scholarly journals An Appraisal of Two Tracer Methods for Estimating Tillage Erosion Rates under Hoeing Tillage

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1227-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Zhang ◽  
F.C. Li
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Tracer Methods ◽  
Tillage Erosion

Comparison of two methods for quantification of tillage erosion rates in olive orchards of north-west Syria

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Barneveld ◽  
A. Bruggeman ◽  
G. Sterk ◽  
F. Turkelboom
Keyword(s):  
North West ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Tillage Erosion

scholarly journals Tillage erosion: a review of controlling factors and implications for soil quality

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Van Oost ◽  
G. Govers ◽  
S. De Alba ◽  
T. A. Quine
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Soil Redistribution ◽  
Tillage Depth ◽  
Tillage Erosion

Tillage erosion has been identifed as an important global soil degradation process that has to be accounted for when assessing the erosional impacts on soil productivity, environmental quality or landscape evolution. In this paper, we present a summary of available data describing tillage erosion. This provides insights in the controlling factors determining soil redistribution rates and patterns by tillage for various implements used in both mechanized and non-mechanized agriculture. Variations in tillage depth and tillage direction cause the largest variations in soil redistribution rates, although other factors, such as tillage speed and implement characteristics, also play an important role. In general, decreasing tillage depth and ploughing along the contour lines substantially reduce tillage erosion rates and can be considered as effective soil conservation strategies. Implement erosivities reported in literature, characterized by the tillage transport coeffcient, are very consistent and range in the order of 400–800 kg m-1yr-1 and 70–260 kg m-1yr-1 for mechanized and nonmechanized agriculture, respectively. Comparison of tillage erosion rates with water erosion rates using a global data set indicates that tillage erosion rates are at least in the same order of magnitude or higher than water erosion rates, in almost all cases. Finally, we discuss how tillage erosion increases the spatial variability of soil properties and affects soil nutrient cycling. Considering the widespread use of tillage practices, the high redistribution rates associated with the process and its direct effect on soil properties, it is clear that tillage erosion should be considered in soil landscape studies.

Tillage erosion intensity in the South Canterbury Downlands, New Zealand

Soil Research ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy A. Quine ◽  
Les R. Basher ◽  
Andrew P. Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Dominant Soil ◽  
Mouldboard Plough ◽  
Soil Translocation ◽  
Tillage Erosion ◽  
Erosion Intensity

Growing awareness of the pressure on land resources emphasises the need to understand the full range of processes operating in human-impacted agroecosystems. In such systems one of the greatest threats to long-term sustainability is the erosion and depauperation of soil, which, until recently, was attributed almost entirely to water erosion. This study builds on recent awareness of the significance of tillage erosion and presents the results of an experimental investigation of tillage erosion due to mouldboard ploughing. Aluminium cubes were used to trace soil translocation as a result of a single pass of the plough perpendicular to the contour in downslope and upslope directions. In common with others studies, translocation was found to be directly proportional to slope tangent for downslope tillage and unrelated to slope for upslope tillage. The influence of non-topographic variables on the relationship between translocation distance and slope was partially filtered out by using the ratio of translocation distances in the tillage direction and perpendicular to tillage. Shallow plough depths of 0.17 m produced tillage detachment of only 230 kg/m2; however, a high tillage translocation coefficient of 1.16 m/pass resulted in a soil flux coefficient of 265 kg/m.pass. The high tillage translocation coefficient is probably partly due to the loose nature of the regularly cultivated loessic soil, however, on the basis of comparison with other published studies, it is suggested that the high tillage speed of 7 km/h is the principal control on the magnitude of the coefficient. Analysis of the available data suggests that a 30% reduction in tillage erosion intensity could be obtained by reduction of the tillage speed to 4 km/h; nevertheless, more experimental work is needed to test this suggestion. On the transect studied, a pair of opposing passes of the mouldboard plough would produce erosion rates as high as 5.1 kg/m2.year (51 t/ha.year) from shoulder slope elements and as high as 1.9 kg/m2.year (19 t/ha.year) over half of the slope length. This pattern matched closely the distribution of 137Cs-derived erosion rates documented previously for a nearby field, suggesting that for this environment, as for many mechanised agricultural systems, tillage erosion is the dominant soil redistribution process and the greatest threat to long-term sustained on-site productivity. Reduction of tillage erosion should, therefore, be seen as a priority in the development of sustainable land management strategies.

Quantifying tillage erosion rates due to moldboard plowing

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Lindstrom ◽  
W.W. Nelson ◽  
T.E. Schumacher
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Tillage Erosion

Assessment of tillage erosion rates on steep slopes in northern Laos

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dupin ◽  
A. de Rouw ◽  
K.B. Phantahvong ◽  
C. Valentin
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Tillage Erosion

Soil erosion rates under intensive vegetable production on clay loam, strongly structured soils at Pukekohe, New Zealand

Soil Research ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 947 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Basher ◽  
C. W. Ross
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Erosion And Deposition ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Soil Redistribution ◽  
Structured Soils ◽  
Soil Erosion Rates ◽  
Tillage Erosion

Rates of soil redistribution by water and tillage erosion were determined in 3 fields under long-term continuous vegetable production on clay loam, strongly structured soils derived from volcanic ash at Pukekohe, South Auckland, New Zealand. Erosion and deposition rates were estimated using a mass balance model to convert variation in 137Cs areal activity within the fields to estimates of erosion and deposition. Caesium-137 areal activity in cropped fields ranged from 171 to 2144 Bq/m2, compared with a reference value under permanent pasture of 774 Bq/m2. There was a characteristic pattern of 137Cs distribution within each field, with differences between the fields related to variation in topography. Lowest values of 137Cs were found in the upper parts of each field and highest values towards the base of each field. In all 3 fields there was a net loss of 137Cs, ranging from 13 to 32%, with an average over the 3 fields of 18%. Net rates of soil loss from the fields were 30, 11, and 7 t/ha.year. However, within the fields there was a much wider range of both erosion (up to 92 t/ha.year) and deposition (up to 100 t/ha.year) rates. Most of the soil redistribution is caused by water erosion, with tillage erosion accounting for 10-20% of the soil redistribution. The soil redistribution rates were 2 orders of magnitude higher than sediment export measured at small catchment scale. Soil erosion rates are not reflected in variation in topsoil depth, because frequent tillage and incorporation of organic residues maintains a uniform topsoil depth, but soil deposition rates are closely related to topsoil depth.

Assessment of tillage erosion rates on steep slopes in northern Thailand

CATENA ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Turkelboom ◽  
J. Poesen ◽  
I. Ohler ◽  
K. Van Keer ◽  
S. Ongprasert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Tillage Erosion

Reassessment of tillage erosion rates by manual tillage on steep slopes in northern Thailand

1999 ◽  
Vol 51 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 245-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Turkelboom ◽  
J Poesen ◽  
I Ohler ◽  
S Ongprasert
Keyword(s):  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Tillage Erosion
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