In situ WAXD study of structure changes during uniaxial deformation of ethylene-based semicrystalline ethylene–propylene copolymer

Polymer ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2884-2893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Zhi Liu ◽  
Benjamin S. Hsiao ◽  
Shaofeng Ran ◽  
Bruce X. Fu ◽  
Shigeyuki Toki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uniaxial Deformation ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Structure Changes

Structure Changes during Uniaxial Deformation of Ethylene-Based Semicrystalline Ethylene−Propylene Copolymer. 1. SAXS Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1920-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Zhi Liu ◽  
Benjamin S. Hsiao ◽  
Bruce X. Fu ◽  
Shaofeng Ran ◽  
Shigeyuki Toki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uniaxial Deformation ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Copolymer 1

In-Situ Observation of Clay Minerals Hydrated and Intercalated With Liquid Chemicals Using Film-Sealed Environmental Cell

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 208-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fukushima ◽  
N. Kohyama ◽  
A. Fukami
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Film ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Interlayer Water ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Environmental Cell ◽  
Gas Layer ◽  
20 Nm

A film-sealed high resolution environmental cell(E.C) for observing hydrated materials had been developed by us(l). Main specification of the E.C. is as follows: 1) Accelerated voltage; 100 kV. 2) Gas in the E.C.; saturated water vapour with carrier gas of 50 Torr. 3) Thickness of gas layer; 50 μm. 4) Sealing film; evaporated carbon film(20 nm thick) with plastic microgrid. 5) Resolving power; 1 nm. 6) Transmittance of electron beam; 60% at 100 kV. The E.C. had been successfully applied to the study of hydrated halloysite(2) (3). Kaolin minerals have no interlayer water and are basically non-expandable but form intercalation compounds with some specific chemicals such as hydrazine, formamide and etc. Because of these compounds being mostly changed in vacuum, we tried to reveal the structure changes between in wet air and in vacuum of kaolin minerals intercalated with hydrazine and of hydrated state of montmori1lonite using the E.C. developed by us.

In Situ Biaxial Mechanical Testing at the Neutron Time-of-Flight Diffractometer POLDI

2013 ◽  
Vol 768-769 ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Repper ◽  
Markus Niffenegger ◽  
Steven van Petegem ◽  
Werner Wagner ◽  
Helena van Swygenhoven
Keyword(s):  
Steel Sample ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Uniaxial Deformation ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Neutron Diffractometer ◽  
Neutron Time ◽  
Strain Paths ◽  
Biaxial Mechanical Testing

Complex strain paths are often applied to materials during production processes. This paper shows the first successful in-situ biaxial mechanical tests during neutron diffraction performed on a cruciform steel sample and reports on the differences compared to uniaxial deformation. Digital image correlation is demonstrated to be an appropriate tool to monitor spatially resolved the macroscopic straining. The new, modular biaxial machine that will be installed at the neutron diffractometer POLDI is presented.

scholarly journals Aging Mechanisms and Monitoring of Cable Polymers

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Bowler ◽  
Shuaishuai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Dissipation Factor ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Aging Mechanisms ◽  
Nondestructive Measurements ◽  
Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer

Aging mechanisms of two polymeric insulation materials that are used widely in nuclear power plant low-voltage cables; cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and ethylene propylene rubber/ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPR/EPDM), are reviewed. A summary of various nondestructive methods suitable for evaluation of cable insulation is given. A capacitive sensor capable of making local nondestructive measurements of capacitance and dissipation factor on cable polymers, and potentially suitable for in situ cable monitoring, is introduced.Correlating values of elongation-at-break, indenter modulus, capacitance and dissipation factor measured on a set of 47 aged flame-resistant EPR samples shows a higher correlation between indenter modulus and dissipation factor than between indenter modulus and elongation-at-break.

scholarly journals Nanoscale Perspectives of Metal Degradation via In Situ Atom Probe Tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (15-18) ◽  
pp. 1606-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sten V. Lambeets ◽  
Elizabeth J. Kautz ◽  
Mark G. Wirth ◽  
Graham J. Orren ◽  
Arun Devaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Instrument Development ◽  
Atom Probe Tomography ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Subsurface Structure ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Reactor Cell ◽  
Reactive Gas

AbstractWe report a unique in situ instrument development effort dedicated to studying gas/solid interactions relevant to heterogeneous catalysis and early stages of oxidation of materials via atom probe tomography and microscopy (APM). An in situ reactor cell, similar in concept to other reports, has been developed to expose nanoscale volumes of material to reactive gas environments, in which temperature, pressure, and gas chemistry are well controlled. We demonstrate that the combination of this reactor cell with APM techniques can aid in building a better mechanistic understanding of resultant composition and surface and subsurface structure changes accompanying gas/surface reactions in metal and metal alloy systems through a series of case studies: O2/Rh, O2/Co, and O2/Zircaloy-4. In addition, the basis of a novel operando mode of analysis within an atom probe instrument is also reported. The work presented here supports the implementation of APM techniques dedicated to atomic to near-atomically resolved gas/surface interaction studies of materials broadly relevant to heterogeneous catalysis and oxidation.

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