scholarly journals Achieving Environmental Performance through Design for Environment (DFE) Process in Foundry Operations

Procedia CIRP ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignatio Madanhire ◽  
Charles Mbohwa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Design For Environment

Development of a Course on Product Design for Environment

Manufacturing ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winston A. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Design For Environment ◽  
Evaluation Design ◽  
Design For Manufacture ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Design Changes

This paper outlines the development of a senior undergraduate course concerned with product design for environment. The course sits alongside other well established courses devoted to product design for manufacture and assembly and is aimed at giving students experience of the use of evaluation procedures that enable the environmental impact of products to be taken into account during product design. The course is partially project based and culminates in the students working in small groups to evaluate existing products. Based on this evaluation design changes are developed for improved environmental performance, including ease of recycling.

scholarly journals Green Coalescent Synthesis Based on the Design for Environment (DfE) Principles: Brazilian Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12802
Author(s):  
Isadora Luiza Climaco Cunha ◽  
Fábio Rosa ◽  
Luiz Kulay
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Design For Environment ◽  
Atmospheric Emission ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Paint Industry ◽  
Technical Functions ◽  
Competitive Products

Coalescents are compounds with a high potential for generating tropospheric ozone, which causes adverse effects on humans and their surroundings. This study designed a coalescent for decorative paints that reached technical levels equivalent to those obtained by StC, a product on the market, but with better environmental and economic performance. The strategy adopted in creating the green coalescent (GrC) improved film formation and reduced the product’s atmospheric emission rate. Regarding the environmental performance, GrC outperformed StC in terms of water consumption, global warming potential, and human toxicity by 30%, 35%, and 91%, but had a high smog formation potential even with a reduced loss to the air. The redesign of the molecule gave rise to AGrC, which achieved a more homogeneous environmental performance. The results of an economic analysis indicated that the procedures adopted to reduce environmental impacts could also make the coalescent more competitive if the lowest market prices were practiced. On the other hand, if the products are sold at high prices, the paint industry tends to privilege the economic dimension and disregard environmental performance for decision purposes. This research succeeded in reconciling technical functions and aspects related to sustainability to design more competitive products in the Brazilian market.

scholarly journals Prioritizing Design for Environment Strategies Using a Stochastic Analytic Hierarchy Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devarajan Ramanujan ◽  
William Z. Bernstein ◽  
Jun-Ki Choi ◽  
Mikko Koho ◽  
Fu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Design For Environment ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Process Constraints ◽  
Individual Expert ◽  
Do So

This paper describes a framework for applying design for environment (DfE) within an industry setting. Our aim is to couple implicit design knowledge such as redesign/process constraints with quantitative measures of environmental performance to enable informed decision making. We do so by integrating life cycle assessment (LCA) and multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA). Specifically, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used for prioritizing various levels of DfE strategies. The AHP network is formulated so as to improve the environmental performance of a product while considering business-related performance. Moreover, in a realistic industry setting, the onus of decision making often rests with a group, rather than an individual decision maker (DM). While conducting independent evaluations, experts often do not perfectly agree and no individual expert can be considered representative of the ground truth. Hence, we integrate a stochastic simulation module within the MCDA for assessing the variability in preferences among DMs. This variability in judgments is used as a metric for quantifying judgment reliability. A sensitivity analysis is also incorporated to explore the dependence of decisions on specific input preferences. Finally, the paper discusses the results of applying the proposed framework in a real-world case.

RESEARCH OF INDICATORS OF A VEHICLE WITH A DIESEL WORKING ON DIESEL AND DIESEL GAS CYCLES USING THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Serhii Kovbasenko ◽  
Andriy Holyk ◽  
Serhii Hutarevych
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Vehicles ◽  
Diesel Cycle ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The features of an advanced mathematical model of motion of a truck with a diesel engine operating on the diesel and diesel gas cycles are presented in the article. As a result of calculations using the mathematical model, a decrease in total mass emissions as a result of carbon monoxide emissions is observed due to a decrease in emissions of nitrogen oxides and emissions of soot in the diesel gas cycle compared to the diesel cycle. The mathematical model of a motion of a truck on a city driving cycle according to GOST 20306-90 allows to study the fuel-economic, environmental and energy indicators of a diesel and diesel gas vehicle. The results of the calculations on the mathematical model will make it possible to conclude on the feasibility of converting diesel vehicles to using compressed natural gas. Object of the study – the fuel-economic, environmental and energy performance diesel engine that runs on dual fuel system using CNG. Purpose of the study – study of changes in fuel, economic, environmental and energy performance of vehicles with diesel engines operating on diesel and diesel gas cycles, according to urban driving cycle modes. Method of the study – calculations on a mathematical model and comparison of results with road tests. Bench and road tests, results of calculations on the mathematical model of motion of a truck with diesel, working on diesel and diesel gas cycles, show the improvement of environmental performance of diesel vehicles during the converting to compressed natural gas in operation. Improvement of environmental performance is obtained mainly through the reduction of soot emissions and nitrogen oxides emissions from diesel gas cycle operations compared to diesel cycle operations. The results of the article can be used to further develop dual fuel system using CNG. Keywords: diesel engine, diesel gas engine, CNG

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