scholarly journals Time-dependent changes in the brain arachidonic acid cascade during cuprizone-induced demyelination and remyelination

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Palumbo ◽  
C.D. Toscano ◽  
L. Parente ◽  
R. Weigert ◽  
F. Bosetti
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Cascade ◽  
The Brain

Is the brain arachidonic acid cascade a common target of drugs used to manage bipolar disorder?

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1104-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Bazinet
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Cascade ◽  
Brain Phospholipids ◽  
The Brain

Although lithium has been used therapeutically to treat patients with bipolar disorder for over 50 years, its mechanism of action, as well as that of other drugs used to treat bipolar disorder, is not agreed upon. In the present paper, I review studies in unanaesthetized rats using a neuropharmacological approach, combined with kinetic, biochemical and molecular biology techniques, demonstrating that chronic administration of three commonly used mood stabilizers (lithium, valproic acid and carbamazepine), at therapeutically relevant doses, selectively target the brain arachidonic acid cascade. Upon chronic administration, lithium and carbamazepine decrease the binding activity of activator protein-2 and, in turn, the transcription, translation and activity of its arachidonic acid-selective calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 gene product, whereas chronic valproic acid non-competitively inhibits long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase. The net overlapping effects of the three mood stabilizers are decreased turnover of arachidonic acid, but not of docosahexaenoic acid, in rat brain phospholipids, as well as decreased brain cyclo-oxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2. As an extension of this theory, drugs that are thought to induce switching to mania, especially when administered during bipolar depression (fluoxetine and imipramine), up-regulate enzymes of the arachidonic acid cascade and turnover of arachidonic acid in rat brain phospholipids. Future basic and clinical studies on the arachidonic acid hypothesis of bipolar disorder are warranted.

Comparison of Cytocidal Activities of L-DOPA and Dopamine in S. cerevisiae and C. glabrata

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Carmen E. Iriarte ◽  
Ian G. Macreadie
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Dependent Cell ◽  
The Brain

Background: Parkinson's Disease results from a loss of dopaminergic neurons, and reduced levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Parkinson's Disease treatments involve increasing dopamine levels through administration of L-DOPA, which can cross the blood brain barrier and be converted to dopamine in the brain. The toxicity of dopamine has previously studied but there has been little study of L-DOPA toxicity. Methods: We have compared the toxicity of dopamine and L-DOPA in the yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida glabrata by cell viability assays, measuring colony forming units. Results: L-DOPA and dopamine caused time-dependent cell killing in Candida glabrata while only dopamine caused such effects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The toxicity of L-DOPA is much lower than dopamine. Conclusion: Candida glabrata exhibits high sensitivity to L-DOPA and may have advantages for studying the cytotoxicity of L-DOPA.

Arachidonic acid cascade in endothelial pathobiology

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Bogatcheva ◽  
Marina G. Sergeeva ◽  
Steven M. Dudek ◽  
Alexander D. Verin
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Cascade

scholarly journals The role of the arachidonic acid cascade in the hypotensive activity of N-(dibenzyloxyphosphinoyl)-L-alanyl-L-prolyl-L-proline

1986 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Ryota Yoshimoto ◽  
Toshihiko Ishimitsu ◽  
Yoshikatsu Koyama ◽  
Shigebumi Hashimoto ◽  
Hiroaki Matsuoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Hypotensive Activity ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Cascade

scholarly journals Arachidonic Acid and the Brain

2008 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
pp. 2515-2520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley I. Rapoport
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
The Brain
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