scholarly journals Credit Risk Contagion of Supply Chain Based on Trade Credit

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Qian ◽  
Zongfang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Credit Risk Contagion

Research on Trade Credit Spreading and Credit Risk within the Supply Chain

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 389-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Qian ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Zong-Fang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Capital Constraints ◽  
Different Types

Capital constraints in the supply chain have linked trade credit to the banks’ credit risk exposure. This paper focuses on how trade credit, which is widespread in the supply chain, affects the banks’ risk exposure by constructing a two-echelon Stackelberg framework in a case involving supplier dominance. A numerical analysis illustrates the following: First, the contagion intensity, which measures trade credit’s impact on the banks’ risk exposure, positively relates to the uncertainty of demand. Second, the retailer’s characteristics have a significant, moderating effect on this positive relationship between the banks’ risk exposure and the uncertainty demand. Finally, suppliers can reduce the contagion intensity by screening different types of retailers, which consequently decreases the banks’ risk exposure.

scholarly journals Why and How Does a Supplier Choose Factoring Finance?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Chunying Tian ◽  
Dongyan Chen ◽  
Zhaobo Chen ◽  
Ding Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Decision Models ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Financial Benefit ◽  
Risk Neutral

Suppliers offering trade credit to the downstream retailers have to face many problems, such as receivables management, capital occupancy, and buyer’s credit risk. Many of them choose factoring finance to solve those problems simultaneously. This paper develops several supply chain decision models to show the benefits a supplier can obtain from the main functions of factoring and how he should choose between recourse factoring and nonrecourse factoring. In particular, we identify the conditions on which factoring may bring benefits (including financial benefit, guarantee benefit, and receivables management benefit) to the supplier. The supplier’s choice between recourse and nonrecourse factoring relies on his risk attitude. Given that the supplier is risk-neutral and the factoring fees are acceptable, recourse factoring is preferred when the factoring finance ratio is relatively high; otherwise, nonrecourse factoring is preferred. However, if the supplier is risk-averse, his preference for the two factoring schemes under different finance ratios may change when the risk constraints become stricter. If the target profit is lower than a certain level, the supplier’s financial choice will switch from recourse factoring to nonrecourse factoring in the case finance ratio is relatively low; otherwise, his financial choice switches from nonrecourse factoring to recourse factoring in the case finance ratio is relatively high.

scholarly journals On Credit Risk Contagion of Supply Chain Finance under COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Wentao Chen ◽  
Zhenlin Li ◽  
Zhuoxin Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Network Size ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Credit Risks ◽  
Supply Chain Finance ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Credit Risk Contagion ◽  
The Impact

Existing research on credit risk contagion of supply chain finance pays more attention to the influence of network internal structure on the process of risk contagion. The spread of COVID-19 has had a huge impact on the supply chain, with a large number of enterprises experiencing difficulties in operation, resulting in increased credit risks in supply chain finance. Under the impact of the epidemic, this paper explores the transmission speed and steady state of credit risk when the supply chain finance network is affected by external impact so that we can have a more complete understanding of the ability of supply chain finance to resist risks. The simulation results show that external shocks of different degrees will increase the number of initial infected enterprises and lead to the increase in credit risk contagion speed but have no significant impact on network steady state; the speed of credit risk contagion is positively correlated with network complexity but not significantly affected by network size; core enterprises infected will increase the rate of credit risk contagion. The intensity of policy intervention has obvious curative effect on the risk caused by external shock. When the supply chain financial network is affected by external shocks, the intensity, time, and pertinence of policy response can effectively prevent the credit risk contagion.

scholarly journals Two echelon partial trade credit financing in a supply chain derived algebraically

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Jaggi ◽  
Mona Verma
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Algebraic Approach ◽  
Inventory Problem ◽  
Partial Trade Credit ◽  
Ordering Policy ◽  
Credit Financing ◽  
Optimal Ordering Policy ◽  
Optimal Ordering

Trade credit financing has become a powerful tool to improve sales & profit in an industry. In general, a supplier/retailer frequently offers trade credit to its credit risk downstream member in order to stimulate their respective sales. This trade credit may either be full or partial depending upon the past profile of the downstream member. Partial trade credit may be offered by the supplier/retailer to their credit risk downstream member who must pay a portion of the purchase amount at the time of placing an order and then receives a permissible delay on the rest of the outstanding amount to avoid non-payment risks. The present study investigates the retailer?s inventory problem under partial trade credit financing for two echelon supply chain where the supplier, as well as the retailer, offers partial trade credit to the subsequent downstream member. An algebraic approach has been applied for finding the retailer?s optimal ordering policy under minimizing the annual total relevant cost. Results have been validated with the help of examples followed by comprehensive sensitivity analysis.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Supply Chain Credit Risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senay Agca ◽  
John R. Birge ◽  
Zi'ang Wang ◽  
Jing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Decision-making for Green Supply Chain Considering Fairness Concern Based on Trade Credit

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Haoxiong Yang ◽  
Enlu Shao ◽  
Yuanyuan Gong ◽  
Xiaolin Guan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Green Supply Chain ◽  
Fairness Concern

scholarly journals Optimizing a Sustainable Supply Chain Inventory Model for Controllable Deterioration and Emission Rates in a Greenhouse Farm

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Umakanta Mishra ◽  
Abu Hashan Md Mashud ◽  
Ming-Lang Tseng ◽  
Jei-Zheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Inventory Model ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Solution Technique ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Sustainable Supply Chain ◽  
Green Technologies

This study investigated how greenhouse managers should invest in preservation and green technologies and introduce trade credit to increase their profits. We propose a supply chain inventory model with controllable deterioration and emission rates under payment schemes for shortage and surplus, where demand depends on price and trade credit. Carbon emissions and deterioration are factors affecting global warming, and many greenhouse managers have focused on reducing carbon emissions. Carbon caps and tax-based incentives have been used in many greenhouses to achieve such reduction. Because of the importance of reducing carbon emissions for developing a green supply chain, various studies have investigated how firms deal with carbon emission constraints. In this continuation, we have used green technology to curb the excessive emissions from the environment or make it clean from CO2. In a seller–buyer relationship, the seller can offer a trade credit period to the buyer to manage stock and stimulate demand. Deterioration may become a challenge for most firms as they are under time constraints control, and preservation technology could help. This study proposes three novel inventory strategies for a sustainable supply chain (full backorder, partial backorder, and no backorder), linking all these important issues. The solution optimizes total annual profit for inventory shortage or surplus. We conducted a numerical study with three examples to evaluate the model’s authenticity and effectiveness and demonstrate the solution technique. The deterioration and emission rates can be included in a trade credit policy to increase greenhouse profits. The results suggest that greenhouse managers could apply the proposed model to manage real-world situations.

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