scholarly journals High blood pressure in pediatric care: Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 339-340
Author(s):  
Marília Loureiro
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Pediatric Care

Risk prediction for subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in rotational shift workers in the arctic

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Shurkevich ◽  
A Vetoshkin ◽  
L Gapon ◽  
A Simonyan ◽  
V Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Correct Prediction ◽  
Shift Workers

Abstract Introduction High prevalence of cardiovascular events at northern latitudes determines the necessity of studying mechanisms of formation and early diagnosis of atherosclerotic process. Purpose To determine the most unfavorable prognostic factors that provide the percentage of correct prediction and high accuracy in detection of atherosclerotic plaque (ASP) in common carotid arteries (CCA) in rotational shift workers in the Arctic. Methods Within 2010–2012 a study of 424 males aged 30–59 years at the medical unit “Gazprom dobycha Yamburg” (Yamburg settlement, 68°N) was performed. Patients were randomized into 2 groups according to blood pressure (BP). Gr.I included 294 people with BP more than 140/90 mmHg, arterial hypertension (AH) of 1,2 stage and Gr.II included 130 people with BP less than 140/90 mmHg. Groups did not differ in age (46.9±5.8 years, p=0.435); total work experience in the Arctic: 16.5±6.8 years (p=0.512) and rotational shiftwork duration: 12.5±4.6 years (p=0.597). Office BP was 149.4±13.3/97.1±7.3 mmHg in Gr.I and 123.4±7.5/80.5±5.5 mmHg in Gr.II. Ultrasound examination of carotid arteries with determination of presence or absence of ASP in CCA and estimation of stenosis using NASCET method were performed; ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted; blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol were determined. Statistical analysis was carried out using R (v. 3.6.1) programming language for statistical data processing of R Studio application package (v. 1.2.1335). Results Signs of CCA atherosclerosis were revealed in 56% of patients with AH and in 25% of those without AH. According to multivariate analysis, three variables with the most significant set of predictors, associated with ASP in CCA with the percentage of correct prediction of 75.9% were selected by step-by-step method: diastolic BP24 (<0.0001), glucose (0.0167) and cholesterol (0.0439). Based on the obtained model, it was concluded that 1 mmHg increase in diastolic BP24 increases the risk for developing ASP by 5.9%, Exp. (Beta) = 1.059, 1 mmol/l increase in glucose and cholesterol escalates the risk by 44.1% and 25.2%, respectively: Exp. (Beta) = 1.441 and Exp. (Beta) = 1.252. Conclusion The data obtained will improve accuracy for the early diagnosis of subclinical atherosclerosis of CCA, allow to prescribe lipid-lowering therapy timely and reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in rotational shift workers in the Arctic. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Healthwise, Part 4. Hypertension: how to treat it and how to reduce its risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 484-490
Author(s):  
Linda Nazarko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension

The number of adults with high blood pressure, hypertension, is increasing globally and nationally. Hypertension increases the risk of an individual developing life-changing, long-term conditions. This article, the fourth in a series, explores the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension and the consequences of unmanaged hypertension. It explains how readers can remain healthy and well by reducing the risks of hypertension and managing it well.

scholarly journals Determinants of high blood pressure and barriers to diagnosis and treatment in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2353-2364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M. Zack ◽  
Kahema Irema ◽  
Patrick Kazonda ◽  
Germana H. Leyna ◽  
Enju Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment

scholarly journals Justification of the model for improvement of activities for hypertension early diagnosis and prevention

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 755-763
Author(s):  
V A Reshetnikov ◽  
V V Kozlov ◽  
V V Royuk ◽  
N O Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension

Aim. To develop medical and organizational measures to optimize the early diagnosis and prevention of hypertension complications.Methods. A study of the hypertension incidence in population of Krasnogorsk city based on the analysis of report forms was performed. A questionnaire survey of 400 office workers of working age for the presence of high blood pressure was conducted.Results. It was found that, despite the downward trend in the prevalence and incidence of hypertension in population served by Krasnogorsk City Hospital №1, as well as the decrease in the relative frequency of hospital admissions of patients with hypertension in 2011-2015, mortality due to hypertension-related causes does not decrease. The results of the survey and blood pressure measurement in 400 office workers of working age have shown that only 30.8% of respondents regularly monitor the blood pressure, and women 3.5 times more often than men. In 14.5% of examined persons, who claimed that they have no high blood pressure, unstable blood pressure, in 19.1% - high blood pressure is detected.Conclusion. As an important measure for the early detection and correction of hypertension, the organization of units for measuring blood pressure at workplaces in organizations and institutions should be considered. Heads of organizations and institutions, in agreement and cooperation with the healthcare authorities, are recommended to organize units for measuring blood pressure at the personnel workplace and purchase devices for measuring blood pressure. Local healthcare authorities should organize trainings of the institutions personnel on self-measured blood pressure monitoring by means of collective actions involving volunteer health professionals in health centers, and in organizations and institutions, if possible.

scholarly journals Frequency of Detection of the Main Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Events Among Servicemen

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Mariana Seliuk ◽  
Marianna Peshkova ◽  
Mykola Kozachok
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading diseases in Ukraine and are the cause of more than half of deaths. They are inextricably linked to lifestyle, diet, bad habits, physical activity, stressors and are the cause of other risk factors. The most common of these are unmodified factors, such as: gender, age, heredity; and modified: dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, overweight and obesity, diabetes mellitus, smoking, psychosocial factors. According to the results of the published STEPS study in 2019, conducted together with the WHO, which analyzed risk factors among the civilian population of Ukraine aged 18 to 69 years. It was noted that 32,8% of the population had risk factors for CVD. High blood pressure or hypertension was observed in 34,8% of the population. The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 7,1%. Only 39,6% of the population of Ukraine had a normal weight for BMI, 59,1% were overweight, including 24,8% of the population were obese. 33,9% were active smokers, and alcohol consumption was observed in 19,7% of the population. Given the data from the STEPS study, we were interested in the frequency of detection of the main risk factors for cardiovascular events among servicemen. The objective: of the study is to determine the frequency of detection of the main risk factors for cardiovascular events among active servicemen and retirees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs at the stage of inpatient treatment in the conditions of NVMKC «GVKG». Materials and methods. Random sampling was used to analyze 104 case histories of patients in the cardiology department of NVMKC «GVKG» for the period from January 2018 to December 2019. Risk factors and the frequency with which they occur in different categories of patients were studied. The examination group consisted of male patients (100% of cases) aged 33 to 93 years, the average was 66,55±1,47 years. To study the age characteristics of the prevalence of CVD risk factors, patients were divided into two groups: Group I active servicemen, whose average age was 46,41±1,78 years; Group II retirees MOU, whose average age was 71,95±1,26 years. Statistical processing of the results was performed by methods of variation, parametric and non parametric statistics of medical and biological profile using a package of original applied statistical programs «Microsoft Ecxel», «Statistica 7.0». Results. According to the results of the study, the indicators of blood pressure in group I were analyzed: the indicators of mean systolic and diastolic pressure were 129,09±3,86 / 80,45±2,71 mm Hg (n=22). In group II, the average systolic and diastolic pressure were: 138,84±2,41 / 82,99±1,22 mm Hg (n=82). To assess blood pressure, we chose the classification proposed by the WHO in the study (STEPS-2019) for the possibility of compara tive analysis. The percentage of patients in group I with normal blood pressure was 77,27%; high blood pressure was observed in 22,73% of patients, according to the results of their own study, high blood pressure was not detected. In patients of group II normal blood pressure was registered in 63,41%, elevated in 26,83% of patients and high blood pressure was observed in 9,76% of patients. Examining the indicators of laboratory studies, we found that an increase in cholesterol was observed in 45,5% of cases in group I, and in 22,7% of cases the level of cholesterol was not determined. In group II, an increase in cholesterol levels was found in 35,4% of cases, in 13,4% of cases the cholesterol level was not determined. According to the results of the study, an increase in blood glucose levels was observed in 10,6% of cases and 55,8% of cases in group II. Normal blood glucose levels were in 33,7% of patients. The percentage of patients with concomitant type II diabetes was 1,9% of cases of group I, and 14.4% of cases of group II. 72,2% of Group I servicemen and 64.6% of Group II servicemen had an elevated BMI. 50% had a bad habit – smoking in the first group and 18,3% in the second group. Conclusions. We found that the indicators of high blood pressure in groups I and II were 22,73% and 26,83%, which is 12,07% and 6,77% less than among the civilian population of Ukraine where the rate of high blood pressure was 34,8%. The level of total cholesterol is 4,8% higher in patients of group I (45,5%) than among the civilian population of Ukraine (40,7%). In group II by 5,3% less (35,4%), respectively, from the study. The rate of elevated fasting blood glucose in group I (10,6%) is 3,5% higher, and in group II (55,8%), 48,7% higher than the results obtained among the civilian population of Ukraine, where the level of glycemia was 7,1%. The incidence of type II diabetes mellitus in group I (1,9%), which is 1,9% less than the results obtained among the population of Ukraine, where the result was 3,8%, and in group II (14,4%) by 10,6% more, respectively. The increase in BMI in patients of groups I and II was 40,9% and 46,3%, which is 18,2% and 12,8% lower than the data obtained among the civilian population of Ukraine, where the percentage of overweight was 59,1%. The prevalence of smoking among servicemen is 6,68% lower than among the civilian population of Ukraine (33,9%) and amounted to 27,04%.

Abstract 207: High Blood Pressure Effects on the Outcomes of Cardiovascular Events: Teaching versus Non Teaching Hospitals

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla O Okunji ◽  
Johnnie Daniel ◽  
Anthony Wutoh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Disease

Background: The effects of blood pressure on outcomes of inpatients with cardiovascular related diseases in teaching and non teaching hospitals are not well known. In this study we are investigating the prevalence of hypertension and other co-morbidities on the length of stay and transfers of inpatients’ with heart attack in teaching and non teaching hospitals. Method: Patients were selected using International Classification of Diseases-9-Clinical Modification primary diagnosis codes from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Data were retrospectively extracted from 1,056 hospitals in 42 States with 8,158,381 samples in 2008. Multivariate statistical techniques were used to examine patient characteristics and outcomes of inpatient with heart attack, diabetes and other co-morbidities in teaching and non teaching hospitals. Results: The percentage of hospital length of stay for a day or less than one day was higher in non- teaching than in teaching hospitals for patients’ co-morbidities. Especially for hypertension, the percentage was higher in non-teaching hospitals, X 2 = 25.236, df = 6, p =.000. The percentage of longer lengths of stay (7-13 days) for congestive heart failure (CHF) was also higher in non teaching hospitals (34.9%) than teaching hospitals (25%). The results correlate with the symptomatic effects of heart attack. High blood pressure resulting into rupture, clot and necrotic tissues which limits blood circulation, hence heart attack. In addition, inpatients’ with chronic pulmonary disease (X 2 = 37.225, df = 4, p =.000) and hypertension (X 2 = 46.058, df = 4, p =.000) had higher transfer rates in non-teaching hospitals. The difference between teaching and non-teaching hospitals was statistically significant for chronic pulmonary disease and hypertension was large enough to affect clinical policy. Conclusions: This study has ascertained that the effect of hypertension on the length of stay and transfers of inpatients with cardiovascular events in teaching and non teaching hospitals is highly significant. Hence, it is suggested that there should be a policy in place to screen all patients for hypertension and other co-morbidities on admission to prevent cardiovascular complications.

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