scholarly journals The Comorbidity of Self-Reported Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Traumatic Symptoms

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Dansie ◽  
Pia Heppner ◽  
Helena Furberg ◽  
Jack Goldberg ◽  
Dedra Buchwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

Post-traumatic stress disorder among patients with chronic pain and chronic fatigue

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. ROY-BYRNE ◽  
W. R. SMITH ◽  
J. GOLDBERG ◽  
N. AFARI ◽  
D. BUCHWALD
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Tender Points ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background. Fibromyalgia (FM), a chronic pain condition of unknown aetiology often develops following a traumatic event. FM has been associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression disorder (MDD).Method. Patients seen in a referral clinic (N=571) were evaluated for FM and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) criteria. Patients completed questionnaires, and underwent a physical examination and a structured psychiatric evaluation. Critical components of the diagnostic criteria of FM (tender points and diffuse pain) and CFS (persistent debilitating fatigue and four of eight associated symptoms) were examined for their relationship with PTSD.Results. The prevalence of lifetime PTSD was 20% and lifetime MDD was 42%. Patients who had both tender points and diffuse pain had a higher prevalence of PTSD (OR=3·4, 95% CI 2·0–5·8) compared with those who had neither of these FM criteria. Stratification by MDD and adjustment for sociodemographic factors and chronic fatigue revealed that the association of PTSD with FM criteria was confined to those with MDD. Patients with MDD who met both components of the FM criteria had a three-fold increase in the prevalence of PTSD (95% CI 1·5–7·1); conversely, FM patients without MDD showed no increase in PTSD (OR=1·3, 95% CI 0·5–3·2). The components of the CFS criteria were not significantly associated with PTSD.Conclusion. Optimal clinical care for patients with FM should include an assessment of trauma in general, and PTSD in particular. This study highlights the importance of considering co-morbid MDD as an effect modifier in analyses that explore PTSD in patients with FM.

Complex trauma of war captivity: a prospective study of attachment and post-traumatic stress disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1427-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Solomon ◽  
R. Dekel ◽  
M. Mikulincer
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Attachment Orientations ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms ◽  
Better Than

BackgroundVictims of war captivity sometimes suffer from complex post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a unique form of PTSD that entails various alterations in personality. These alterations may involve changes in attachment orientation.MethodThe sample comprised two groups of veterans from the 1973 Yom Kippur War: 103 ex-prisoners of war (ex-POWs) and 106 comparable control veterans. They were assessed at two points in time, 18 years and 30 years after the war.ResultsEx-POWs suffered from more post-traumatic symptoms than controls at both measurements points and these symptoms increased only among ex-POWs from Time 1 to Time 2. In addition, both attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance increased with time among ex-POWs, whereas they decreased slightly or remained stable among controls. Finally, the increases in attachment anxiety and avoidance were positively associated with the increase in post-traumatic symptoms among both study groups. Further analyses indicated that early PTSD symptoms predicted later attachment better than early attachment predicted later PTSD symptoms.ConclusionsThe results suggest that: (1) complex traumas are implicated in attachment orientations and PTSD symptoms even many years after captivity; (2) there is an increase in attachment insecurities (anxiety, avoidance) and an increase in PTSD symptoms decades after the captivity; (3) and post-traumatic stress symptoms predict attachment orientations better than attachment orientations predict an increase in PTSD symptoms.

scholarly journals Reduced emotion regulatory selection flexibility in post-traumatic stress disorder: converging performance-based evidence from two PTSD populations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Naomi B. Fine ◽  
Noa Ben-Aharon ◽  
Daphna Bardin Armon ◽  
Zivya Seligman ◽  
Liat Helpman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Attentional Disengagement ◽  
Regulatory Strategies ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

Abstract Background Contemporary views of emotion dysregulation in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) highlight reduced ability to flexibly select regulatory strategies according to differing situational demands. However, empirical evidence of reduced regulatory selection flexibility in PTSD is lacking. Multiple studies show that healthy individuals demonstrate regulatory selection flexibility manifested in selecting attentional disengagement regulatory strategies (e.g. distraction) in high-intensity emotional contexts and selecting engagement meaning change strategies (e.g. reappraisal) in low-intensity contexts. Accordingly, we hypothesized that PTSD populations will show reduced regulatory selection flexibility manifested in diminished increase in distraction (over reappraisal) preference as intensity increases from low to high intensity. Methods Study 1 compared student participants with high (N = 22) post-traumatic symptoms (PTS, meeting the clinical cutoff for PTSD) and participants with low (N = 22) post-traumatic symptoms. Study 2 compared PTSD diagnosed women (N = 31) due to childhood sexual abuse and matched non-clinical women (N = 31). In both studies, participants completed a well-established regulatory selection flexibility performance-based paradigm that involves selecting between distraction and reappraisal to regulate negative emotional words of low and high intensity. Results Beyond demonstrating adequate psychometric properties, Study 1 confirmed that relative to the low PTS group, the high PTS group presented reduced regulatory selection flexibility (p = 0.01, $\eta _{\rm p}^2$ = 0.14). Study 2 critically extended findings of Study 1, in showing similar reduced regulatory selection flexibility in a diagnosed PTSD population, relative to a non-clinical population (p = 0.002, $\eta _{\rm p}^2$ = 0.114). Conclusions Two studies provide converging evidence for reduced emotion regulatory selection flexibility in two PTSD populations.

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