC) to the Roots of Wheat Seedlings

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 745-747
Author(s):  
Jutta Bode ◽  
Aloysius Wild
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Pressure Potential ◽  
Tissue Water ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Diffusive Resistance ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Synthetic Growth

Abstract The influence on the water relations of the third developing leaf of (2-chloroethyl)trimethylammoniumchloride, a synthetic growth regulator, applied to the roots of young wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) has been investigated. The tissue water potential and the pressure potential were found to be reduced by several bars in comparison to the untreated controls, whereas the osmotic potential remained unchanged. The content of soluble reducing sugars was considerably increased in the cell sap of CCC-treated leaves. With this accumulation, however, the turgor was not maintained. Additionally, CCC-treated leaves showed considerably lower transpiration rates and higher diffusive resistance than the controls. Thus, the application of CCC to the roots causes alterations in the water relations of developing wheat leaves, which resemble those induced by water deficiency.

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