scholarly journals Clay Creep and Displacements: Influence of Pore Fluid Composition

2016 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario M. Pontolillo ◽  
Jacopo De Rosa ◽  
Gianvito Scaringi ◽  
Caterina Di Maio
Keyword(s):  
Pore Fluid ◽  
Fluid Composition

The Petrogenetic Model, an Extension of Bowen's Petrogenetic Grid

1962 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 558-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wyllie
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pore Fluid ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Solid Reaction ◽  
Petrogenetic Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Opposite Face ◽  
Reaction Surfaces

AbstractBowen's petrogenetic grid is a PT projection containing univariant curves for decarbonation, dehydration, and solid-solid reactions, with vapour pressure (Pf) equal to total pressure (Ps). Analysis of experimental data in the system MgO–CO2–H2O leads to an expansion of this grid. Three of the important variables in metamorphism when Pf = Ps are P, T, and variation of the pore fluid composition between H2O and CO2. These can be illustrated in a three-dimensional petrogenetic model; one face is a PT plane for reactions occurring with pure H2O, and the opposite face is a similar plane for reactions with pure CO2; these are separated by an axis for pore fluid composition varying between H2O and CO2. Superposition of the PT faces of the model provides the petrogenetic grid. The reactions within the model are represented by divariant surfaces, which may meet along univariant lines. For dissociation reactions, the surfaces curve towards lower temperatures as the proportion of non-reacting volatile increases, and solid-solid reaction surfaces are parallel to the vapour composition axis and perpendicular to the PT axes. The relative temperatures of reactions and the lines of intersections of the surfaces can be illustrated in isobaric sections. Isobaric sections are used to illustrate reactions proceeding at constant pressure with (1) pore fluid composition remaining constant during the reaction, with temperature increasing (2) pore fluid composition changing during the reaction, with temperature increasing, and (3) pore fluid changing composition at constant temperature. The petrogenetic model provides a convenient framework for a wide range of experimental data.

scholarly journals The effect of 'impure' pore fluids on metamorphic dissociation reactions

1962 ◽  
Vol 33 (256) ◽  
pp. 9-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wyllie
Keyword(s):  
Open System ◽  
Vapour Phase ◽  
Pore Fluid ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Phase Rule ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Dissociation Temperature ◽  
Mineralogical Phase

Summary Comparison of experimental data from the systems MgO-CO2-H2O (closed) and MgO-CO2-A (simulating an open system) shows that the effects of H2O and A on the dissociation of magnesite are almost identical; both behave as inert components reducing the partial pressure of CO2. The dissociation temperature at constant total pressure is lowered according to the proportion of inert volatiles in the initial vapour phase. The dissociation is completed at one temperature (univariant) in an open system but in a closed system it proceeds through a temperature interval (divariant) because the vapour phase changes composition. The amount of dissociation remains small until the upper limit of the interval is reached. More complex dissociation reactions in the systems CaO-MgO-CO2-H2O and CaO-SiO2-CO2-H2O are described; they follow similar patterns. Under closed or partially open metamorphic conditions non-reacting pore fluid components (inert) have to be treated as one additional component for application of the mineralogical phase rule. Comparison of the pattern of metamorphic parageneses with the patterns of reactions occurring under known experimental conditions may provide information about metamorphic processes. Metamorphic reactions can be represented within a petrogenetic model with axes P, T, and pore fluid composition varying between H2O and CO2.

scholarly journals Preliminary study on the contribution of osmotic effects for the electrical resistivity of sands

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 03019
Author(s):  
Inês Borges ◽  
Vikas Gingine ◽  
Rafaela Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Pore Fluid ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Osmotic Suction ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Osmotic Effects ◽  
Geophysical Prospection

Electrical resistivity of soils can be used to evaluate the level of contamination in soils in geophysical prospection tests. The chemical composition of pore fluid also corresponds to a given water potential, named as osmotic suction. Therefore both electrical resistivity and osmotic suction can be related when soil is saturated. This paper investigates their relationship when the soil is not saturated. The osmotic suction and electrical resistivity were measured for uniform grading size samples of sand prepared with different concentrations of an ionic leachate from a real landfield. Both were measured also for the fluid with the different concentrations. Suction was measured for different degrees of saturation using the ionic fluid for the different concentrations. The soil osmotic suction is similar to the osmotic suction of the pore fluid independently from the degree of saturation, and the differences in electrical resistivity in the saturated samples and pore fluid alone as function of osmotic suction are related by a constant. Although pore fluid composition affects electrical resistivity, when evaluating the electrical resistivity considering the degree of saturation one should pay attention to factors that are related with matric suction instead of osmotic suction.

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