Calculating barrier properties of polymer/clay nanocomposites: Effects of clay layers

Polymer ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2904-2910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xu ◽  
Qiang Zheng ◽  
Yihu Song ◽  
Yonggang Shangguan
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Clay Layers

Combined Effect of Nano-clay and Nano-carbon Black on Properties of NR Nanocomposites

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Qing-xiu ◽  
Wu You-ping ◽  
Xiang Ping ◽  
Ye Xin ◽  
Wang Yi-qing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Nano Clay ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Clay Layers

Natural rubber (NR)/clay/carbon black nanocomposites, filled with 10 phr, 20 phr, and 30 phr of filler (in total) were obtained by adding carbon black (N330) on a two-roll mill to NR/clay nano-compounds prepared by the emulsion compounding method. X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron microscope photographs of the nanocomposites showed that both fillers were dispersed randomly in the NR matrix at nano-scale and that the space between the clay layers was filled with carbon black particles. At the same total filler loadings, the mechanical properties of the naocomposites filled with both clay and carbon black, such as moduli at 100% and 300% elongation, tensile strength and tear strength, were greatly improved compared with those of either NR/clay nanocomposites or NR/carbon black nanocomposites. This indicates that the samples with both fillers possessed excellent mechanical properties. It was found that the NR/clay/carbon black nanocomposites retained advantages from both fillers, for example, the processability and dynamic properties were close to those of NR/carbon black nanocomposites, and the gas barrier properties were almost as good as those of NR/clay nanocomposites.

Natural nanoclays: applications and future trends – a Chilean perspective

Clay Minerals ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Calabi Floody ◽  
B. K. G. Theng ◽  
P. Reyes ◽  
M. L. Mora
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Volcanic Soils ◽  
Gas Barrier ◽  
Important Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
Organically Modified ◽  
Water And Wastewater

AbstractBecause of their large potential for agricultural, industrial and medicinal applications, nanomaterials have been the focus of much research during the past few decades. Nanoclays are natural nanomaterials that occur in the clay fraction of soil, among which montmorillonite and allophane are the most important species. Montmorillonite is a crystalline hydrous phyllosilicate (layer silicate). Organically-modified montmorillonites or ‘organoclays’, formed by intercalation of quaternary ammonium cations, have long been used as rheological modifiers and additives in paints, inks, greases and cosmetics and as carriers and delivery systems for the controlled release of drugs. Perhaps the largest single usage of organoclays over recent years has been in the manufacture of polymer-clay nanocomposites. These organic–inorganic hybrid materials show superior mechanical, thermal and gas-barrier properties. Organoclays are also useful in pollution control and water treatment. Allophane is a non-crystalline aluminosilicate derived from the weathering of volcanic ash. A large proportion of the agricultural land in Chile is covered by volcanic soils,the clay fraction of which is dominated by allophane. Consisting of nanosize (3.5–5.0 nm) hollow spherules, allophane is a suitable support material for enzyme immobilization. Allophane is also effective at adsorbing phenolic compounds and colour from kraft mill effluents and phosphate from water and wastewater.

Preparation and Characterization of Ionic Liquild Modified Clay and its Application in Polypropylene/Clay Nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 1588-1592
Author(s):  
Li Mei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Modified Clay ◽  
Solution Blending ◽  
Organically Modified ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Clay Layers ◽  
Poly Propylene

Clay was organically modified with one kind of ionic liquild. Organical clay obtained was used to prepare poly(propylene) (PP)/clay nanocomposites by solution blending. Flourier transform infrared (FTIR), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the ionic liquild was loaded in the galleries of organically modified clay. TGA result show the thermal stability of organically modified clay was superior to clay. XRD patterns indicated that the d-spacing of clay layers increased to 2.96 nm from 1.22 nm of clay. XRD patterns of PP/clay nanocomposites show that clay layers were dispersed in PP matrix by nanometer size.

Toughening, Thermal Stability, Flame Retardancy, and Scratch–Wear Resistance of Polymer–Clay Nanocomposites

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aravind Dasari ◽  
Szu-Hui Lim ◽  
Zhong-Zhen Yu ◽  
Yiu-Wing Mai
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Wear Response

Addition of a small percent of clay to polymers improves their stiffness, strength, dimensional stability, and thermal, optical, and barrier properties. Improvements are often attributed to the availability of large numbers of clay nanolayers with tremendous interfacial area. Despite the positive effects from the addition of clay, there are unresolved issues, such as embrittlement, thermal stability, flame retardancy, scratch–wear response of the resultant nanocomposites, and/or achieving a balance between different mechanical and physical properties. In this review, we discuss these issues and the approaches that have been adopted in the expectation of resolving and understanding them, with particular emphasis on our recent and current research.

Tensile Deformation Behaviours of Nylon 6 Based Nanocomposites

2008 ◽  
Vol 47-50 ◽  
pp. 694-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szu Hui Lim ◽  
Zhong Zhen Yu ◽  
Yiu Wing Mai
Keyword(s):  
Shear Deformation ◽  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Deformation Mode ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Volume Strain ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Rubber Particles ◽  
Clay Layers

Tensile tests were conducted on nylon 6/clay nanocomposites, with and without POE-g- MA rubber particles, over a range of temperatures below the glass transition and strain rates 10-4 to 10-1 s-1. It was shown that the yield strength varied with temperature and strain rate as the Eyring equation thus providing results on activation energy and activation volume for the physical mechanisms involved in these processes. Additionally, the tensile dilatometric responses indicated that the presence of POE-g-MA rubber particles did not alter the shear deformation mode of neat nylon 6. In contrast, the presence of clay layers changed the tensile yield deformation of nylon 6 from the more deviatoric plasticity to the more dilatational plasticity. In nylon 6/clay/POE-g-MA ternary nanocomposite, the volume strain response showed that POE-g-MA rubber particles promoted shear deformation and clay layers delamination was suppressed at yield.

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