Test–retest reliability of a vertical numerical rating scale supplemented with a faces rating scale for assessing hemiplegic shoulder pain

Physiotherapy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. e231-e232
Author(s):  
Y.-L. Chen ◽  
L.-L. Chuang ◽  
A.-L. Hsu ◽  
Y.-C. Li ◽  
A.M.-K. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

scholarly journals Comparing the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the numerical rating scale (NRS) in patient reported outcomes in psoriatic arthritis

2020 ◽  
pp. jrheum.200928
Author(s):  
Weiyu Ye ◽  
Simon Hackett ◽  
Claire Vandevelde ◽  
Sarah Twigg ◽  
Philip S. Helliwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Life Impact ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Global Disease Activity ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Objective Patient self-report scales are invaluable in psoriatic arthritis (PsA), as they allow physicians to rapidly assess patient perspectives of disease activity. We aimed to assess the agreement of the visual analogue scale (VAS), a 100 mm horizontal line, and the numerical rating scale (NRS), a 21-point scale ranging from 0 to 10 in increments of 0.5, in patients with PsA. Methods Data were collected prospectively across three UK hospital trusts from 2018-2019. All patients completed the VAS and NRS for pain, arthritis, skin psoriasis, and global disease activity. A subset completed an identical pack one week later. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. Agreement was assessed using medians and the Bland-Altman method. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to assess test-retest reliability. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were used to assess dependency between scale scores and clinical parameters. Results 210 patients completed the study; one withdrew consent, thus 209 were analysed. For pain, arthritis, skin psoriasis and global disease activity, the difference between the VAS and NRS mostly lay within 1.96 SD of the mean, suggesting reasonable agreement between the two scales. 64.1% patients preferred the NRS. The ICCs demonstrate excellent test-retest reliability for both VAS and NRS. Higher VAS and NRS scores were associated with increased tender/swollen joint count, poorer functional status and greater life impact. Conclusion The VAS and NRS show reasonable agreement in key patient reported outcomes in PsA. Results from both scales are correlated with disease severity and life impact.

scholarly journals Sensori-motor recovery in post-stroke shoulder pain: a correlation study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4854
Author(s):  
Ushnish Mukherjee ◽  
Sourav Kundu ◽  
Rachit Gulati ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Motor Recovery ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Negative Role

Background: The prevalence of pain in affected shoulder among post-stroke patients ranges from 34% to 84%. Numerous theories exist to explain the patho-mechanics behind development of Post-stroke shoulder pain, but its relationship with the sensori-motor recovery of the affected limb is still controversial. This study was conducted to detect the correlation, if any, between post-stroke shoulder pain and sensori-motor recovery of the affected upper limb.  Methods: This observational longitudinal study was conducted on 73 patients of both sexes within the age group of 45-65 years having presentation of post-stroke (duration<6weeks) shoulder pain. Pain intensity was recorded in numerical rating scale (NRS). Sensorimotor recovery of the affected limb was assessed by Fugl- Meyer assessment scale of upper extremity (FMA-UE). Data were collected at the baseline (visit1), at 6 weeks (visit 2), 12 weeks (visit 3) and at the end of the study i.e., 24 weeks (visit 4).  Results: Statistically significant negative correlations were found between severity of pain (assessed with NRS) and sensory-motor recovery (assessed with FMA-UE) on each visit with correlation coefficients (Spearman rho, r) being r=-0.890, p=0.000 on visit1, r=-0.685, p=0.000 on visit2, r=-0.629, p=0.000 on visit3 and r=-0.458, p=0.000 on visit 4.Conclusions: Post-stroke shoulder pain plays a significant negative role in sensori-motor recovery of the affected upper limb requiring early intervention.

Pilot Study of Upper-Extremity Work and Power in Chronic Cumulative Trauma Disorders

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L. Shackleton ◽  
K.L. Harburn ◽  
S. Noh
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Cumulative Trauma Disorders ◽  
Cumulative Trauma ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Trauma Disorders ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Research designed to increase our understanding of behavioral responses to chronic pain resulting from work-related cumulative trauma disorders (CTD) has been limited. This pilot study's main purpose was to examine the test-retest reliability of self-determined work and power during maximum and submaximum efforts in the performance of wrist flexion and extension movements of the CTD-affected extremity, using the LIDO WorkSET Simulator System. Data were collected from 22 subjects (11 men, 11 women) with chronic upper-extremity CTD, in two same-day sessions. Subjective reports of current pain in the CTD subjects were measured using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Upper-extremity work and power data were also collected on 12 healthy subjects as a control (6 men, 6 women). Pilot results included: acceptable test-retest reliability of the work and power measures in the CTD subjects; the CTD group demonstrated markedly lower (20% to 58%) maximum work, submaximum work, and maximum power values compared with the healthy group; gender variation was seen in the CTD and healthy groups with respect to work and power data, and women with CTD tended to report higher pain intensity than male cohorts. These results provide insight for future studies.

scholarly journals P270 Comparing the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the numerical rating scale (NRS) in patient reported outcomes in PsA

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyu Ye ◽  
Simon Hackett ◽  
Claire Vandevelde ◽  
Sarah Twigg ◽  
Laura C Coates
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Psoriasis Arthritis ◽  
Bland Altman Method ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Global Disease Activity ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background The visual analogue scale (VAS), a 100mm horizontal line, is commonly used for many outcomes including pain in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). However, it can be susceptible to measurement error. The numerical rating scale (NRS), a 21-point scale, overcomes these limitations, however, is not yet validated in PsA. We aimed to assess the agreement and reliability of the VAS and NRS scales in PsA. Methods Data was collected prospectively across three UK hospital trusts from 2018-2019. All patients completed VAS and NRS for pain, arthritis, psoriasis, and global disease activity. A subset was given an identical pack to complete one week later. Mean with standard deviation (S.D.) was calculated and variability assessed using the Bland-Altman method. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC, two-way mixed model absolute agreement) was used to assess test-retest reliability. All analyses were performed using R. This study was approved by London-Surrey Research Ethics Committee. Results 210 patients completed the study; one withdrew consent thus 209 were analysed. 62 patients completed the scales one week later. 60.0% were male, mean age was 51.7 years, and median PsA duration was 7.0 years. The mean (S.D.) scores are detailed in the table. For all 4 variables, the difference between the VAS and NRS scales mostly lie within 1.96 S.D. of the mean, as assessed using the Bland-Altman method, suggesting reasonable agreement between the two scales. The NRS is preferred by patients. Comparing clinic and 1-week VAS scores, the ICCs for pain, psoriasis, arthritis and global disease activity were 0.91 (95% CI 0.84-0.94), 0.93 (0.87-0.96), 0.85 (0.74-0.91), 0.89 (0.81-0.93), respectively. For NRS, the ICCs for pain, psoriasis, arthritis, and global disease activity were 0.93 (0.88-0.96), 0.89 (0.82-0.94), 0.91 (0.84-0.94), 0.91 (0.85-0.95), respectively. This suggests both scales have excellent test-retest reliability. Conclusion The VAS and NRS scales show reasonable agreement in patient reported pain, psoriasis, arthritis and global disease activity, and thus the NRS could be used to measure these outcomes in patients with PsA. Considering its lower likelihood of measurement error, faster speed to score, and better acceptability to patients, the NRS offers a feasible alternative to the VAS in clinical practice. Disclosures W. Ye None. S. Hackett None. C. Vandevelde None. S. Twigg None. L.C. Coates: None.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Revised Iowa Pain Thermometer-Czech for Patients with Stroke

2021 ◽  
pp. JNM-D-20-00094
Author(s):  
Petra Mandysova ◽  
Keela Herr
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
English Language ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background and PurposePain is a frequent yet underdiagnosed problem in patients with stroke due to stroke-related cognitive limitations that may hamper effective usage of pain tools. The Revised Iowa Pain Thermometer-Czech (IPT-R-CZ) is a linguistically validated translation of an English-language self-report pain instrument; however, the psychometric properties of the Czech version are unknown. This study aimed to psychometrically evaluate the IPT-R-CZ in cognitively intact and impaired Czech-speaking patients with stroke.MethodsFifty-four patients rated their pain intensity using the IPT-R-CZ, the Faces Pain Scale-Revised, and the Numerical Rating Scale, ranking them in terms of usability.ResultsCorrelations among pain scores across the tools were very strong. The IPTR-CZ ranked first in terms of usability.ConclusionConvergent validity, test-retest reliability, and usability of the IPT-R-CZ in Czech-speaking cooperative patients with stroke were acceptable.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ouhyul Herbal Acupuncture Point Injections on Shoulder Pain after Stroke

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ri Seo ◽  
Woo-Sang Jung ◽  
Seong-Uk Park ◽  
Sang-Kwan Moon ◽  
Jung-Mi Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Point Injection ◽  
And Control

An effective and safe remedy for shoulder pain is needed as shoulder pain is a common complication of stroke and restricts recovery of patients. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Ouhyul herbal acupuncture point injection (O-API) on shoulder pain in patients with stroke. Twenty-four participants with shoulder pain after stroke were recruited and randomized to the O-API and control groups. Treatment was conducted for 2 weeks three times per week. We evaluated the effects of treatment with a numerical rating scale (NRS), painless passive range of motion (PROM) of external shoulder rotation, and the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment (FMMA) at baseline, each week, and 1 week after the final treatment. All measures were similar between the O-API and control groups at baseline. The O-API group showed significant improvement on the NRS compared with that in the control group after 2 weeks of treatment, and the treatment effect was maintained until the follow-up period. PROM decreased significantly in both groups, but the reduction was maintained only in the O-API group. No significant difference was observed on the FMMA between the two groups. O-API resulted in significant improvement in shoulder pain after stroke, and its effect was maintained after termination of treatment without any severe side effects.

scholarly journals Sphenopalatine ganglion block for ipsilateral shoulder pain following open pancreaticoduodenectomy

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e243746
Author(s):  
Danielle Levin ◽  
Martin Acquadro ◽  
Joseph Cerasuolo ◽  
Frederic Gerges
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Left Shoulder ◽  
Sphenopalatine Ganglion ◽  
Ganglion Block ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block ◽  
Incisional Pain ◽  
Open Pancreaticoduodenectomy

A 59-year-old woman underwent an open pancreaticoduodenectomy. Thoracic patient controlled-epidural anaesthesia provided excellent incisional pain relief; however, the patient experienced intractable left shoulder pain (10/10 on the Numerical Rating Scale). To our knowledge, there is no effective established treatment for patients experiencing shoulder pain after an open pancreaticoduodenectomy. The patient’s shoulder pain did not respond to medical management with acetaminophen, ketorolac, lidocaine transdermal patch, oxycodone and hydromorphone. Then, on postoperative day 2, the acute pain service was consulted. Considering that the sphenopalatine ganglion block has been previously reported to be helpful in a number of painful conditions, including shoulder tip pain after thoracic surgery, we offered this treatment to the patient. After just one topical sphenopalatine ganglion block, using a cotton-tipped applicator, the patient’s shoulder pain entirely resolved and did not return. This is the first report of a successful treatment of intractable ipsilateral shoulder pain following an open pancreaticoduodenectomy with transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion block.

scholarly journals Ultrasound-Guided Prolotherapy with Polydeoxyribonucleotide for Painful Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoungho Ryu ◽  
Dongchan Ko ◽  
Goeun Lim ◽  
Eugene Kim ◽  
Sung Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Pain Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy

Background. Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a primary cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction. Several effective nonsurgical treatment methods have been described for chronic rotator cuff tendinopathy. Prolotherapy with polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), which consists of active deoxyribonucleotide polymers that stimulate tissue repair, is a nonsurgical regenerative injection that may be a viable treatment option. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of PDRN in the treatment of chronic rotator cuff tendinopathy. Method. The records of patients with chronic rotator cuff tendinopathy (n=131) were reviewed retrospectively, and the patients treated with PDRN prolotherapy (n=32) were selected. We measured the main outcome of the shoulder pain and disability index score on a numerical rating scale of average shoulder pain. Results. Compared with baseline data, significant improvements in the shoulder pain and disability index and pain visual analog scale scores were demonstrated at one week after the end of treatment, and at one month and three months later. Conclusions. PDRN prolotherapy may improve the conservative treatment of painful rotator cuff tendinopathy for a specific subset of patients.

Comparing the efficacy of nebulized morphine with intravenous morphine in traumatic musculoskeletal pain management

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Mani Mofidi ◽  
Ali Dashti ◽  
Mahdi Rezai ◽  
Niloufar Ghodrati ◽  
Hoorolnesa Ameli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Intravenous Morphine ◽  
Numerical Rating

Introduction: This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of intravenous morphine with nebulized morphine in pain relief of patients referring to the emergency setting with traumatic musculoskeletal pain. Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blind clinical study evaluated 160 patients 18 to 65 years of age with acute traumatic pain, who attended the emergency department during 2019. Subjects were assessed with Numerical Rating Scale based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly divided into two groups. In one group, 80 patients received IV morphine (0.1 mg/kg+5 mL normal saline) plus an equivalent volume of IV placebo. In the second group, 80 patients received nebulized morphine (0.2 mg/kg+5 mL normal saline) plus nebulized placebo. Pain score was monitored in all patients with Numerical Rating Scale before and after intervention at baseline, 15, 30, 45, and 60-minute intervals. Patients’ vital signs and possible adverse events were evaluated in each observation time points. Finally, all participants were assessed for their satisfaction with pain management. Data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis for continuous variables and Binomial test for categorical variables Results: There was no significant difference between the demographic characteristics of patients in study groups. Pain relief between the two groups was similar during the observation (0, 15, 30, 45, 60 min) (P>0.05). There were no changes in vital signs between two groups, although the nebulized group had lower systolic blood pressure at the time-point of 15 minutes after the treatment initiation (P=0.03). Conclusion: Although Nebulized morphine has similar efficacy in comparison with IV route, nebulization might be considered as the clinically efficacious route of morphine administration with minimal side effects, providing optimal pain relief in patients.

Comparison of Analgesic Effect of Levobupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine and Levobupivacaine for Scalp Block before Supratentorial Craniotomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 1028-1035
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Analgesic Requirement ◽  
Supratentorial Craniotomy ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Fentanyl Consumption ◽  
Scalp Block

Background: Craniotomy causes acute and chronic pain. Uncontrolled postoperative pain may lead to adverse events. Perioperative scalp nerves block is not only effective in reducing intraoperative hemodynamic response, but it also reduces postoperative pain and postoperative analgesia requirement. Objective: To compare the benefits of adding dexmedetomidine to levobupivacaine in scalp nerves block before craniotomy for the duration of analgesia in supratentorial craniotomy. Materials and Methods: After approval by the Committee for Research, 50 supratentorial craniotomy patients were randomized into two groups. The control group received 30 mL scalp nerves block with 0.25% levobupivacaine with adrenaline 1:200,000, whereas the study group received 30 mL scalp nerves block with 0.25% levobupivacaine with adrenaline 1:200,000 plus dexmedetomidine 1 mcg/kg. The primary outcome was the time to first analgesic requirement postoperatively. The secondary outcomes included intraoperative fentanyl consumption, verbal numerical rating scale, tramadol consumption, and complications during the first 24 hours postoperatively. Results: Patients in the study group had significantly increase time to the first analgesic requirement in postoperative period and reduced intraoperative fentanyl consumption. The median time to first analgesic requirement was 555 (360 to 1,035) minutes in the study group versus 405 (300 to 520) minutes in the control group (p=0.023). Intraoperative fentanyl consumption 125 (75 to 175) mcg in the study group was significantly lower than 200 (150 to 250) mcg in the control group (p=0.02). The verbal numerical rating scale at 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively, tramadol consumption, and complications during the first 24 hours postoperatively were not statistically significant different. Conclusion: Preoperative scalp nerves block with 0.25% levobupivacaine with adrenaline (1:200,000) with dexmedetomidine 1 mcg/kg significantly increased the time to first analgesic requirement and reduced intraoperative fentanyl consumption compared to 0.25% levobupivacaine with adrenaline (1:200,000) without perioperative complications. Keywords: Scalp block, Dexmedetomidine, Post-craniotomy analgesia, Supratentorial tumor, Levobupivacaine

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