Environmental Changes across the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in north-west Europe: new data from March Hill, northern England

2012 ◽  
Vol 279-280 ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Sarah Kneen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
North West ◽  
Neolithic Transition

Environmental changes during Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in Kuyavia Lakeland, Central Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Makohonienko ◽  
Mateusz Płóciennik ◽  
Piotr Papiernik ◽  
Piotr Kittel ◽  
Mariusz Gałka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Neolithic Transition ◽  
Central Poland

scholarly journals The Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in western Scotland and its European context

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bonsall ◽  
D. E. Anderson ◽  
M. G. Macklin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
North West ◽  
Neolithic Transition ◽  
European Context ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Cereal Cultivation

The transition is considered in terms of four related questions: (i) HOW did the shift from foraging to farming happen? (ii) WHY did it happen? (iii) WHEN did it happen? (iv) WHY did it happen WHEN it did? The adoption of farming coincided with a shift to a more continental-type climate with lower winter precipitation, which improved the prospects for cereal cultivation. It is sug- gested that this was a key factor in the transition from Mesolithic to Neolithic across north-west Eu- rope as a whole.

Going over: people and their times

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alasdair Whittle
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
North West ◽  
Neolithic Transition ◽  
Personal Reflections ◽  
Quality Of Research

This concluding chapter does not aim to be a magisterial overview or a comprehensive summary. The preceding chapters speak for themselves of the range and quality of research currently being carried out across north-west Europe relevant to the Mesolithic–Neolithic transition. Instead, the chapter offers some brief, personal reflections on what we are doing well and what we could still do better, and thus tries to define some of the continuing challenges for future research.

ULVS XXVI: Sedimentological and Palynological Studies of Holocene Environmental Changes from a Plateau Basin Infill Sequence at Grerat D'nar Salem, near Beni Ulid, in the Tripolitanian Pre-desert

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Gilbertson ◽  
C. O. Hunt ◽  
N. R. J. Fieller
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
North West ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Modern Landscape ◽  
Early And Middle Holocene ◽  
The Town

AbstractThis paper describes an integrated series of sedimentological and palynological studies of the arenaceous deposits which infill the large alluvial basin of Grerat D'nar Salem, which is located on a limestone plateau in the semi-arid pre-desert of Tripolitania north-west of the town of Beni Ulid. This research shows that in the early and middle Holocene this depression was occupied by a large semi-permanent or permanent water body which was surrounded by a grass-steppe vegetation with some tree and shrub species, perhaps growing in wetter stream- and wadi-beds. Sometime in the mid-Holocene the region became much more arid, the lake disappeared, matching the pattern of environmental change observed elsewhere in northern Africa. The geomor-phic environment became dominated by aeolian processes, interrupted by occasional winter floods, in a landscape dominated by grass steppe — essentially the situation that has continued to the present day. It is clear from general biogeographical and geomorphic considerations that Romano-Libyan floodwater farming in the region must have brought about significant changes in the character of wadi floors. Field survey indicates that it has also left a legacy in the contemporary distribution of plants, animals and runoff in the modern landscape. Nevertheless, no clear evidence has emerged from this study that the widespread and intensive flood-water farming, evidenced by the archaeological remains in the area, was associated with either a climate or a landscape notably different from that of today. The new palynological evidence suggests that the nature of the related ancient cultivation at Grerat is better viewed as a monoculture, rather than the mixed farming deduced previously for wadi-floor areas. There is no evidence that any naturally-occurring environmental change was associated with the introduction or loss of floodwater farming in the region. There is some sedimentological evidence that such activity might have led to problems of soil salinity in this basin.

scholarly journals Palaeoenvironmental reconstructions during the Meso- to Neolithic transition (9.2–5.3 cal. ka BP) in Northwestern France: Palynological evidences

The Holocene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Lambert ◽  
Muriel Vidal ◽  
Aurélie Penaud ◽  
Pascal Le Roy ◽  
Evelyne Goubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Palynological Analysis ◽  
Neolithic Transition ◽  
The North ◽  
Bay Of Brest ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
Climate Events

Sedimentological, palynological, and micropalaeontological studies carried out throughout the first half of the Holocene, during the Mesolithic/Neolithic transition in the Bay of Brest (i.e. 9200–9000 and 6600–5300 cal. BP) and in the Bay of Douarnenez (i.e. 9200–8400 cal. BP), allowed characterizing coastal environmental changes under the increasing influence of the relative sea-level rise. The gradual flooding of the two studied sites implied a transition from river valleys to oceanic bays as revealed by the gradual retreat of salt marsh environments, as detected through palynological analysis. In addition, these high-resolution studies highlight the regional imprint of the North Atlantic millennial climate variability in north-western coastal environments. Two cold climate events are indeed suggested to have been locally marked by a moisture increase, mainly detected by increases in Lingulodinium machaerophorum, Corylus, and Alnus percentages at 8550 cal. BP in the Bay of Douarnenez and at 6250 cal. BP in the Bay of Brest. Moreover, regarding the Neolithic transition timing in the Bay of Douarnenez, large pollen grains of Poaceae (i.e. Cerealia-type pollen grains) have been detected at around 8600 cal. BP, that is, 1500 years before the general accepted cereal cropping appearance in Western France. These results, consistent with other palynological studies conducted in the French Atlantic coast, could underline a Mesolithic ‘proto-agriculture’ in Brittany.

scholarly journals Christian Theodor Vaupell, a Danish 19th century naturalist and a pioneering developer of the Quaternary geoscience

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Nielsen ◽  
S. Helama
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Plant Succession ◽  
General Reference ◽  
North West

Abstract. Christian Theodor Vaupell (1821–1862) was a Danish scholar with pioneering investigations particularly on the late Quaternary development of bog forests, but also microscopy of plant anatomy and vegetative reproduction. His studies contributed to the early scientific thinking of the Quaternary environmental changes. Before his academic efforts, he had already survived the war between Prussia and Denmark albeit he became severely wounded and his left arm was amputated. The drama of his academic efforts, on the other hand, lies in the more or less suspicious dispute of his first doctoral thesis and his dismissal from the academic world during the following years. At the same time, he earned praise for his first thesis (never accepted as thesis but published as a regular book) from abroad; he was also able to attract private foundations for financial support of his scientific work. Following the enthusiasm of his time, Vaupell became attracted to the pine megafossils known to have been preserved in the bogs in north-west Europe. The megafossils led him to study not only the life systems of the ancient and modern bog forests but also their associations with Earth processes. As an interesting detail of his research, Vaupell made compound interpretations on the occurrence of megafossil stumps and their tree-ring growth patterns. In the course of the 20th century, Vaupell's studies have been cited as a general reference of post-glacial vegetation change and plant succession rather than clearly pioneering investigations of palaeoecology, an angle that we would like put into a contrasting perspective. To do so, we provide a brief portrait of Christian Vaupell and his research career. In conclusion, we wish to emphasize the comprehensiveness of Vaupell's views on the late Quaternary vegetation changes and the role of plant succession in that development.

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