scholarly journals Common origin of power-law tails in income distributions and relativistic gases

2016 ◽  
Vol 380 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Modanese
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
Income Distributions ◽  
Relativistic Gases

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT COMPETITION RULES ON THE POWER-LAW EXPONENT OF HIGH INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEIZO YAMAMOTO ◽  
SASUKE MIYAZIMA ◽  
HIROSHI YAMAMOTO ◽  
TOSHIYA OHTSUKI ◽  
AKIHIRO FUJIHARA
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
High Income ◽  
Income Distributions ◽  
Power Law Exponent ◽  
Competition Rules

GRB 070311: A COMMON ORIGIN FOR THE PROMPT AND AFTERGLOW EMISSION

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (09) ◽  
pp. 1359-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
S. D. VERGANI ◽  
C. GUIDORZI
Keyword(s):  
Light Curve ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Time Profile ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Prompt Emission

GRB 070311 was a long burst that triggered INTEGRAL. We present prompt γ-ray, early NIR/optical, late optical and X-ray data on this burst and its afterglow. Interestingly, the H-band light curve acquired with REM exhibits two pulses at 80 and 140 s after the peak of the γ-ray burst, with possible evidence for a contemporaneous faint γ-ray tail. The late optical and X-ray afterglow underwent a rebrightening between 3 × 104 and 2 × 105 s after the burst with energy comparable with that of the prompt emission extrapolated in the X-ray band. After fitting the early γ-ray and optical light curves, we modelled the time profile of the late rebrightening as the time-rescaled version of the prompt γ-ray pulse over an underlying power law. This result supports a common origin for both prompt and late X-ray/optical afterglow rebrightening of GRB 070311 within the external shock scenario.

scholarly journals TRANSITION FROM EXPONENTIAL TO POWER LAW INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS IN A CHAOTIC MARKET

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARMEN PELLICER-LOSTAO ◽  
RICARDO LOPEZ-RUIZ
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Chaotic Dynamics ◽  
Pairing Symmetry ◽  
Power Law Distribution ◽  
Closed Economies ◽  
Income Distributions ◽  
Chaotic Model ◽  
New Models ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Power Law Distributions

Economy is demanding new models, able to understand and predict the evolution of markets. To this respect, Econophysics offers models of markets as complex systems, that try to comprehend macro-, system-wide states of the economy from the interaction of many agents at micro-level. One of these models is the gas-like model for trading markets. This tries to predict money distributions in closed economies and quite simply, obtains the ones observed in real economies. However, it reveals technical hitches to explain the power law distribution, observed in individuals with high incomes. In this work, nonlinear dynamics is introduced in the gas-like model in an effort to overcomes these flaws. A particular chaotic dynamics is used to break the pairing symmetry of agents (i, j) ⇔ (j, i). The results demonstrate that a "chaotic gas-like model" can reproduce the Exponential and Power law distributions observed in real economies. Moreover, it controls the transition between them. This may give some insight of the micro-level causes that originate unfair distributions of money in a global society. Ultimately, the chaotic model makes obvious the inherent instability of asymmetric scenarios, where sinks of wealth appear and doom the market to extreme inequality.

scholarly journals The power-law tail exponent of income distributions

2006 ◽  
Vol 370 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Clementi ◽  
T. Di Matteo ◽  
M. Gallegati
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Income Distributions

Analysis of power law assumptions for short-period comets and Kuiper bodies

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 289-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Donnison ◽  
L.I. Pettit
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Pareto Distribution ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Probability Plots ◽  
Exponential Probability

AbstractA Pareto distribution was used to model the magnitude data for short-period comets up to 1988. It was found using exponential probability plots that the brightness did not vary with period and that the cut-off point previously adopted can be supported statistically. Examination of the diameters of Trans-Neptunian bodies showed that a power law does not adequately fit the limited data available.

Hearing in Mice by GSR Audiometry: II. Magnitude of Unconditioned GSR as a Function of Intensity and Frequency Interactions

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Gill ◽  
Charles I. Berlin
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Response Magnitude ◽  
Single Units ◽  
Spectral Content ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Subjective Magnitude ◽  
Orderly Fashion ◽  
Viiith Nerve

The unconditioned GSR’s elicited by tones of 60, 70, 80, and 90 dB SPL were largest in the mouse in the ranges around 10,000 Hz. The growth of response magnitude with intensity followed a power law (10 .17 to 10 .22 , depending upon frequency) and suggested that the unconditioned GSR magnitude assessed overall subjective magnitude of tones to the mouse in an orderly fashion. It is suggested that hearing sensitivity as assessed by these means may be closely related to the spectral content of the mouse’s vocalization as well as to the number of critically sensitive single units in the mouse’s VIIIth nerve.

How Useful is the Power Law of Practice for Recognizing Practice in Concentration Tests?

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Hagemeister
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Practice Effect ◽  
Practice Effects ◽  
Rate Decrease ◽  
Small Practice

Abstract. When concentration tests are completed repeatedly, reaction time and error rate decrease considerably, but the underlying ability does not improve. In order to overcome this validity problem this study aimed to test if the practice effect between tests and within tests can be useful in determining whether persons have already completed this test. The power law of practice postulates that practice effects are greater in unpracticed than in practiced persons. Two experiments were carried out in which the participants completed the same tests at the beginning and at the end of two test sessions set about 3 days apart. In both experiments, the logistic regression could indeed classify persons according to previous practice through the practice effect between the tests at the beginning and at the end of the session, and, less well but still significantly, through the practice effect within the first test of the session. Further analyses showed that the practice effects correlated more highly with the initial performance than was to be expected for mathematical reasons; typically persons with long reaction times have larger practice effects. Thus, small practice effects alone do not allow one to conclude that a person has worked on the test before.

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