Biological treatment of kraft pulp mill foul condensates at high temperatures using a membrane bioreactor

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1125-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Carlos Teixeira Dias ◽  
Rachel Passos Rezende ◽  
Cláudio M. Silva ◽  
Valter R. Linardi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Kraft Pulp Mill

Chemical Neutralization of Alkaline Wastewater During Activated Sludge Treatment

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Ganczarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Mixed Liquor ◽  
Kraft Pulp Mill ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Practical Limit

Abstract The chemical neutralization of alkaline wastewater during the activated sludge treatment is due mostly to the development of CO2 during such biological treatment. The full-scale activated sludge treatment of alkaline wastewater without preliminary separate chemical neutralization was studied for the case of an unbleached Kraft pulp mill effluent. The treatment was carried out in limited-mixing aeration tanks at conventional loadings. Maximum pH values of the mixed liquor were 10.2, and the corresponding total alkalinity values reached 23.8 me/l. It was observed that considerable parts of the waste-water alkalinity were removed during the initial periods of mixed liquor aeration. The practical limit of this type of neutralization seems to be close to pH of 8.

Biological treatment of the effluent from a bleached kraft pulp mill using basidiomycete and zygomycete fungi

2009 ◽  
Vol 407 (10) ◽  
pp. 3282-3289 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Freitas ◽  
F. Ferreira ◽  
A.M. Costa ◽  
R. Pereira ◽  
S.C. Antunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Kraft Pulp Mill ◽  
Bleached Kraft Pulp

Investigation of Substrate Degradation and Nonbiodegradable Portion in Several Pulp Bleaching Wastes

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferhan Çeçen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Pulp Bleaching ◽  
Kraft Pulp Mill ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Substrate Degradation ◽  
Initial Substrate ◽  
Kraft Pulp Bleaching

Biological treatment studies were carried out with several Kraft pulp bleaching wastewaters both in continuous-flow and batch activated sludge reactors and substrate degradation was examined. The results of different studies indicated comparable findings. In the first study, bleaching effluents from the chlorination and extraction stages of the last pulp bleaching (Process: D/C-E/D-D-E-D, prebleaching with oxygen) were taken. Substrate removal has been evaluated using the parameters TOC, DOC, COD, AOX, BOD5 and Color (A436) and UV254. In the second study, spent bleaching effluents from a Kraft pulp mill using a conventional C/E-H-D/E-D bleaching were used. COD and Color (A436) was used for substrate determination. In the third study, the bleaching effluent from the same process was used at another time interval and substrate removal was followed by the measurement of COD and BOD5 and the spectrophotometric changes in the visible and UV regions. In all wastewaters a high amount of nonbiodegradable substrate was left over as expressed by residual TOC, DOC, COD. In general, the nonbiodegradable fraction of these wastes was about 30-60 % of the initial substrate. The dehalogenation of chlorinated compounds was either negligible or occurred not at all. Additionally, the specific absorption ratios A436/CODs, A346/CODs, UV272/CODs, UV254/CODs and the relative UV absorption ratio UV254/UV272 were measured in biotreated wastes and compared to the raw waste. These measurements proved to be a very useful tool since they provided information on specific pollutant groups. It was seen that UV absorbing substances were removed to a lesser extent than the total of organics measured by either TOC or COD.

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