Comparison of the effects of repeated exposures to predictable or unpredictable stress on the behavioural expression of fear in a discriminative fear conditioning to context task

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 112556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan E. Trow ◽  
Ashley M. Jones ◽  
Robert J. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Discriminative Fear Conditioning

Prefrontal cortical contributions during discriminative fear conditioning, extinction, and spontaneous recovery in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin L. Zelinski ◽  
Nancy S. Hong ◽  
Amanda V. Tyndall ◽  
Brett Halsall ◽  
Robert J. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Prefrontal Cortical ◽  
Discriminative Fear Conditioning ◽  
Conditioning Extinction

scholarly journals Impaired discriminative fear-conditioning resulting from elevated fear responding to learned safety cues among individuals with panic disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shmuel Lissek ◽  
Stephanie J. Rabin ◽  
Dana J. McDowell ◽  
Sharone Dvir ◽  
Daniel E. Bradford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Learned Safety ◽  
Discriminative Fear Conditioning

scholarly journals Discriminative Fear Learners are Resilient to Temporal Distortions during Threat Anticipation

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica I. Lake ◽  
Warren H. Meck ◽  
Kevin S. LaBar
Keyword(s):  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Fear Learning ◽  
Ordinal Comparison ◽  
Timing Task ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
Irrelevant Distractors ◽  
Task Irrelevant ◽  
Attentional Models ◽  
Discriminative Fear Conditioning

Discriminative fear conditioning requires learning to dissociate between safety cues and cues that predict negative outcomes yet little is known about what processes contribute to discriminative fear learning. According to attentional models of time perception, processes that distract from timing result in temporal underestimation. If discriminative fear learning only requires learning what cues predict what outcomes, and threatening stimuli distract attention from timing, then better discriminative fear learning should predict greater temporal distortion on threat trials. Alternatively, if discriminative fear learning also reflects a more accurate perceptual experience of time in threatening contexts, discriminative fear learning scores would predict less temporal distortion on threat trials, as time is perceived more veridically. Healthy young adults completed discriminative fear conditioning in which they learned to associate one stimulus (CS+) with aversive electrical stimulation and another stimulus (CS−) with non-aversive tactile stimulation and then an ordinal-comparison timing task during which CSs were presented as task-irrelevant distractors. Consistent with predictions, we found an overall temporal underestimation bias on CS+ relative to CS− trials. Differential skin conductance responses to the CS+ versus the CS− during conditioning served as a physiological index of discriminative fear conditioning and this measure predicted the magnitude of the underestimation bias, such that individuals exhibiting greater discriminative fear conditioning showed less underestimation on CS+ versus CS− trials. These results are discussed with respect to the nature of discriminative fear learning and the relationship between temporal distortions and maladaptive threat processing in anxiety.

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