The amount-based deformation of the q-exponential discount function: A joint analysis of delay and magnitude effects

2018 ◽  
Vol 508 ◽  
pp. 788-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador Cruz Rambaud ◽  
Isabel María Parra Oller ◽  
María del Carmen Valls Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Discount Function ◽  
Exponential Discount

scholarly journals Delay Effect and Subadditivity. Proposal of a New Discount Function: The Asymmetric Exponential Discounting

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador Cruz Rambaud ◽  
Piedad Ortiz Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Delay Effect ◽  
Discount Function ◽  
Preference Relations ◽  
Monetary Rewards ◽  
Exponential Discount ◽  
Exponential Discounting ◽  
Decreasing Impatience

The framework of this paper is intertemporal choice and, more specifically, the so-called delay effect. Traditionally, this anomaly, also known as decreasing impatience, has been revealed when individuals reverse their preferences over monetary or non-monetary rewards. In this manuscript, we will analyze the delay effect by using preference relations and discount functions. The treatment of the delay effect with discount functions exhibits several scenarios for this paradox. Thus, the objective of this paper is to deduce the different expressions of the delay effect and their mathematical characterizations by using discount functions in stationary and dynamic settings. In this context, subadditivity will be derived as a particular case of decreasing impatience. Finally, we will introduce a new discount function, the so-called asymmetric exponential discount function, able to describe decreasing impatience.

scholarly journals Applying the ME-index and the hyperbolic factor to the q-exponential discount function deformed by the amount

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Salvador Cruz Rambaud ◽  
Isabel María Parra Oller ◽  
María Del Carmen Valls Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Discount Function ◽  
Exponential Discount

La mayor parte de la evidencia empírica sobre la elección de recompensas a lo largo del tiempo ha demostrado que la tasa de descuento utilizada no es constante, tal y como fue sugerido por Samuelson (1937). En efecto, la tasa de descuento puede depender del tiempo (pudiendo aparecer el efecto impaciencia decreciente, la estacionariedad o la impaciencia creciente) o de la cuantía (mostrando el efecto magnitud, la separabilidad o la reversión del efecto magnitud). Una función de descuento, capaz de explicar casi todos estos estados de impaciencia con respecto al tiempo y la cuantía, es la denominada función q-exponencial deformada por la cuantía, recientemente incorporada al ámbito de la Econofísica. El objetivo principal de este artículo es la aplicación del EM-index y de una nueva versión del factor hiperbólico a esta novedosa función de descuento, y así comprobar su validez. Estos índices constituyen nuestra propuesta para medir los efectos magnitud y plazo, y ambos están inspirados en el factor hiperbólico introducido por Rohde (2010).

Subjective Time Preference and Willingness to Pay for an Energy-Saving Durable Good

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Antonides ◽  
Sophia R. Wunderink
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Durable Good ◽  
Discount Function ◽  
Hyperbolic Discount ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Parameter ◽  
Difference Effect ◽  
Better Than

Summary: Different shapes of individual subjective discount functions were compared using real measures of willingness to accept future monetary outcomes in an experiment. The two-parameter hyperbolic discount function described the data better than three alternative one-parameter discount functions. However, the hyperbolic discount functions did not explain the common difference effect better than the classical discount function. Discount functions were also estimated from survey data of Dutch households who reported their willingness to postpone positive and negative amounts. Future positive amounts were discounted more than future negative amounts and smaller amounts were discounted more than larger amounts. Furthermore, younger people discounted more than older people. Finally, discount functions were used in explaining consumers' willingness to pay for an energy-saving durable good. In this case, the two-parameter discount model could not be estimated and the one-parameter models did not differ significantly in explaining the data.

Lean diabetes: A joint analysis of the German DIVE and DPV registries

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S84
Author(s):  
B Hartmann ◽  
F Groß ◽  
P Bramlage ◽  
S Lanzinger ◽  
T Danne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Analysis

Effectiveness of Passion Fruit Peel Flour (Passiflora edulis L.) versus Turmeric Flour (Curcuma longa L.) on Glycemic Control: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-456
Author(s):  
Danilo F. Sousa ◽  
Vivian S. Veras ◽  
Vanessa E.C.S. Freire ◽  
Maria L. Paula ◽  
Maria A.A.O. Serra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Bias Analysis ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background:: It is undeniable that diabetes may cause several health complications for the population. Many of these complications are associated with poor glycemic control. Due to this, strategies to handle this problem are of great clinical importance and may contribute to reducing the various complications from diabetes. Objective: : The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the passion fruit peel flour versus turmeric flour on glycemic control. Methods: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA protocol. The following inclusion criteria were applied: (1) Case-control studies, cohort studies, and clinical trials, due to the improved statistical analysis and, in restrict cases, cross-sectional studies; (2) Articles published in any language. The databases used for the search were PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and LILACS. A bias analysis and a meta-analyses were undertaken using R Studio (version 3.3.1) using effect- size models. Results: : A total of 565 studies were identified from which 11 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Through isolated analysis, the effectiveness of turmeric flour on glycemic control was in the order of 0.73 CI (Confidence Interval) (from 0.68 to 0.79) and the effectiveness of passion fruit peel flour was 0.32 CI (0.23 to 0.45). The joint analysis resulted in 0.59 CI (0.52 to 0.68). The assessment of blood glucose was by glycated hemoglobin levels. All values were significant at a p < 0.05 level. Conclusion: Both interventions showed significant effects on glycemic control.

scholarly journals Joint analysis of the magnetic field and Total Gradient Intensity in Central Europe

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Milano ◽  
Maurizio Fedi ◽  
J. Derek Fairhead
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
East European ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Total Gradient ◽  
Synthetic Models ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Different Altitudes

Abstract. In the European region, the magnetic field at satellite altitudes (~ 350 km) is mainly defined by a long-wavelength magnetic-low called here the Central Europe Magnetic Low (CEML), located to the southwest of the Trans European Suture Zone (TESZ). We studied this area by a joint analysis of the magnetic and total gradient (∇T) anomaly maps, for a range of different altitudes of 5 km, 100 km and 350 km. Tests on synthetic models showed the usefulness of the joint analysis at various altitudes to identify reverse dipolar anomalies and to characterize areas in which magnetization is weak. By this way we identified areas where either reversely or normally magnetized sources are locally dominant. At a European scale these anomalies are sparse, with a low degree of coalescence effect. The ∇T map indeed presents generally small values within the CEML area, indicating that the Palaeozoic Platform is weakly magnetized. At 350 km altitude, the TESZ effect is largely dominant: with intense ∇T highs above the East European Craton (EEC) and very small values above the Palaeozoic Platform, this again denoting a weakly magnetized crust. Small coalescence effects are masked by the trend of the TESZ. Although we identified sparsely located reversely magnetized sources in the Palaeozoic Platform of the CEML, the joint analysis does not support a model of a generally reversely magnetized crust. Instead, our analysis strongly favors the hypothesis that the CEML anomaly is mainly caused by a sharp contrast between the magnetic properties of EEC and Palaeozoic Platform.

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