scholarly journals Combinatorial and approximative analyses in a spatially random division process

2013 ◽  
Vol 392 (9) ◽  
pp. 2212-2225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio Hayashi ◽  
Takayuki Komaki ◽  
Yusuke Ide ◽  
Takuya Machida ◽  
Norio Konno
Keyword(s):  
Division Process ◽  
Random Division

scholarly journals Effect of the Membrane Composition of Giant Unilamellar Vesicles on Their Budding Probability: A Trade-Off between Elasticity and Preferred Area Difference

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 634
Author(s):  
Ylenia Miele ◽  
Gábor Holló ◽  
István Lagzi ◽  
Federico Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Giant Unilamellar Vesicles ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Unilamellar Vesicles ◽  
Division Process ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Area Difference

The budding and division of artificial cells engineered from vesicles and droplets have gained much attention in the past few decades due to an increased interest in designing stimuli-responsive synthetic systems. Proper control of the division process is one of the main challenges in the field of synthetic biology and, especially in the context of the origin of life studies, it would be helpful to look for the simplest chemical and physical processes likely at play in prebiotic conditions. Here we show that pH-sensitive giant unilamellar vesicles composed of mixed phospholipid/fatty acid membranes undergo a budding process, internally fuelled by the urea–urease enzymatic reaction, only for a given range of the membrane composition. A gentle interplay between the effects of the membrane composition on the elasticity and the preferred area difference of the bilayer is responsible for the existence of a narrow range of membrane composition yielding a high probability for budding of the vesicles.

scholarly journals Interaction of Temporin-L Analogues with the E. coli FtsZ Protein

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 704
Author(s):  
Angela Di Somma ◽  
Carolina Canè ◽  
Antonio Moretta ◽  
Angela Duilio
Keyword(s):  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Bacterial Cell Division ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Division Process ◽  
Z Ring ◽  
Peptide Complexes

The research of new therapeutic agents to fight bacterial infections has recently focused on the investigation of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), the most common weapon that all organisms produce to prevent invasion by external pathogens. Among AMPs, the amphibian Temporins constitute a well-known family with high antibacterial properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In particular, Temporin-L was shown to affect bacterial cell division by inhibiting FtsZ, a tubulin-like protein involved in the crucial step of Z-ring formation at the beginning of the division process. As FtsZ represents a leading target for new antibacterial compounds, in this paper we investigated in detail the interaction of Temporin L with Escherichia coli FtsZ and designed two TL analogues in an attempt to increase peptide-protein interactions and to better understand the structural determinants leading to FtsZ inhibition. The results demonstrated that the TL analogues improved their binding to FtsZ, originating stable protein-peptide complexes. Functional studies showed that both peptides were endowed with a high capability of inhibiting both the enzymatic and polymerization activities of the protein. Moreover, the TL analogues were able to inhibit bacterial growth at low micromolar concentrations. These observations may open up the way to the development of novel peptide or peptidomimetic drugs tailored to bind FtsZ, hampering a crucial process of bacterial life that might be proposed for future pharmaceutical applications.

The random division of faces in a planar graph

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-331
Author(s):  
Richard Cowan ◽  
Simone Chen
Keyword(s):  
Planar Graph ◽  
Limiting Distribution ◽  
Face Type ◽  
Connected Planar Graph ◽  
Random Division

Consider a connected planar graph. A bounded face is said to be of type k, or is called a k-face, if the boundary of that face contains k edges. Under various natural rules for randomly dividing bounded faces by the addition of new edges, we investigate the limiting distribution of face type as the number of divisions increases.

scholarly journals Immunity to Laser Power Variation in a DFB Diode Laser Based Optical Gas Sensor Using a Division Process

Sensors ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 9582-9591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hengtai Chang ◽  
Jun Chang ◽  
Qingjie Huang ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Changbin Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Power Variation ◽  
Division Process ◽  
Optical Gas Sensor

scholarly journals ORP1L mediated PI(4)P signaling at ER-lysosome-mitochondrion three-way contact contributes to mitochondrial division

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Boutry ◽  
Peter K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Transfer Protein ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Lipid Transfer ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Mitochondrial Division ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
Division Site ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Division Process ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 4

AbstractMitochondrial division is not an autonomous event but involves multiple organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes. Whereas the ER drives the constriction of mitochondrial membranes, the role of lysosomes in mitochondrial division is not known. Here, using super-resolution live-cell imaging, we investigate the recruitment of lysosomes to the site of mitochondrial division. We find that the ER recruits lysosomes to the site of division through the interaction of VAMP-associated proteins (VAPs) with the lysosomal lipid transfer protein ORP1L to induce a three-way contact between the ER, lysosome, and the mitochondrion. We also show that ORP1L might transport phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI(4)P) from lysosomes to mitochondria, as inhibiting its transfer or depleting PI(4)P at the mitochondrial division site impairs fission, demonstrating a direct role for PI(4)P in the division process. Our findings support a model where the ER recruits lysosomes to act in concert at the fission site for the efficient division of mitochondria.

scholarly journals THORACO-OMPHALOPAGUS CONJOINED TWINS (CASE REPORT)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
O.O. Petrenko ◽  
A.O. Petrenko ◽  
E.O. Harmatina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Conjoined Twins ◽  
Division Process

THORACO-OMPHALOPAGUS CONJOINED TWINS (CASE REPORT)Petrenko O.O., Petrenko A.O., Harmatina E.O.Conjoined twins are formed during an impairment in embryo division process. There are some risk factors considered to increase conjoined twins’ formation rate. However, further investigation of genetic processes same as teratogenic agents involved in it is required. In this case an 18-year old patient with the first pregnancy, having no apparent teratogenic factors or family anamnesis with diagnosed conjoined twins is presented. An abortion was performed on the 13th-14th weeks of gestation. Multiple malformations of conjoined twins were studied and genetic counseling was prescribed to the patient during planning of the next pregnancy.Conjoined twins are formed during an impairment in embryo division process. There are some risk factors considered to increase conjoined twins’ formation rate. However, further investigation of genetic processes same as teratogenic agents involved in it is required. In this case an 18-year old patient with the first pregnancy, having no apparent teratogenic factors or family anamnesis with diagnosed conjoined twins is presented. An abortion was performed on the 13th-14th weeks of gestation. Multiple malformations of conjoined twins were studied and genetic counseling was prescribed to the patient during planning of the next pregnancy.Keywords: conjoined twins, thoraco-omphalopagus twins, malformations. СИАМСКИЕ БЛИЗНЕЦЫ ТОРАКООМФАЛОПАГИ (КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ)Петренко А.А., Петренко А.О., Гарматина Е.А.Сиамские близнецы образуются вследствие нарушения в процессе деления эмбриона. Есть некоторые факторы риска, которые, согласно исследованиям, увеличивают частоту образования сиамских близнецов. Однако требуется дальнейшее исследование вовлечённых в процесс генетических механизмов, а также тератогенных агентов. В данном клиническом случае представлены данные 18-летней пациентки с первой беременностью, не имеющей никаких очевидных тератогенных факторов или семейного анамнеза, у которой диагностированы сиамские близнецы. Аборт производился на 13-14 неделе беременности. Были исследованы аномалии развития сиамских близнецов, пациенту было рекомендовано генетическое консультирование перед планированием следующей беременности.Ключевые слова: сиамские близнецы, торакоомфалопаги, аномалии развития. СІАМСЬКІ БЛИЗНЮКИ ТОРАКООМФАЛОПАГИ (КЛІНІЧНИЙ ВИПАДОК)Петренко О.О., Петренко А.О., Гарматіна Є.О.Сіамські близнюки утворюються внаслідок порушення в процесі ділення ембріона. Є деякі фактори ризику, які, згідно з дослідженнями, збільшують частоту утворення сіамських близнюків. Однак потрібно подальше дослідження залучених в процес генетичних механізмів, а також тератогенних агентів. В даному клінічному випадку представлені дані 18-річної пацієнтки з першою вагітністю без будь-яких очевидних тератогенних факторів або сімейного анамнезу, у якій виявилися сіамські близнюки. Аборт проводився на 13-14 тижні вагітності. Були досліджені аномалії розвитку сіамських близнюків, пацієнту було рекомендовано генетичне консультування перед плануванням наступної вагітності.Ключові слова: сіамські близнюки, торакоомфалопагі, аномалії розвитку.

scholarly journals KCTD19 and its associated protein ZFP541 are independently essential for meiosis in male mice

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. e1009412
Author(s):  
Seiya Oura ◽  
Takayuki Koyano ◽  
Chisato Kodera ◽  
Yuki Horisawa-Takada ◽  
Makoto Matsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Zinc Finger Protein ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Late Pachytene ◽  
Histone Deacetylase 1 ◽  
Tetramerization Domain ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Division Process ◽  
A Cell

Meiosis is a cell division process with complex chromosome events where various molecules must work in tandem. To find meiosis-related genes, we screened evolutionarily conserved and reproductive tract-enriched genes using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and identified potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 19 (Kctd19) as an essential factor for meiosis. In prophase I, Kctd19 deficiency did not affect synapsis or the DNA damage response, and chiasma structures were also observed in metaphase I spermatocytes of Kctd19 KO mice. However, spermatocytes underwent apoptotic elimination during the metaphase-anaphase transition. We were able to rescue the Kctd19 KO phenotype with an epitope-tagged Kctd19 transgene. By immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry, we confirmed the association of KCTD19 with zinc finger protein 541 (ZFP541) and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1). Phenotyping of Zfp541 KO spermatocytes demonstrated XY chromosome asynapsis and recurrent DNA damage in the late pachytene stage, leading to apoptosis. In summary, our study reveals that KCTD19 associates with ZFP541 and HDAC1, and that both KCTD19 and ZFP541 are essential for meiosis in male mice.

scholarly journals In Silico and Cellular Differences Related to the Cell Division Process between the A and B Races of the Colonial Microalga Botryococcus braunii

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1463
Author(s):  
Xochitl Morales-de la Cruz ◽  
Alejandra Mandujano-Chávez ◽  
Daniel R. Browne ◽  
Timothy P. Devarenne ◽  
Lino Sánchez-Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Botryococcus Braunii ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinases ◽  
Multinucleated Cells ◽  
Cell Doubling Time ◽  
Division Process ◽  
Polyphosphate Bodies ◽  
Growing Conditions

Botryococcus braunii produce liquid hydrocarbons able to be processed into combustion engine fuels. Depending on the growing conditions, the cell doubling time can be up to 6 days or more, which is a slow growth rate in comparison with other microalgae. Few studies have analyzed the cell cycle of B. braunii. We did a bioinformatic comparison between the protein sequences for retinoblastoma and cyclin-dependent kinases from the A (Yamanaka) and B (Showa) races, with those sequences from other algae and Arabidopsis thaliana. Differences in the number of cyclin-dependent kinases and potential retinoblastoma phosphorylation sites between the A and B races were found. Some cyclin-dependent kinases from both races seemed to be phylogenetically more similar to A. thaliana than to other microalgae. Microscopic observations were done using several staining procedures. Race A colonies, but not race B, showed some multinucleated cells without chlorophyll. An active mitochondrial net was detected in those multinucleated cells, as well as being defined in polyphosphate bodies. These observations suggest differences in the cell division processes between the A and B races of B. braunii.

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