Hematocrit and blood osmolality in developing chicken embryos (Gallus gallus): In vivo and in vitro regulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 179 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 142-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Andrewartha ◽  
Hiroshi Tazawa ◽  
Warren W. Burggren
Keyword(s):  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Blood Osmolality

scholarly journals A Combined In Vitro (Caco-2 Cell) and In Vivo (Gallus gallus) Assessment Reveals the Iron Benefits of Consuming the Fast Cooking Manteca Yellow Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (P10-114-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Wiesinger ◽  
Raymond Glahn ◽  
Karen Cichy ◽  
Nikolai Kolba ◽  
Jon Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Objectives The common dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a globally produced pulse crop and an important source of protein and micronutrients for millions of people across Latin America and Africa. In these regions, energy for cooking is expensive or scarce and long cooking times deter consumers from purchasing beans. In addition, many of the preferred black and red seed types have phytate and polyphenols that limit the absorption of trace minerals. Yellow beans are unique because their seed coats are rich in kaempferol 3-glucoside, a recently discovered promoter of iron absorption. Several market classes of yellow beans are sold throughout Latin America and Africa, where they are marketed at premium prices for their fast cooking tendencies. Exploring the yellow bean's unique heritage to develop new fast cooking varieties that deliver more absorbable iron would be useful for regions where inhabitants have limited access to fuelwood for cooking. This study compared the iron bioavailability of three fast cooking yellow beans from Africa with contrasting seed coat colors (Manteca, Amarillo, Njano) to slower cooking white and red kidney commercial varieties from North America (Table 1). Methods Cooked beans were formulated into diets with the complementary food crops of potato, rice and cabbage. Iron bioavailability was measured as ferritin formation in an in vitro digestion Caco-2 bioassay and the ability to maintain total body iron hemoglobin (Hb-Fe) during a 6 week in vivo (Gallus gallus) feeding trial. Results Animals fed yellow bean diets had faster growth rates, accumulated more dietary iron and had higher Hb-Fe than animals fed either kidney bean diet (Figure 1). In contrast to yellow beans, the kidney beans had almost no kaempferol 3-glucoside (Table 2). When compared to the other four bean based diets, the fast cooking Manteca yellow bean diet had the highest Caco-2 ferritin formation in vitro (Table 3) and delivered the largest increase in Hb-Fe in vivo (Figure 1). Conclusions Through the added benefit of fast preparation times and improved iron quality after cooking, this study provides evidence that the Manteca market class is worthy of germplasm enhancement as a new convenience food to help alleviate trace mineral deficiencies in regions where beans are widely accepted as a dietary staple. Funding Sources USDA-NIFA. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Intense Expression of GFP Gene in Gonads of Chicken Embryos by Transfecting Circulating Primordial Germ Cells in vitro and in vivo

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Naito ◽  
Takeo Minematsu ◽  
Takashi Harumi ◽  
Takashi Kuwana
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Gfp Gene

scholarly journals Atividade anti-helmíntica de Spigelia anthelmia no controle de parasitos gastrintestinais de Gallus gallus

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilmar Ferreira Vita ◽  
Ildemar Ferreira ◽  
Maria Angélica Vieira Da Costa Pereira ◽  
Argemiro Sanavria ◽  
Rita de Cássia Martins Aurnheimer
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Veterinary Parasitology ◽  
World Association

A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Departamento de Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro e Setor de Parasitologia Animal da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, no período de 2015 a 2018. O objetivo foi testar in vitro e in vivo a eficácia da planta medicinal Spigelia anthelmia Linnaeus, nas formas fitoterápica e homeopática, como meios alternativos para o controle de endoparasitos de Gallus gallus Linnaeus (1758), um sério problema que afeta a criação e desempenho de aves domésticas, ocasionando morte quando muito intenso, retardo de crescimento, redução de índice de conversão alimentar e aumento na suscetibilidade às doenças infecciosas. Para o experimento in vitro, foi realizado teste de inibição de eclosão de ovos e teste de inibição do desenvolvimento larvar; e, para o experimento in vivo, foi realizado teste de redução da contagem de ovos nas fezes. As metodologias utilizadas para execução dos testes foram preconizadas por Coles et al. (1992), creditada pela World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP), organização referência para testes anti-helmínticos, e por Hubert & Kerboeuf (1992). S. anthelmia demonstrou alta taxa de eficácia nos experimentos in vitro e in vivo, com valores acima de 80,00%. O presente estudo evidenciou a presença dos gêneros Ascaridia (14,00%), Capillaria (60,00%) e Heterakis (26,00%). A planta apresentou em certos momentos valores superiores ao produto tradicional utilizado (Febendazol), ficando dentro dos índices propostos pela WAAVP, Ministério da Agricultura do Brasil e Organização Mundial da Saúde, como indicativos de eficácia.

White Beans Provide More Bioavailable Iron than Red Beans: Studies in Poultry (Gallus gallus) and an in vitro Digestion/Caco-2 Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 416-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elad Tako ◽  
Raymond P. Glahn
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Divalent Metal Transporter 1 ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Red Bean

Iron-biofortification of crops is a strategy that alleviates iron deficiency. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an attractive candidate for biofortification. However, beans are high in polyphenols that may inhibit iron absorption. In vitro studies have shown that iron bioavailability from white beans is higher than that from colored beans. In this study, our objective was to determine if white beans contain more bioavailable iron than red beans and to determine if the in vitro observations of bean-iron bioavailability would be evident in an in vivo feeding trial. We compared iron bioavailability between diets containing either white (Matterhorn) or red (Merlot) beans, which differ in polyphenol content. One-week-old chicks (Gallus gallus) were divided into four groups: 1. “WB”: 40 % white-bean diet; 2. “RB” :40 % red-bean diet; 3. “WB + Fe”: 40 % white-bean diet; 4. “RB + Fe”: 40 % red-bean diet (51, 47, 179, and 175 ppm iron, respectively). Diets 1 and 2 had no supplemental iron; whereas 125 µg/g iron was added to diets 3 and 4. For 8 weeks, hemoglobin, feed consumption, and body weights were measured. Divalent metal transporter 1 (iron-uptake-transporter), duodenal-cytochrome-B (iron reductase), and ferroportin (iron-exporter) expressions were higher (p < 0.05), villus-surface-area (tissue iron-deficiency adaptation) was greater in the “RB” group vs. other groups. Cecal microflora was similar between treatments. Hemoglobin, body-hemoglobin iron, and body weights were lower in the “RB” group vs. other groups (p < 0.05). In vitro analysis showed lower ferritin formation (less bioavailable iron) in cells exposed to the “RB” diet. We conclude that the in vivo results support the in vitro observations; i. e., white beans contain more bioavailable iron than red beans.

scholarly journals Improved Method forEx Ovo-Cultivation of Developing Chicken Embryos for Human Stem Cell Xenografts

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Schomann ◽  
Firas Qunneis ◽  
Darius Widera ◽  
Christian Kaltschmidt ◽  
Barbara Kaltschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Chicken Embryos

The characterization of human stem cells for the usability in regenerative medicine is particularly based on investigations regarding their differentiation potentialin vivo. In this regard, the chicken embryo model represents an ideal model organism. However, the access to the chicken embryo is only achievable by windowing the eggshell resulting in limited visibility and accessibility in subsequent experiments. On the contrary,ex ovo-culture systems avoid such negative side effects. Here, we present an improvedex ovo-cultivation method enabling the embryos to survive 13 daysin vitro. Optimized cultivation of chicken embryos resulted in a normal development regarding their size and weight. Ourex ovo-approach closely resembles the development of chicken embryosin ovo, as demonstrated by properly developed nervous system, bones, and cartilage at expected time points. Finally, we investigated the usability of our method for trans-species transplantation of adult stem cells by injecting human neural crest-derived stem cells into late Hamburger and Hamilton stages (HH26–HH28/E5—E6) ofex ovo-incubated embryos. We demonstrated the integration of human cells allowing experimentally easy investigation of the differentiation potential in the proper developmental context. Taken together, thisex ovo-method supports the prolonged cultivation of properly developing chicken embryos enabling integration studies of xenografted mammalian stem cells at late developmental stages.

scholarly journals Eficácia de Chenopodium ambrosioides (erva-de-santa-maria) no controle de endoparasitos de Gallus gallus (galinha caipira)

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilmar F. Vita ◽  
Ildemar Ferreira ◽  
Maria A. V. Costa Pereira ◽  
José R. Azevedo ◽  
Argemiro Sanavria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽  
Veterinary Parasitology ◽  
World Association ◽  
Santa Maria

A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Laboratório de Zoologia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro e Setor de Parasitologia Animal da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2011 a 2012. O objetivo foi testar in vitro e in vivo a eficácia da planta medicinal Chenopodium ambrosioides Linnaeus, 1786 (erva-de-santa-maria), nas formas fitoterápica e homeopática, como meios alternativos para o controle de endoparasitos de Gallus gallus Linnaeus, 1758 (galinha caipira), um sério problema que afeta a criação e desempenho de aves domésticas, ocasionando morte quando muito intenso, retardo de crescimento, redução do índice de conversão alimentar e aumento na suscetibilidade às doenças infecciosas. As metodologias utilizadas foram preconizadas por Coles et al. (1992), creditada pela World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP). O ensaio in vitro demonstrou alta taxa de redução na inibição de eclosão de ovos (97,18%), e o ensaio in vivo, elevada taxa na redução da contagem de ovos nas fezes (91,67%). A pesquisa evidenciou a presença dos gêneros Ascaridia (35,00%), Capillaria (30,00%), Heterakis (25,00%) e Strongyloides (10,00%). C. ambrosioides mostrou em certos momentos superioridade frente ao produto tradicional (Thiabendazole/Mebendazole) e índices superiores aos preconizados pelo Ministério da Agricultura do Brasil e Organização Mundial da Saúde como indicativos de eficácia.

scholarly journals Effect of Muscle Extract and Graphene Oxide on Muscle Structure of Chicken Embryos

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3467
Author(s):  
Jaśmina Bałaban ◽  
Marlena Zielińska ◽  
Mateusz Wierzbicki ◽  
Teresa Ostaszewska ◽  
Magdalena Fajkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Muscle Structure

The effects of CEME and it complex with GO injected in ovo on the growth and development of chicken embryo hindlimb muscle were investigated. First, the preliminary in vitro study on primary muscle precursor cell culture obtained from a nine-day-old chicken embryo was performed to assess toxicity (MTT assay) of CEME, GO (100 ppm) and it complex with different concentrations (1, 2, 5, and 10 wt.%). The effect on cell proliferation was investigated by BrdU assay. CEME at concentrations 1–5% increased cell proliferation, but not the complex with GO. In vitro cytotoxicity was highest in 10% and GO groups. Next, the main experiment with chicken embryos was performed with CEME, GO and it complex injected in ovo on day one of embryogenesis. On day 20 of embryogenesis survival, morphological development, histological structure of the muscle, and biochemical parameters of blood serum of the embryos were measured. No negative effect on mortality, body weight, or biochemistry of blood after use of CEME or GO-CEME complexes was observed. Interestingly, the slight toxicity of GO, observed in in vitro studies, was not observed in vivo. The use of CEME at the levels of 2% and 5% improved the structure of the lower limb muscle by increasing the number of cells, and the administration of 2% CEME increased the number of nuclei visible in the stained cross-section of the muscle. The complex GO-CEME did not further improve the muscle structure. The results indicate that CEME can be applied as an in ovo enhancer of muscle development in broilers.

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