Determining modes for the surface quasi-geostrophic equation

Interactions of herbivorous copepods with their phytoplankton food depend on the size composition of organisms in both trophic levels. A simulation model is used to analyse these size-dependent relations with the following conclusions. 1. Relative size structure of herbivores and their food is more important than total biomass of each trophic level in determining modes of transfer from plants to herbivores. In nearly all cases, in the model, food limitation affects reproduction or the first feeding stage of the nauplii. 2. No single factor emerges as predominant in determining the size structure of both populations. 3. The nature of predation on the herbivores is at least as important in determining both phytoplankton and herbivore size composition as physical or nutrient parameters. 4. The magnitude of the population of the larger herbivores such as Calanus , important as food for fish, depends on their coexistence with the smaller copepod species which control the smaller phytoplankton. 5. Stress on the system, if it affects adversely the smaller herbivores, can lead to the breakdown of the Calanus -diatom component. 6. Prediction of the population structure for both plants and herbivores may be a more attainable objective of theory and more practically important than prediction of total biomass at each trophic level.

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On the weak solutions and determining modes of the g-Benard Problem

Hacettepe Journal of Mathematics and Statistics ◽

10.15672/hjms.20174622762 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (46) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muharrem Özlük

Keyword(s):

Weak Solutions ◽

Determining Modes ◽

Bénard Problem ◽

Benard Problem

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Nonlinear Galerkin methods based on the concept of determining modes for the magnetohydrodynamic equations

Journal of Physics A General Physics ◽

10.1088/0305-4470/31/34/016 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 31 (34) ◽

pp. 7141-7155 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Olaf Schmidtmann ◽

Fred Feudel ◽

Norbert Seehafer

Keyword(s):

Galerkin Methods ◽

Magnetohydrodynamic Equations ◽

Determining Modes ◽

Nonlinear Galerkin Methods

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First Report of Sex Chromosomes in Night Lizards (Scincoidea: Xantusiidae)

Journal of Heredity ◽

10.1093/jhered/esaa007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 111 (3) ◽

pp. 307-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Stuart V Nielsen ◽

Brendan J Pinto ◽

Irán Andira Guzmán-Méndez ◽

Tony Gamble

Keyword(s):

Sex Chromosomes ◽

Chromosome Evolution ◽

Restriction Site ◽

Sex Chromosome ◽

Chromosome 2 ◽

Squamate Reptiles ◽

Determining Modes ◽

Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes ◽

Sex Chromosome System ◽

Cytogenetic Methods

Abstract Squamate reptiles (lizards, snakes, and amphibians) are an outstanding group for studying sex chromosome evolution—they are old, speciose, geographically widespread, and exhibit myriad sex-determining modes. Yet, the vast majority of squamate species lack heteromorphic sex chromosomes. Cataloging the sex chromosome systems of species lacking easily identifiable, heteromorphic sex chromosomes, therefore, is essential before we are to fully understand the evolution of vertebrate sex chromosomes. Here, we use restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) to classify the sex chromosome system of the granite night lizard, Xantusia henshawi. RADseq is an effective alternative to traditional cytogenetic methods for determining a species’ sex chromosome system (i.e., XX/XY or ZZ/ZW), particularly in taxa with non-differentiated sex chromosomes. Although many xantusiid lineages have been karyotyped, none possess heteromorphic sex chromosomes. We identified a ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system in X. henshawi—the first such data for this family. Furthermore, we report that the X. henshawi sex chromosome contains fragments of genes found on Gallus gallus chromosomes 7, 12, and 18 (which are homologous to Anolis carolinensis chromosome 2), the first vertebrate sex chromosomes to utilize this linkage group.

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