On the spectral instability and bifurcation of the 2D-quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity equation with a generalized Kolmogorov forcing

2020 ◽  
Vol 403 ◽  
pp. 132296
Author(s):  
ChunHsien Lu ◽  
Yiqiu Mao ◽  
Taylan Sengul ◽  
Quan Wang
2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1131-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris W. Hughes

Abstract A form of linear, barotropic potential vorticity equation is derived for an ocean with a free surface, in which only one scalar variable appears (ocean bottom pressure, or subsurface pressure). Unlike quasigeostrophic or rigid-lid derivations, the only approximation made (apart from linearization) is that changes in the circulation must be slow compared with the inertial frequency. Effects of stratification are included, but only parametrically in the sense that density is treated as a given quantity or forcing term rather than a variable.


1991 ◽  
Vol 96 (C4) ◽  
pp. 7077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoichiro Nakamoto ◽  
Juping Liu ◽  
A. D. Kirwan

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