Identifying and verifying causes of death in Turkey: National verbal autopsy survey

Public Health ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Akgün ◽  
M. Çolak ◽  
C. Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death

scholarly journals Using verbal autopsy to measure causes of death: the comparative performance of existing methods

BMC Medicine ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher JL Murray ◽  
Rafael Lozano ◽  
Abraham D Flaxman ◽  
Peter Serina ◽  
David Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Comparative Performance

scholarly journals Can verbal autopsy improve the diagnostic accuracy of Physicians in Shanghai? Application of SmartVA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
Tian Xia ◽  
Rasika Rampatige ◽  
Hang Li ◽  
Tim Adair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Record Review

Abstract Background Accurate data on causes of death are essential for policy makers and public health experts to plan appropriate health policies and interventions to improve population health. Whereas approximately 30% deaths of Shanghai either occur at home or are not medically attended; the recorded cause of death in these cases may be less reliable than for a hospital death. Verbal Autopsy is a practical method that can help determine causes of death in regions where medical records are insufficient or unavailable. In this research, the smart VA tool was adopted to assign the cause of death of home deaths and to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the tool, the results were compared with routine practice to ascertain the value, if any, of incorporating VA into the diagnostic practices of physician in Shanghai certifying the cause of home deaths. Methods This pilot study selected home deaths certified by 16 community health centers from 3 districts represent urban, suburb, and urban-suburb areas in Shanghai, from December 2017 to June 2018. The medical records for all deaths for which a VA was carried out in these 3 districts during same period were carefully evaluated an independent Medical Record Review (MRR) team. Causes of death from both the SmartVA sample and the UCOD from the MRR were transformed to the SmartVA cause list for comparison. The concordance between the initial diagnosis and MRR UCOD and post-VA diagnosis and MRR UCOD was assessed using Chance Corrected Concordance. Results Overall CSMF accuracy improved from 0.93, based on the initial diagnosis, to 0.96 after the application of SmartVA. The misclassification of the initial diagnosis compared to that from the MRR. 86.3% of the initial diagnoses assigned the correct CODs, after the VA investigation, 90.5% of the post-VA diagnosis assigned the correct CODs. Conclusions Although Shanghai has an established and well-functioning CRVS system, SmartVA for Physicians contributed to an improvement in the accuracy of death certification. In addition, SmartVA may be a useful tool for inferring some special causes of death, such as those CODs classified as undetermined.

Derivation and Validation of Risk Scores for Cause-Specific Mortality using Verbal Autopsy Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshifhiwa Nkwenika ◽  
Samuel Manda
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
False Positive Error ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Developmental Policies ◽  
Burden Of Diseases

Abstract BackgroundDeaths certification remains a challenge mostly in the low-resources countries which results in poor availability and incompleteness of vital statistics. In such sceneries, public health and developmental policies concerning the burden of diseases are limited in their derivation and application. The study aimed at developing and evaluating appropriate cause-specific mortality risk scores using Verbal Autopsy (VA) data. MethodsA logistic regression model was used to identify independent predictors of NCDs, AIDS/TB, and CDs specific causes of death. Risk scores were derived using a point scoring system. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to validate the models by matching the number of reported deaths to the number of deaths predicted by the models. ResultsThe models provided accurate prediction results with sensitivities of 86%, 46%, and 40% and false-positive error rates of 44%, 11%, and 12% for NCDs, AIDS/TB, and CDs respectively. ConclusionThis study has shown that, in low- and medium-income countries, simple risk scores using information collected using verbal autopsy questionnaire could be adequately used to assign causes of death for Non-Communicable Diseases and AIDS/TB

scholarly journals Use of verbal autopsy and social autopsy in humanitarian crises

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. e000640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa-Marie Thomas ◽  
Lucia D’Ambruoso ◽  
Dina Balabanova
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Social Autopsy ◽  
Humanitarian Crises

IntroductionTwo billion people live in countries affected by conflict, violence and fragility. These are exceptional situations in which mortality shifts dramatically and in which civil registration and vital statistics systems are often weakened or cease to function. Verbal autopsy and social autopsy (VA and SA) are methods used to assign causes of death and understand the contexts in which these occur, in settings where information is otherwise unavailable. This review sought to explore the use of VA and SA in humanitarian crises, with a focus on how these approaches are used to inform policy and programme responses.MethodsA rapid scoping review was conducted on the use of VA and SA in humanitarian crises in low and middle-income countries since 1991. Drawing on a maximum variation approach, two settings of application (‘application contexts’) were selected and investigated via nine semi-structured expert interviews.ResultsVA can determine causes of death in crisis-affected populations where no other registration system is in place. Combined with SA and active community involvement, these methods can deliver a holistic view of obstacles to seeking and receiving essential healthcare, yielding context-specific information to inform appropriate responses. The contexts in which VA and SA are used require adaptations to standard tools, and new mobile developments in VA raise specific ethical considerations. Furthermore, collecting and sythesising data in a timely, continuous manner, and ensuring coordination and communication between agencies, is important to realise the potential of these approaches.ConclusionVA and SA are valuable research methods to foster evidence-informed responses for populations affected by humanitarian crises. When coordinated and communicated effectively, data generated through these methods can help to identify levels, causes and circumstances of deaths among vulnerable groups, and can enable planning and allocating resources effectively, potentially improving health system resilience to future crises.

scholarly journals Verbal Autopsy: Evaluation of Methods to Certify Causes of Death in Uganda

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0128801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Mpimbaza ◽  
Scott Filler ◽  
Agaba Katureebe ◽  
Linda Quick ◽  
Daniel Chandramohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Evaluation Of Methods

scholarly journals Analysis of Causes of Death Among Brought-in-Dead Cases in a Third-Level Hospital in Lusaka, Republic of Zambia, Using the Tariff Method 2.0 for Verbal Autopsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Yokobori ◽  
Jun Matsuura ◽  
Yasuo Sugiura ◽  
Charles Mutemba ◽  
Martin Nyahoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Death Notification ◽  
Hospital Deaths ◽  
Tariff Method ◽  
Level Hospital

Abstract Background Over one third of deaths in Zambian health facilities involve someone who has already died before arrival (i.e., brought in dead [BiD]), and in most BiD cases, the causes of death (CoD) have not been fully analyzed. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the CoD of BiD cases using the Tariff Method 2.0 for automated verbal autopsy (VA), which is called SmartVA.Methods The target site was one third-level hospital in the Republic of Zambia’s capital city. All BiD cases aged 13 years and older at this facility from January to August 2017 were included. The deceased’s closest relatives were interviewed using a structured VA questionnaire (Population Health Metrics Research Consortium Shortened Questionnaire) and the data were analyzed using the SmartVA to determine the CoD at the individual and population level. The CoDs were compared with description on the death notification forms by using t-test and Cohen’s kappa coefficient.Results Approximately 1500 cases were included (average age = 47.2 years, 61.8% males). The top CoD were infectious diseases, including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, tuberculosis, and malaria, followed by non-communicable diseases, such as stroke, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus (DM). The comparison with the CoD distribution among hospital deaths showed that the trends were similar except for DM, which was greater among hospital deaths, and malaria and accident, which were less frequent in the main CoD. The proportion of cases with a determined CoD was significantly higher when using the SmartVA (75%) than the death notification form (61%). A proportion (42.7%) of the CoD-determined cases matched in both sources, with a low concordance rate (kappa coefficient = 0.1385).Conclusions The CoD of the BiD cases were successfully analyzed using the SmartVA for the first time in Zambia. While there many erroneous descriptions on the death notification form, the SmartVA could determine the CoD among more BiD cases. Since the information on the death notification form is reflected in the national vital statistics, more accurate and complete CoD data are required. In order to strengthen the death registration system with accurate CoD, it will be useful to embed the SmartVA in Zambia’s health information system.

scholarly journals Causes of death among Syrian children using verbal autopsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-448
Author(s):  
N. Abou Rashid ◽  
S. Al Jirf ◽  
H. Bashour
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
The Public ◽  
Under Five

The causes of death in children under five years were studied using a structured verbal autopsy questionnaire. Possible determinants of death were also investigated. About 44% of deaths were among neonates [below 28 days of age] ; the major causes of death in neonates were prematurity [33%] and birth-related factors [30%]. In infants [1-11 months of age], the leading cause of death was congenital malformations [24%]. Accidents were responsible for one-third of deaths in children aged 1-4 years. Factors that might have contributed to death were investigated. The public health importance of causes of death was evaluated and its implications were discussed

scholarly journals Causes and Predictors of Mortality among HIV-Exposed Infants in Rural North-Central Nigeria: Results of a Simple Verbal Autopsy Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chamberline E. Ozigbu ◽  
Salome Erekaha ◽  
Eric E. Chinaeke ◽  
Tongdiyen L. Jasper ◽  
Gift Nwanne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
North Central ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Hiv Exposed Infants ◽  
Hiv Exposed

Abstract Background HIV-exposed infants (HEI) who die before diagnosis or treatment initiation, or who die in spite of being HIV-free constitute missed opportunities for reducing infant mortality. Verbal autopsy (VA) has been successfully applied in the collection of data to determine symptoms and circumstances surrounding death among infants, children and adults among populations that lack vital registration systems. There is little available data on rates and causes of death among HIV-exposed infants (HEI) in Nigeria. We used VA to characterize attributable causes and predictors of mortality among HEI in rural North-Central Nigeria.Methods Pregnant women living with HIV and HEI were enrolled at rural primary healthcare facilities and followed-up for 12 months, post-delivery. A simple 21-item VA instrument was used to collect infant mortality information from mothers, other family members, mentor mothers, and/or healthcare workers. Attributable causes of death were determined by physician coding. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine independent predictors of mortality.Results Data from 455 HIV-exposed infected and uninfected fetus/infant-mother pairs were analyzed. All mothers received anti-retroviral therapy. Seventy-five (16.5%) fetuses/infants died during gestation and within 12 months post-delivery. Forty (53.3%) deaths occurred in utero . The 12-month infant mortality risk among HEI in our study was 88.7/1,000. Among the 35 live-born infants, birth asphyxia (6/17, 35.3%) and sepsis (7/18, 38.9%) were the most common causes of death in the neonatal and post-neonatal periods, respectively. Unadjusted estimates showed that a greater proportion of deceased infants had mothers who did not deliver at a health facility (53.3 vs 31.8%, p=0.003), and who were newly HIV-diagnosed during pregnancy (69.3 vs 50.8%, p=0.029). Infants receiving nevirapine prophylaxis within 72 hours were less likely to have died (aOR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.2-0.9).Conclusions Early HIV diagnosis and treatment among women of child-bearing age, maternal access to facility delivery and timely infant antiretroviral prophylaxis should be programmatically strengthened to reduce HEI mortality. Additionally, robust monitoring and evaluation systems are needed to track and record deaths among HEI.

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