Central Nervous System Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Jafri ◽  
Sarah L. Patterson ◽  
Cristina Lanata
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Systemic Lupus

scholarly journals Autoantibodies in Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE): Can They Be Used as Biomarkers for the Differential Diagnosis of This Disease?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Manca
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus is a complex immunological disease where both environmental factors and genetic predisposition lead to the dysregulation of important immune mechanisms. Eventually, the combination of these factors leads to the production of self-reactive antibodies that can target any organ or tissue of the human body. Autoantibodies can form immune complexes responsible for both the organ damage and the most severe complications. Involvement of the central nervous system defines a subcategory of the disease, generally known with the denomination of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Neuropsychiatric symptoms can range from relatively mild manifestations, such as headache, to more severe complications, such as psychosis. The evaluation of the presence of the autoantibodies in the serum of these patients is the most helpful diagnostic tool for the assessment of the disease. The scientific progresses achieved in the last decades helped researchers and physicians to discover some of autoepitopes targeted by the autoantibodies, although the majority of them have not been identified yet. Additionally, the central nervous system is full of epitopes that cannot be found elsewhere in the human body, for this reason, autoantibodies that selectively target these epitopes might be used for the differential diagnosis between patients with and without the neuropsychiatric symptoms. In this review, the most relevant data is reported with regard to mechanisms implicated in the production of autoantibodies and the most important autoantibodies found among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with and without the neuropsychiatric manifestations.

scholarly journals The role of ophthalmic imaging in central nervous system degeneration in systemic lupus erythematosus

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaldo Dias-Santos ◽  
Rita Pinto Proença ◽  
Joana Tavares Ferreira ◽  
Sofia Pinheiro ◽  
João Paulo Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Ophthalmic Imaging ◽  
System Degeneration

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Related Disorders

2014 ◽  
pp. 257-270
Author(s):  
Bonnie L. Bermas
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Multisystem Disease

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem disease that preferentially affects women of childbearing age. This disorder is both more common and more severe in individuals of African and Asian ancestry. The etiology of SLE is not well understood, although genetics and environmental stimuli clearly are involved. Whether this disease is caused by a T-cell, B-cell, or other immunologic malfunction is debated, but all would agree that clearly autoantibodies such as antinuclear antibodies and anti–double-stranded DNA contribute to the pathophysiology of this disorder. This multisystem disease can affect the skin, joints, lungs, heart, kidneys, and central nervous system. Most of the morbidity and mortality is from renal and central nervous system (CNS) involvement, although accelerated atherosclerosis has recently been appreciated as a major contributor to disease burden. The treatment of SLE has improved over the past decade with less reliance on high-dose corticosteroids and more emphasis on immunosuppressive agents. It is our hope that future research into the pathophysiology of this disorder and the development of more specific therapy, such as biologics, will improve the outcome of this disease.

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