scholarly journals The crossed phrenic phenomenon and recovery of function following spinal cord injury

2009 ◽  
Vol 169 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry G. Goshgarian
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Crossed Phrenic Phenomenon

The nitrosteroid NCX 1015, a prednisolone derivative, improves recovery of function in rats after spinal cord injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 1062 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Mallei ◽  
Sadia A. Aden ◽  
Alessia Bachis ◽  
Cinzia Brandoli ◽  
Ennio Ongini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Nogo receptor decoy promotes recovery and corticospinal growth in non-human primate spinal cord injury

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 1697-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingxing Wang ◽  
Tianna Zhou ◽  
George D Maynard ◽  
Pramod S Terse ◽  
William B Cafferty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Nogo Receptor ◽  
Human Dose ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Human Primate

Abstract After CNS trauma such as spinal cord injury, the ability of surviving neural elements to sprout axons, reorganize neural networks and support recovery of function is severely restricted, contributing to chronic neurological deficits. Among limitations on neural recovery are myelin-associated inhibitors functioning as ligands for neuronal Nogo receptor 1 (NgR1). A soluble decoy (NgR1-Fc, AXER-204) blocks these ligands and provides a means to promote recovery of function in multiple preclinical rodent models of spinal cord injury. However, the safety and efficacy of this reagent in non-human primate spinal cord injury and its toxicological profile have not been described. Here, we provide evidence that chronic intrathecal and intravenous administration of NgR1-Fc to cynomolgus monkey and to rat are without evident toxicity at doses of 20 mg and greater every other day (≥2.0 mg/kg/day), and far greater than the projected human dose. Adult female African green monkeys underwent right C5/6 lateral hemisection with evidence of persistent disuse of the right forelimb during feeding and right hindlimb during locomotion. At 1 month post-injury, the animals were randomized to treatment with vehicle (n = 6) or 0.10–0.17 mg/kg/day of NgR1-Fc (n = 8) delivered via intrathecal lumbar catheter and osmotic minipump for 4 months. One animal was removed from the study because of surgical complications of the catheter, but no treatment-related adverse events were noted in either group. Animal behaviour was evaluated at 6–7 months post-injury, i.e. 1–2 months after treatment cessation. The use of the impaired forelimb during spontaneous feeding and the impaired hindlimb during locomotion were both significantly greater in the treatment group. Tissue collected at 7–12 months post-injury showed no significant differences in lesion size, fibrotic scar, gliosis or neuroinflammation between groups. Serotoninergic raphespinal fibres below the lesion showed no deficit, with equal density on the lesioned and intact side below the level of the injury in both groups. Corticospinal axons traced from biotin-dextran-amine injections in the left motor cortex were equally labelled across groups and reduced caudal to the injury. The NgR1-Fc group tissue exhibited a significant 2–3-fold increased corticospinal axon density in the cervical cord below the level of the injury relative to the vehicle group. The data show that NgR1-Fc does not have preclinical toxicological issues in healthy animals or safety concerns in spinal cord injury animals. Thus, it presents as a potential therapeutic for spinal cord injury with evidence for behavioural improvement and growth of injured pathways in non-human primate spinal cord injury.

Effects of autoimmunity on recovery of function in adult rats following spinal cord injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1217-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
He-Zuo Lü ◽  
Liang Xu ◽  
Jian Zou ◽  
Yan-Xia Wang ◽  
Zheng-Wen Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Cord Injury

Criteria for Assessing Recovery of Function After Spinal Cord Injury: Behavioral Methods*,†

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL E. GOLDBERGER ◽  
BARBARA S. BREGMAN ◽  
CHARLES J. VIERCK ◽  
MARGARET BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Behavioral Methods

Transplant Therapy: Recovery of Function after Spinal Cord Injury

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 479-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDWARD A. ZOMPA ◽  
LISA D. CAIN ◽  
ALEX W. EVERHART ◽  
MARY PAT MOYER ◽  
CLAIRE E. HULSEBOSCH
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Neuroprotection, Recovery of Function and Endogenous Neurogenesis in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Following Transplantation of Activated Adipose Tissue

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephana Carelli ◽  
Toniella Giallongo ◽  
Federica Rey ◽  
Mattia Colli ◽  
Delfina Tosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Spinal Cord Tissue ◽  
Lesion Site ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Fat Transplant

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease, which leads to paralysis and is associated to substantially high costs for the individual and society. At present, no effective therapies are available. Here, the use of mechanically-activated lipoaspirate adipose tissue (MALS) in a murine experimental model of SCI is presented. Our results show that, following acute intraspinal MALS transplantation, there is an engraftment at injury site with the acute powerful inhibition of the posttraumatic inflammatory response, followed by a significant progressive improvement in recovery of function. This is accompanied by spinal cord tissue preservation at the lesion site with the promotion of endogenous neurogenesis as indicated by the significant increase of Nestin-positive cells in perilesional areas. Cells originated from MALS infiltrate profoundly the recipient cord, while the extra-dural fat transplant is gradually impoverished in stromal cells. Altogether, these novel results suggest the potential of MALS application in the promotion of recovery in SCI.

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