scholarly journals Applied nuclear physics at the new high-energy particle accelerator facilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Durante ◽  
Alexander Golubev ◽  
Woo-Yoon Park ◽  
Christina Trautmann
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Accelerator ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
Energy Particle

New estimation method of neutron skyshine for a high-energy particle accelerator

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo-Hee Oh ◽  
Nam-Suk Jung ◽  
Hee-Seock Lee ◽  
Seung-Kook Ko
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Method ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Accelerator ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
Energy Particle

scholarly journals Accelerators, Colliders and Their Application

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
E. Wilson ◽  
B. J. Holzer
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
World Wide ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Energy Particle ◽  
Particle Beams ◽  
Basic Physics

AbstractAccelerators are modern, high precision tools with applications in a broad spectrum that ranges from material treatment, isotope production for nuclear physics and medicine, probe analysis in industry and research, to the production of high energy particle beams in physics and astronomy. At present about 35,000 accelerators exist world-wide, the majority of them being used for industrial and medical applications. Originally however the design of accelerators arose from the request in basic physics research, namely to study the basic constituents of matter.

scholarly journals Safety Engineering for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at the Brookhaven National Laboratory

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen V. Musolino ◽  
Steven F. Kane ◽  
Joseph W. Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Accelerator ◽  
Cryogenic System ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
Particle Accelerators ◽  
Safety Engineering ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Energy Particle ◽  
Experimental Apparatus

Abstract The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is a high energy particle accelerator built to study basic nuclear physics. It consists of two counter-rotating beams of fully stripped gold ions that are accelerated in two rings to an energy of 100 GeV/nucleon. The rings consist of a circular lattice of superconducting magnets, 3.8 km in circumference. The beams can be stored for a period of five to ten hours and brought into collision for experiments during that time. The first major physics objective when the facility goes into operation is to recreate a state of matter, the quark-gluon plasma, that has been predicted to have existed at a short time after the creation of the universe. There are only a few other high energy particle accelerators like RHIC in the world. Each one is unique in design and contains systems and hazards that are not commonly found in general industry. Therefore, the designers of the machine do not always have consensus design standards and regulatory guidance available to establish the engineering parameters for safety. Some of the areas where standards are not available relate to the cryogenic system, containment of large volumes of flammable gas in fragile vessels in the experimental apparatus and mitigation of a Design Basis Accident with a stored particle beam. The ASME Code requires Charpy testing of welds at cryogenic temperature, but testing at 4 K is nearly impossible to conduct. Engineered welds were used to provide an equivalent level of safety. A cryogenic system is a process system. The RHIC system was designed first by selecting a safe operating mode, then analyzing to ensure this mode was preserved. Cryogenic systems have unique processes, and the safe mode will surprise most process engineers. The experimentalists require detectors to be designed to meet the need of the physics objectives, but the application of standard construction techniques would make research mission impossible. Unique but equivalent safety engineering must be determined. The rules promulgated in the Code of Federal Regulations under the Atomic Energy Act do not cover prompt radiation from accelerators, nor are there any State regulations that govern the design and operation of a large superconducting collider. Special design criteria for prompt radiation were developed to provide guidance for the design of radiation shielding.

scholarly journals LARGE-x CONNECTIONS OF NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (35) ◽  
pp. 1330032 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALBERTO ACCARDI
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
Hadron Structure ◽  
Energy Particle ◽  
Parton Distribution Functions ◽  
Energy Physics

I discuss how global QCD fits of parton distribution functions (PDFs) can make the somewhat separated fields of high-energy particle physics and lower energy hadronic and nuclear physics interact to the benefit of both. I review specific examples of this interplay from recent works of the CTEQ-Jefferson Lab collaboration, including hadron structure at large parton momentum and gauge boson production at colliders. I devote particular attention to quantifying theoretical uncertainties arising in the treatment of large partonic momentum contributions to deep inelastic scattering (DIS) observables, and to discussing the experimental progress needed to reduce these.

scholarly journals Superconducting Materials and Conductors: Fabrication and Limiting Parameters

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 25-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Bottura ◽  
Arno Godeke
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Accelerator ◽  
Superconducting Materials ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
Particle Accelerators ◽  
Energy Particle ◽  
The Past ◽  
Accelerator Magnets ◽  
Limiting Parameters

Superconductivity is the technology that enabled the construction of the most recent generation of high-energy particle accelerators, the largest scientific instruments ever built. In this review we trace the evolution of superconducting materials for particle accelerator magnets, from the first steps in the late 1960s, through the rise and glory of Nb–Ti in the 1970s, till the 2010s, and the promises of Nb3Sn for the 2020s. We conclude with a perspective on the opportunities for high-temperature superconductors (HTSs). Many such reviews have been written in the past, as witnessed by the long list of references provided. In this review we put particular emphasis on the practical aspects of wire and tape manufacturing, cabling, engineering performance, and potential for use in accelerator magnets, while leaving in the background matters such as the physics of superconductivity and fundamental material issues.

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