Proteomic and activity profiles of ascorbate–glutathione cycle enzymes in germinating barley embryo

2010 ◽  
Vol 71 (14-15) ◽  
pp. 1650-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit C. Bønsager ◽  
Azar Shahpiri ◽  
Christine Finnie ◽  
Birte Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Barley Embryo ◽  
Glutathione Cycle

Millimeter Waves Effect on the Cells of Barley Embryo Seeds

2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
L. N. Golovina ◽  
T. A. Dolgova ◽  
N. G. Shestopalova
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Waves ◽  
Barley Embryo

RESPONSES OF GLUTATHIONE CYCLE ENZYMES AND GLUTATHIONE METABOLISM TO 1-HEXYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM STRESS IN SCENEDESMUS OBLIQUUS

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-701
Author(s):  
Jian-Min MA ◽  
Lin-Lin CAI ◽  
Ling-Wei HU ◽  
Tong-Xia JIN ◽  
Xiao-Yu LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scenedesmus Obliquus ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Glutathione Cycle

scholarly journals Mitochondrial redox systems as central hubs in plant metabolism and signalling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Van Aken
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Plant Mitochondria ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Plant Metabolism ◽  
Redox Systems ◽  
Glutathione Cycle

Abstract Plant mitochondria are indispensable for plant metabolism and are tightly integrated into cellular homeostasis. This review provides an update on the latest research concerning the organisation and operation of plant mitochondrial redox systems, and how they affect cellular metabolism and signalling, plant development and stress responses. New insights into the organisation and operation of mitochondrial energy systems such as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and mitochondrial electron chain (mtETC) are discussed. The mtETC produces reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which can act as signals or lead to cellular damage, and are thus efficiently removed by mitochondrial antioxidant systems, including Mn-superoxide dismutase, ascorbate-glutathione cycle and thioredoxin-dependent peroxidases. Plant mitochondria are tightly connected with photosynthesis, photorespiration and cytosolic metabolism, thereby providing redox-balancing. Mitochondrial proteins are targets of extensive post-translational modifications, but their functional significance and how they are added or removed remains unclear. To operate in sync with the whole cell, mitochondria can communicate their functional status via mitochondrial retrograde signalling to change nuclear gene expression, and several recent breakthroughs here are discussed. At a whole organism level, plant mitochondria thus play crucial roles from the first minutes after seed imbibition, supporting meristem activity, growth and fertility, until senescence of darkened and aged tissue. Finally, plant mitochondria are tightly integrated with cellular and organismal responses to environmental challenges such as drought, salinity, heat and submergence, but also threats posed by pathogens. Both the major recent advances and outstanding questions are reviewed, which may help future research efforts on plant mitochondria.

scholarly journals Resolving diurnal dynamics of the chloroplastic glutathione redox state in Arabidopsis reveals its photosynthetically-derived oxidation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zechariah Haber ◽  
Nardy Lampl ◽  
Andreas J Meyer ◽  
Einat Zelinger ◽  
Matanel Hipsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox State ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Fluctuating Light ◽  
Gsh Metabolism ◽  
Glutathione Cycle ◽  
Green Fluorescent ◽  
Glutathione Redox

Abstract Plants are subjected to fluctuations in light intensity, and this causes unbalanced photosynthetic electron fluxes and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Electrons needed for ROS detoxification are drawn, at least partially, from the cellular glutathione (GSH) pool via the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. Here, we explore the dynamics of the chloroplastic glutathione redox potential (chl-EGSH) using high-temporal-resolution monitoring of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) lines expressing the reduction-oxidation sensitive green fluorescent protein 2 (roGFP2in chloroplasts. This was carried out over several days, under dynamic environmental conditions and in correlation with PSII operating efficiency. Peaks in chl-EGSH oxidation during dark-to-light and light-to-dark transitions were observed. Increasing light intensities triggered a binary oxidation response, with a threshold around the light saturating point, suggesting two regulated oxidative states of the chl-EGSH. These patterns were not affected in npq1 plants, which are impaired in nonphotochemical quenching. Oscillations between the two oxidation states were observed under fluctuating light in WT and npq1 plants, but not in pgr5 plants, suggesting a role for PSI photoinhibition in regulating the chl-EGSH dynamics. Remarkably, pgr5 plants showed an increase in chl-EGSH oxidation during the nights following light stresses, linking daytime photoinhibition and nighttime GSH metabolism. This work provides a systematic view of the dynamics of the in vivo chloroplastic glutathione redox state during varying light conditions.

Delayed senescence of apple leaves by exogenous melatonin treatment: toward regulating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Lihua Yin ◽  
Dong Liang ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Fengwang Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Melatonin Treatment ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Delayed Senescence ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
Glutathione Cycle
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