Role of naphthalene acetic acid and phenothiol treatments on increasing fruit size and advancing fruit maturity in loquat

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Amorós ◽  
P. Zapata ◽  
M.T. Pretel ◽  
M.A. Botella ◽  
M.S. Almansa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Maturity

scholarly journals Role of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Callus Induction and Direct Regeneration in Physalis minima Linn

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sandhya ◽  
Rao Srinath
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Direct Regeneration ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Suitable protocol for induction of callus and regeneration was developed from different explants viz., node, stem and leaves in Physalis minima. MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations (1.0-4.0mg/l) of auxins like 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins (0.5-1.5mg/l) like BAP or Kn were used. All the three explants responded for induction of callus, however stem explants were found superior, followed by node and leaf. Callus induction was observed in all the auxins and combination of growth regulators used with varied mass (2010±1.10) and highest percentage of callus induction was observed from stem at 2.0mg/l 2,4-D (90%) followed by NAA (70%) and IAA (50%). Organogenesis was induced when nodal explants were transferred on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and Kn at various concentrations, maximum being on 2.0mg/l 2,4-D + 1.0mg/l Kn (90%). Regenerated shoots were elongated on 0.5mg/l GA3. The shoots were subsequently rooted on MS + 1.0mg/l IBA (95%) medium. Rooted shoots were hardened and acclimatized, later they were transferred to polycups containing soil, cocopeat and sand in the ratio 1:2:1.Keywords:Physalis minima, Node, Stem, Leaf, callus and growth regulators.

Thinning Golden Delicious apples with pre-bloom naphthalene acetic acid and later carbaryl sprays

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (126) ◽  
pp. 453 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Jones ◽  
TB Koen ◽  
RJ Meredith
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Golden Delicious

A trial in southern Tasmania examined the thinning effects of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on Golden Delicious apples. The NAA was applied at pink bud or balloon blossom at 12, 18 and 24 ppm, with or without carbaryl at 1800 ppm applied 10 d after full bloom. Carbaryl was also applied alone 10 and 20 d after full bloom, and a hand thinned treatment was included. The higher concentrations of NAA did the most thinning but only the hand-thinned and 24 ppm NAA at balloon blossom with carbaryl treatment thinned enough to produce the required fruit size. The NAA sprays at balloon blossom thinned considerably more than those at pink bud. Neither NAA nor carbaryl alone was as effective as the combination. Reduction of fruit numbers increased mean fruit weight from 101 g in the control to 149 g in the 24 ppm NAA at balloon blossom with carbaryl. There was no evidence that increasing the concentration of NAA reduced mean fruit weight. This trial demonstrates that the effect of balloon stage sprays of NAA combined with later carbaryl sprays on Golden Delicious is similar to that achieved by the normal practice of spraying with NAA 7-14 d after full blossom, followed by carbaryl at 20 d. Reduction from 128 fruit/ 100 blossom clusters in the control to 76 after spraying at balloon blossom is still outside present aims of 30-50 fruit and is not considered to be severe enough thinning to assure adequate fruit size.

Control of pudding spot in Crofton apple

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 503
Author(s):  
KM Jones ◽  
SA Bound ◽  
MJ Oakford ◽  
TB Koen
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Thinning Effect

Regularly cropped Crofton apple trees in southern Tasmania were thinned using sprays of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 10 mg/L or ethephon at 200 mg/L at balloon blossom (BB), full bloom (FB), 10 days after full bloom (DAFB) or 20 DAFB. These treatments were compared with hand thinning and an unthinned control. Ethephon had a uniformly mild thinning effect (about 30% compared to control), except at 10 DAFB, where no thinning occurred. NAA was inconsistent, thinning well at BB (50%), overthinning at both FB (85%) and 10 DAFB (88%), and underthinning at 20 DAFB (similar to the control). Ethephon applied at BB and FB increased both mean fruit weight (12 and 22%) and fruit size (28 and 79%), but later applications did not. NAA applications generally resulted in increased mean fruit weight and size, except for the 20 DAFB treatment, which was similar to the control. All ethephon treatments had a low incidence (43%) of pudding spot similar to the controls and hand-thinned treatments. Most NAA treatments showed significantly higher levels of pudding spot than the other treatments. It is concluded that ethephon is a more predictable thinner for Crofton than NAA, and its use to control pudding spot is recommended.

scholarly journals GROWTH, YIELD AND POSTHARVEST QUALITY OF WAX APPLE AS AFFECTED BY NAPHTHALENE ACETIC ACID APPLICATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-422
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD MONERUZZAMAN KHANDAKER ◽  
ABM SHARIF HOSSAIN ◽  
NORMANIZA OSMAN ◽  
NASHRIYAH MAT ◽  
AMRU NASRULHAQ BOYCE
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid

Results of this study represent the first report of the effect of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) on the pre and post harvest quality of wax apple fruit. The wax apple trees were spray treated with 0, 5, 10 and 20 mg L-1 NAA under field conditions during 2008 to 2011. The experiments were carried out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six replications. Leaf chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic yield, net photosynthetic rate, drymatter content of leaves and total soluble solids and K+content of wax apple fruits were significantly increased after treatments with 10 mg L-1. Polygalacturonase activity significantly decreased with NAA treatments. The application of 5 mg L-1 NAA increased 27% more bud and reduced 42% less fruit drop compared to the control. In addition, higher protein and phosphate synthase activity of leaves, fruit set, fruit growth, larger fruit size and yield were recorded in NAA treated plants. In storage, treated fruits exhibited higher TSS and firmness and less weight loss, browning, titratable acidity, respiration and ethylene production than the control. It is concluded that spraying with 5 and 10 mg L-1 NAA once a week under field conditions produced better fruit growth and yield of the wax apple and maintained better fruit quality in postharvest storage.

Polarity of regeneration in excised leaves of Crassula argentea. I. A role of auxin

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1058-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol E. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Wound Response ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Developmental Sequence ◽  
Agar Culture ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

High concentrations of four auxins, naphthalene acetic acid, indole 3-acetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and indole 3-butyric acid, added to leaf segments of Crassula argentea in agar culture eliminate the strong polarity of the regeneration by inducing the formation of distal plantlets. The auxins also changed the normal wound response by inducing the formation of callus on the cut surfaces. All of the auxins increased the numbers of roots formed and inhibited the number of shoots. Unlike cytokinin, which had no effect on the polarity but altered the developmental sequence of regeneration, none of the auxins had any effect on the normal developmental sequence of regeneration, but did affect the morphology of the newly formed roots. There were differential concentration responses for each of the four auxins.

Further studies on the use of 2-chloroethyl-phosphonic acid (ethephon) as a thinning agent for apples

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (100) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Veinbrants
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phosphonic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Series Of Experiments

In a series of experiments the growth regulator 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) at concentrations from 50 ppm to 400 ppm was applied at various stages during and after flowering to apple cultivars Golden Delicious, Gravenstein, Jonathan, Richared and Starkrimson. On the heavy setting Golden Delicious, Gravenstein and Jonathan cultivars, adequate thinning and satisfactory fruit size was obtained when ethephon at 100 ppm was applied at or shortly after full bloom, followed by naphthalene acetic acid. On the lighter setting Richared and Starkrimson cultivars, one ethephon spray at 100 ppm applied at or shortly after full bloom resulted in adequate thinning. All fruit were eliminated on Jonathan, Richared and Gravenstein cultivars when ethephon was applied at 400 ppm, 300 ppm and 200 ppm, 36, 35 and 42 days after full bloom, respectively.

scholarly journals Commercial-scale Use of Hydrogen Cyanamide for Apple and Peach Blossom Thinning

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Fallahi ◽  
Randy R. Lee ◽  
Gary A. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanamide ◽  
Air Blast ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Commercial Scale

Hydrogen cyanamide (Dormex, 50% a.i.) for blossom thinning `Early Spur Rome' and `Law Rome' apple (Malus×domestica Borkh.) and `Flavorcrest' peach (Prunus persica L.) was applied with air-blast sprayers on a commercial scale. Full-bloom applications of hydrogen cyanamide at 4 pts formulation per 200 gal/acre (1288 mg·L−1) and 5 pts formulation per 200 gal/acre (1610 mg·L−1) significantly reduced fruit set in apple and peach. In `Early Spur Rome', a postbloom application of carbaryl [Sevin XLR Plus, 4 lb a.i./gal (0.48 kg·L−1)] following a full-bloom spray of hydrogen cyanamide increased fruit thinning with a significant increase in fruit size compared to an application of hydrogen cyanamide alone. In `Law Rome', trees receiving a full-bloom application of hydrogen cyanamide followed by a postbloom application of 1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate (carbaryl) + naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) had significantly lower fruit set and larger fruit than those in the carbaryl + NAA treatment. Apples or peaches were not marked by hydrogen cyanamide.

scholarly journals Contexts between apple orchards with various cultivar comparisons and the effect of ATS (ammoniumthiosulphate) on fruit thinning

2013 ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Ádám Csihon
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Manual Labor ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hormone System

Our research focuses on a fruit thinning material that can also be used in apple production. This material reduces significantly the required manual labor of hand thinning by russeting the blossoms selectively. The ATS (ammonium-thiosulphate) acts as chemical desiccant contrary to the nowadays commonly used materials such as naphthalene acetic acid, naphthyl acetamide, benziladenin and ethylene, which affect the metabolic processes of the plant by regulating the hormone system. In our experimentals cultivar ’Pinova’ and ’Golden Reinders’ were treated with different concentrations of ATS. The effect of these doses on the fruit setting and the quality and quantity parameters of the fruits was studied. According to our results, in the case of cultivar ’Pinova’ the ATS did not have any detected effects at the concentration of 1.5%. Application of ATS at 3% decreased considerably the fruit setting and fruit yield, accordingly the mean fruit size improved. The response to treatment in the case cultivar ‘Golden Reinders’ does not have any similar consistent results.

scholarly journals Chemical Thinning of Loquat with Naphthalene Acetic Acid

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Bruno Razeto ◽  
Gabino Reginato ◽  
Sergio Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Sigmoid Curve ◽  
Thinning Effect

Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) belongs to the subfamily Pomoideae, and is an evergreen fruit tree which blooms in fall. Its inflorescence is a panicle. To attain commercial fruit size fruit thinning is done by hand. A chemical thinning trial was performed during the 1999-2000 growing season in Peumo, Cachapoal County, Sixth Region, Chile. Sixteen-year-old `Golden Nugget' loquat trees were treated with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at rates of 70, 140, and 280 g·ha-1 (1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 oz/acre), split into two or three applications beginning at early fruit set followed with sprays, 13 and/or 28 days later. Each treatment was applied to four randomly selected trees. At harvest, fruit number was measured in four panicles per tree and in the whole tree. NAA produced a thinning effect closely related to dose, with the highest doses inducing both highest flower thinning and the largest size of the fruit, but the lowest yield per tree. Lower doses produced fruit size and yield similar to those of hand-thinned check trees. Fruit load, expressed as trunk cross sectional area (TCSA), reached 1.8 to 9.1 fruit/cm2 TCSA (11.6 to 58.7 fruit/inch2 TCSA) in treated trees in comparison to 20 fruit/cm2 TCSA (121 fruit/inch2 TCSA) of the nontreated trees. NAA treatments did not affect the number of seeds per fruit. Total dose of 140 g·ha-1 NAA was the most effective in reducing fruit number, whether split into two or three applications. Fruit development seemed to conform to a double sigmoid curve, with a high rate of growth during fall, a lower one through the winter, in order to recover the growth rate in spring until maturity.

Role of SOD in the protection of Rhizophora mangle on gastric injury induced by ethanol, ischaemia-reperfusion and acetic acid in rats

Planta Medica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
FM de-Faria ◽  
A Luiz-Ferreira ◽  
ACA Almeida ◽  
V Barbastefano ◽  
MA Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Rhizophora Mangle ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Ischaemia Reperfusion
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